Skeletal troponin I as a marker of exercise-induced muscle damage

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Sorichter ◽  
Johannes Mair ◽  
Arnold Koller ◽  
Walter Gebert ◽  
Daniel Rama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Physical Education Teacher ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Teacher Trainees ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Plasma Marker ◽  
Level Running

Sorichter, Stephan, Johannes Mair, Arnold Koller, Walter Gebert, Daniel Rama, Charles Calzolari, Erika Artner-Dworzak, and Bernd Puschendorf. Skeletal troponin I as a marker of exercise-induced muscle damage. J. Appl. Physiol.83(4): 1076–1082, 1997.—The utility of skeletal troponin I (sTnI) as a plasma marker of skeletal muscle damage after exercise was compared against creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb), and myosin heavy chain (MHC) fragments. These markers were serially measured in normal physical education teacher trainees after four different exercise regimens: 20 min of level or downhill (16% decline) running (intensity: 70% maximal O2uptake), high-force eccentric contractions (70 repetitions), or high-force isokinetic concentric contractions of the quadriceps group (40 repetitions). Eccentrically biased exercise (downhill running and eccentric contractions) promoted greater increases in all parameters. The highest plasma concentration were found after downhill running {median peaks: 309 U/l CK concentration ([CK])}, 466 μg/l Mb concentration ([Mb]), 1,021 μU/l MHC concentration ([MHC]), and 27.3 μg/l sTnI concentration ([sTnI]). Level running produced a moderate response (median peaks: 178 U/l [CK], 98 μg/l [Mb], 501 μU/l [MHC], and 6.6 μg/l [sTnI]), whereas the concentric contraction protocol did not elicit significant changes in any of the markers assayed. sTnI increased and peaked in parallel to CK and stayed elevated (>2.2 μg/l) for at least 1–2 days after exercise. In contrast to MHC, sTnI is an initial, specific marker of exercise-induced muscle injury, which may be partly explained by their different intracellular compartmentation with essentially no (MHC <0.1%) or a small soluble pool (sTnI: median 3.4%).

scholarly journals Physiological and Neural Adaptations to Eccentric Exercise: Mechanisms and Considerations for Training

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosratollah Hedayatpour ◽  
Deborah Falla
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Neural Adaptations ◽  
Neuromuscular Adaptations ◽  
Exercise Induced

Eccentric exercise is characterized by initial unfavorable effects such as subcellular muscle damage, pain, reduced fiber excitability, and initial muscle weakness. However, stretch combined with overload, as in eccentric contractions, is an effective stimulus for inducing physiological and neural adaptations to training. Eccentric exercise-induced adaptations include muscle hypertrophy, increased cortical activity, and changes in motor unit behavior, all of which contribute to improved muscle function. In this brief review, neuromuscular adaptations to different forms of exercise are reviewed, the positive training effects of eccentric exercise are presented, and the implications for training are considered.

scholarly journals Isometric pre-conditioning blunts exercise-induced muscle damage but does not attenuate changes in running economy following downhill running

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo C.R. Lima ◽  
Natália M. Bassan ◽  
Adalgiso C. Cardozo ◽  
Mauro Gonçalves ◽  
Camila C. Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Running Economy in Humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio de Oliveira Assumpção ◽  
Leonardo Coelho Rabello Lima ◽  
Felipe Bruno Dias Oliveira ◽  
Camila Coelho Greco ◽  
Benedito Sérgio Denadai
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Exercise Induced

Running economy (RE), defined as the energy demand for a given velocity of submaximal running, has been identified as a critical factor of overall distance running performance. Plyometric and resistance trainings, performed during a relatively short period of time (~15–30 days), have been successfully used to improve RE in trained athletes. However, these exercise types, particularly when they are unaccustomed activities for the individuals, may cause delayed onset muscle soreness, swelling, and reduced muscle strength. Some studies have demonstrated that exercise-induced muscle damage has a negative impact on endurance running performance. Specifically, the muscular damage induced by an acute bout of downhill running has been shown to reduce RE during subsequent moderate and high-intensity exercise (>65% VO2max). However, strength exercise (i.e., jumps, isoinertial and isokinetic eccentric exercises) seems to impair RE only for subsequent high-intensity exercise (~90% VO2max). Finally, a single session of resistance exercise or downhill running (i.e., repeated bout effect) attenuates changes in indirect markers of muscle damage and blunts changes in RE.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Cardiac Stress During a Marathon Could be Associated with Dietary Intake During the Week Before the Race

