Importance of prostanoids in calcium chelator-induced airway constriction

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 1110-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Lindeman ◽  
N. Downey ◽  
M. C. Liu ◽  
W. C. Hubbard ◽  
A. Kagey-Sobotka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Peripheral Airways ◽  
Airway Constriction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Collateral System

To elucidate the mechanism of calcium chelator-induced airway constriction, we examined the relationship between prostanoids and histamine in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and the magnitude of airway constriction in peripheral airways of anesthetized Basenji-Greyhound dogs. A wedged bronchoscope technique was used to measure collateral system resistance (Rcs) before and after aerosol challenges. Sublobar segments were challenged either with acetylcholine or with Na2EDTA in the presence or absence of meclofenamate sodium (3 mg/kg iv) or methylprednisolone (2 mg.kg-1.day-1). After measurements of Rcs, BAL was performed, and the fluid was analyzed for prostanoids with the use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sublobar segments challenged with Na2EDTA showed increased concentrations of prostaglandin (PG) D2 but no increases in PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 9 alpha,11 beta-PGF2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, thromboxane B2, or histamine. There was a strong relationship (r = 0.84, P = 0.005) between changes in Rcs after Na2EDTA and concentrations of PGD2 in BAL fluid. Acetylcholine, which increased Rcs to a similar degree as Na2EDTA did, produced no significant increase in prostanoid concentrations. Changes in Rcs after Na2EDTA and concentrations of PGD2 were reduced in the presence of meclofenamate or methylprednisolone. These data support the idea that the mechanism of calcium chelator-induced bronchoconstriction involves the release of bronchoconstricting prostanoids.

scholarly journals Changes in the Composition of AromatherapeuticCitrusOils during Evaporation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
George W. Francis ◽  
Yen Thuy Hoang Bui
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Partial Evaporation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lemon Oil ◽  
Total Oil

The composition of some commercialCitrusoils, lemon, sweet orange, and tangerine, designated for aromatherapy, was examined before and after partial evaporation in a stream of nitrogen. The intact oils contained the expected mixtures of mono- and sesquiterpenes, with hydrocarbons dominating and lesser amounts of oxygenated analogues making up the remainder. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to follow alterations in the relative amounts of the various components present as evaporation proceeded. Changes were marked, and in particular more volatile components present in the intact oils rapidly disappeared. Thus the balance of content was shifted away from monoterpene hydrocarbons towards the analogous alcohols and carbonyl compounds. The results of this differential evaporation are discussed and possible consequences for aromatherapy use are noted. The case of lemon oil was especially interesting as the relative amount of citral, a known sensitizer, remaining as time elapsed represented an increasing percentage of the total oil.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Dark Beer Before and After Freeze Drying Rehydration Cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Ingmārs Cinkmanis ◽  
Guntis Gailums ◽  
Sanita Vucāne
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Before And After

Abstract The aim of the study was to compare dark beer before and after a freeze drying rehydration cycle. The pH, colour, and concentrations of extract, organic acids, and phenolic compounds were determined. Dark beer before and after freeze drying was analysed using standard brewing analysis methods of the Mitteleuropäische Brautechnische Analysenkommision (MEBAK) and two types of chromatography: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Increase of pH was not observed in dark beer after freeze drying. Dissolved powdered beer in deionised water was clear, dark brown, without sediments, and reproduced the original commercially available dark beer, with original extract substance content 8.88%. Concentrations of the following organic acids were determined: oxalic, tartaric, quinic, malic, ascorbic, lactic, acetic, citric, fumaric, and succinic. Volatile compounds by GC/MS analysis were isolated from dark beer before and after freeze drying.

scholarly journals Visualization of the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Data of Muscat Ottonel Must and Wine Measurements

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kovács ◽  
M. Kállay ◽  
K. Korány
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alternative Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retention Indexes

The lack of interpretation methods useful in evaluating the aroma-profiles of wines makes it necessary to thoroughly investigate alternative evaluation procedures. By adding three appropriate normal hydrocarbon standards to all sample extracts, measuring the Programmed Temperature Retention Indexes of the components and by normalizing the peak areas to that of the 1-alpha-Terpineol (in musts) or Benzeneethanol (in wines), the aroma features could be visualized. The relationship or identity of the aroma patterns could be deduced from the presence or absence of similar polygons in the -constellation-map" of the components.  

scholarly journals Serum Metabolic Profiling Analysis of Gout Patients Treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongfengtai Granules Based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jianyong Zhang ◽  
Hong Pan ◽  
Jingjing Xie ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ruyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

Gout has become a public health problem that seriously threatens human health. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have a long history of treating gout and have some advantages compared with the conventional medicines. Compound TCM Tongfengtai granules are gradually being used for clinical treatment of gout, but its mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the metabolic profiling of serum from gout patients before and after treatment with Tongfengtai granules and identify the differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways. A total of 40 gout patients hospitalized in Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from 2018 to March 2019 were recruited in the current study, and serum samples from these patients before and after treatment with Tongfengtai granules were collected. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assay was used to identify serum metabolites. The OPLS-DA VIP method was used to screen for potential metabolic biomarkers, and MetaboAnalyst 4.0 was used to identify related metabolic pathways. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the concentrations of six metabolites in the serum after treatment: D-galactose, lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, D-pyran (type) glucose, alanine, and L-isoleucine. Except D-pyran (type) glucose, the serum concentrations of the other five metabolites were all significantly reduced. Besides, pathway enrichment analysis found that these potential metabolic biomarkers were mainly involved in lactose degradation and the glucose-alanine cycle. Thus, the serum metabolic profiling of gout patients treated with Tongfengtai granules changed, and the differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways might provide clues for understanding the mechanism of Tongfengtai granules.

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