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Mielgo-Ayuso ◽  
Julio Calleja-González ◽  
Ignacio Refoyo ◽  
Patxi León-Guereño ◽  
Alfredo Cordova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Cardiac Stress ◽  
Exercise Induced

Adequate food intake is important prior to endurance running competitions to facilitate adequate exercise intensity. However, no investigations have examined whether dietary intake could prevent exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and cardiac stress (EICS). Thus, this study’s objective was to determine the associations between EIMD, EICS and endurance athlete diets one week before a marathon race. Sixty-nine male runners participated in this study. Food intake during the week prior to the race was collected through a seven-day weighed food record. Dietary intake on race day was also recorded. At the end of the marathon, blood samples were drawn to determine serum creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin, and muscle–brain isoform creatine kinase (CK-MB), prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin I (TNI), and cardiac troponin T (TNT) concentration as markers of EIMD and EICS, respectively. To determine the association between these variables, a stepwise regression analysis was carried out. The dependent variable was defined as EIMD or EICS and the independent variables were defined as the number of servings within each different food group. Results showed that the intake of meat during the previous week was positively associated with post-race CK (Standardized Coefficients (β) = 0.643; p < 0.01) and myoglobin (β = 0.698; p < 0.001). Vegetables were negatively associated the concentration of post-race CK (β = −0.482; p = 0.002). Butter and fatty meat were positively associated with NT-proBNP (β = 0.796; p < 0.001) and TNI (β = 0.396; p < 0.001) post-marathon values. However, fish intake was negatively associated with CK (β = −0.272; p = 0.042), TNI (β = −0.593; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.640; p = 0.002) post-marathon concentration. Olive oil was negatively associated with TNI (β = −0.536; p < 0.001) and TNT (β = −0.415; p = 0.021) values. In conclusion, the consumption of meat, butter, and fatty meat might be associated with higher levels of EIMD and EICS. On the other hand, fish, vegetables, and olive oil might have a protective role against EIMD and EICS. The selection of an adequate diet before a marathon might help to reduce some of the acute burdens associated with marathon races.

Curcumin effects on inflammation and performance recovery following eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. R2168-R2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mark Davis ◽  
E. Angela Murphy ◽  
Martin D. Carmichael ◽  
Mark R. Zielinski ◽  
Claire M. Groschwitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Activity Wheel ◽  
Voluntary Activity ◽  
Running Performance ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Exercise Induced

Downhill running is associated with fiber damage, inflammation, delayed-onset muscle soreness, and various functional deficits. Curcumin, a constituent of the Indian spice turmeric has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity and may offset some of the damage and functional deficits associated with downhill running. This study examined the effects of curcumin on inflammation and recovery of running performance following downhill running in mice. Male mice were assigned to downhill placebo (Down-Plac), downhill curcumin (Down-Cur), uphill placebo (Up-Plac), or uphill curcumin (Up-Cur) groups and run on a treadmill at 22 m/min at −14% or +14% grade, for 150 min. At 48 h or 72 h after the up/downhill run, mice ( experiment 1) underwent a treadmill performance run to fatigue. Another subset of mice was placed in voluntary activity wheel cages following the up/downhill run ( experiment 2) and their voluntary activity (distance, time and peak speed) was recorded. Additional mice ( experiment 3) were killed at 24 h and 48 h following the up/downhill run, and the soleus muscle was harvested for analysis of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and plasma was collected for creatine kinase analysis. Downhill running decreased both treadmill run time to fatigue (48 h and 72 h) and voluntary activity (24 h) ( P < 0.05), and curcumin feedings offset these effects on running performance. Downhill running was also associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines (24 h and 48 h) and creatine kinase (24 h) ( P < 0.05) that were blunted by curcumin feedings. These results support the hypothesis that curcumin can reduce inflammation and offset some of the performance deficits associated with eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage.

scholarly journals Eccentric contractions do not induce rhabdomyolysis in malignant hyperthermia susceptible mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 1542-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin T. Corona ◽  
Clement Rouviere ◽  
Susan L. Hamilton ◽  
Christopher P. Ingalls
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptible ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Isometric Torque ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Edl Muscle

Recent studies suggest a link between exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis and mutations of the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) associated with malignant hyperthermia (MH). We hypothesized that MH-susceptible mice (RYR1Y522S/wt) would exhibit greater anterior crural muscle [tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles] damage and strength deficits following the performance of a single or repeated bouts of eccentric contractions compared with wild-type (WT) mice. After a single injury bout, RYR1Y522S/wt mice produced more isometric torque than WT mice immediately and 3 and 7 days postinjury. Moreover, EDL muscle isometric specific force deficits were fully recovered for RYR1Y522S/wt but not WT mice 14 days postinjury. The percentage of fibers in TA muscle exhibiting signs of muscle damage 7 and 14 days postinjury were at least three times less in RYR1Y522S/wt than in WT mice. Uninjured and injured EDL muscle from RYR1Y522S/wt mice also displayed greater S-glutathionylation of RYR1 than that from WT mice. During the weekly injury bouts, torque production by RYR1Y522S/wt mice was fully recovered before the third and fourth injury bouts, whereas torque was still reduced for WT mice. Three days after multiple injury bouts, there were ∼50% fewer fibers exhibiting signs of muscle damage in RYR1Y522S/wt than in WT TA muscle. These findings indicate that the RYR1Y522S/wt mutation protects skeletal muscle from exercise-induced muscle injury and do not support a direct association between MH susceptibility and contraction-induced rhabdomyolysis when core temperature is maintained at lower physiological temperatures during exercise.

scholarly journals Consumption of An Anthocyanin-Rich Antioxidant Juice Accelerates Recovery of Running Economy and Indirect Markers of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Following Downhill Running

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo C. R. Lima ◽  
Renan V. Barreto ◽  
Natália M. Bassan ◽  
Camila C. Greco ◽  
Benedito S. Denadai
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study examined the effects of anthocyanin-rich antioxidant juice (AJ) on the recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and the running economy (RE) following downhill running (DHR). Thirty healthy young men were randomly divided into two blinded groups and consumed either AJ or placebo (PLA) for nine days (240 mL twice-a-day). On day 5, the participants from both groups ran downhill (−15%) for 30 min at 70% of their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) speeds. The changes in RE (oxygen uptake (VO2) and perceived effort (PE) during 5-min runs at 80%VO2max) and EIMD (isometric peak torque (IPT), muscle soreness (SOR) and serum creatine kinase activity (CK)) were compared over time and between the groups on the 4 days following DHR. VO2 and PE increased (p < 0.05) immediately following DHR for both groups and remained elevated for PLA until 48h post-DHR while fully recovering 24 h post-DHR for AJ. SOR was greater (p < 0.05) for PLA throughout the study. CK increased for both groups and was greater (p < 0.05) for PLA at 96 h post-DHR. IPT decreased for both groups but recovered faster for AJ (72 h) compared to PLA (no full recovery). AJ accelerated recovery of RE and EIMD and should be used in specific contexts, but not chronically.

scholarly journals A single bout of downhill running attenuates subsequent level running-induced fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio de Oliveira Assumpção ◽  
Renan Vieira Barreto ◽  
Leonardo Coelho Rabello de Lima ◽  
Adalgiso Coscrato Cardozo ◽  
Maria Imaculada de Lima Montebelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Loss ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Downhill Running ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Level Running

Abstract Fatigue can be defined as exercise-induced strength loss. During running, fatigue can be partially explained by repetitive low-intensity eccentric contractions-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Previous studies showed that a bout of downhill running (DR) attenuated subsequent EIMD. Thus, we tested if a 30-min DR bout would attenuate fatigue induced by subsequent 60-min level running (LR). Twenty-seven male college students were randomly allocated to an experimental (EXP) or a control (CON) group. All participants performed LR on a treadmill at 70% of the velocity (vVO2peak) corresponding to peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Only EXP performed a 30-min DR (− 15%) on a treadmill at 70% vVO2peak fourteen days before LR. Indirect EIMD markers and neuromuscular function were assessed before, immediately and 48 h after DR and LR. Knee extension isometric peak torque (IPT) decreased (− 36.3 ± 26%, p < 0.05) immediately following DR with full recovery reached 48 h post-DR. Muscle soreness developed (p < 0.05) immediately (37 ± 25 mm) and 48 h (45 ± 26 mm) post-DR. IPT and rate of torque development (RTD) at late phases (> 150 ms) from the onset of muscle contraction decreased significantly (− 10.7 ± 6.1% and from − 15.4 to − 18.7%, respectively) immediately after LR for the CON group and remained below baseline values (− 5.6 ± 8.5% and from − 13.8 to − 14.9%, respectively) 48 h post-LR. However, IPT and late RTD were not significantly affected by LR for the EXP group, showing a group x time interaction effect. We concluded that a single DR bout can be used to attenuate fatigue induced by a LR performed fourteen days after.

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