scholarly journals Voluntary exercise improves metabolic profile in high-fat fed glucocorticoid-treated rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 1331-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline L. Beaudry ◽  
Emily C. Dunford ◽  
Erwan Leclair ◽  
Erin R. Mandel ◽  
Ashley J. Peckett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Diabetes is rapidly induced in young male Sprague-Dawley rats following treatment with exogenous corticosterone (CORT) and a high-fat diet (HFD). Regular exercise alleviates insulin insensitivity and improves pancreatic β-cell function in insulin-resistant/diabetic rodents, but its effect in an animal model of elevated glucocorticoids is unknown. We examined the effect of voluntary exercise (EX) on diabetes development in CORT-HFD-treated male Sprague-Dawley rats (∼6 wk old). Animals were acclimatized to running wheels for 2 wk, then given a HFD, either wax (placebo) or CORT pellets, and split into 4 groups: placebo-sedentary (SED) or -EX and CORT-SED or -EX. After 2 wk of running combined with treatment, CORT-EX animals had reduced visceral adiposity, and increased skeletal muscle type IIb/x fiber area, oxidative capacity, capillary-to-fiber ratio and insulin sensitivity compared with CORT-SED animals (all P < 0.05). Although CORT-EX animals still had fasting hyperglycemia, these values were significantly improved compared with CORT-SED animals (14.3 ± 1.6 vs. 18.8 ± 0.9 mM). In addition, acute in vivo insulin response to an oral glucose challenge was enhanced ∼2-fold in CORT-EX vs. CORT-SED ( P < 0.05) which was further demonstrated ex vivo in isolated islets. We conclude that voluntary wheel running in rats improves, but does not fully normalize, the metabolic profile and skeletal muscle composition of animals administered CORT and HFD.

scholarly journals Maternal Metformin Treatment during Gestation and Lactation Improves Skeletal Muscle Development in Offspring of Rat Dams Fed High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3417
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Cui ◽  
Lin Song ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Shuyuan Hu ◽  
Zhao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Maternal high-fat (HF) diet is associated with offspring metabolic disorder. This study intended to determine whether maternal metformin (MT) administration during gestation and lactation prevents the effect of maternal HF diet on offspring’s skeletal muscle (SM) development and metabolism. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups according to maternal diet {CHOW (11.8% fat) or HF (60% fat)} and MT administration {control (CT) or MT (300 mg/kg/day)} during gestation and lactation: CH-CT, CH-MT, HF-CT, HF-MT. All offspring were weaned on CHOW diet. SM was collected at weaning and 18 weeks in offspring. Maternal metformin reduced plasma insulin, leptin, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in male and female offspring. Maternal metformin increased MyoD expression but decreased Ppargc1a, Drp1 and Mfn2 expression in SM of adult male and female offspring. Decreased MRF4 expression in SM, muscle dysfunction and mitochondrial vacuolization were observed in weaned HF-CT males, while maternal metformin normalized them. Maternal metformin increased AMPK phosphorylation and decreased 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in SM of male and female offspring. Our data demonstrate that maternal metformin during gestation and lactation can potentially overcome the negative effects of perinatal exposure to HF diet in offspring, by altering their myogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics through AMPK/mTOR pathways in SM.

A new obesity-prone, glucose-intolerant rat strain (F.DIO)

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (5) ◽  
pp. R1184-R1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry E. Levin ◽  
Ambrose A. Dunn-Meynell ◽  
Julie E. McMinn ◽  
Michael Alperovich ◽  
Amy Cunningham-Bussel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Response ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Strain ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
F344 Rats ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Previous breeding for the diet-induced obese (DIO) trait from outbred Sprague-Dawley rats produced a substrain with selection characteristics suggesting a polygenic mode of inheritance. To assess this issue further, selectively bred DIO male rats were crossed with obesity-resistant inbred Fischer F344 dams. Male offspring were crossed twice more against female F344 dams. The resultant N3 (F.DIO) rats were then inbred three more times. On low-fat chow, 10-wk-old male and female DIO rats weighed 86 and 59% more than respective F344 rats. By the N3 (F.DIO) generation, they were only 12 and 10% heavier, respectively. After three additional inbreeding cycles, chow-fed F.DIO males had an exaggerated insulin response to oral glucose compared with F344 rats. After 3 wk on a 31% fat (high-energy) diet, male N3 F.DIO rats gained 16-20% more carcass and adipose weight with 98% higher plasma leptin levels, whereas F.DIO females gained 36-54% more carcass and adipose weight with 130% higher leptin levels than comparable F344 rats. After three inbreeding cycles, F.DIO males still gained more weight on high-energy diet and developed a threefold greater insulin response to oral glucose than F344 males. Preservation of the DIO and glucose intolerance traits through successive backcrosses and inbreeding cycles to produce the F.DIO strain lends further support to the idea that they inherited in a polygenic fashion.

Effect of bee bread on some biochemical parameters and skeletal muscle histology of high‐fat diet‐induced obese Sprague‐Dawley rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinedum Eleazu ◽  
Joseph B. Suleiman ◽  
Zaidatul A. Othman ◽  
Zaida Zakaria ◽  
Victor U. Nna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Muscle Histology ◽  
Bee Bread

scholarly journals High Fat, High Sugar Diet and DJOS Bariatric Surgery Influence Plasma Levels of Fetuin-B, Growth Differentiation Factor-15, and Pentraxin 3 in Diet-Induced Obese Sprague–Dawley Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3632
Author(s):  
Jakub Poloczek ◽  
Monika Tarnawska ◽  
Elżbieta Chełmecka ◽  
Piotr Łaszczyca ◽  
Janusz Gumprecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The liver plays a central role in glucose and fatty acid metabolism and acts as an endocrine organ that secretes hepatokines with diverse systemic effects. The study aimed to examine the influence of duodenojejunal omega switch (DJOS) bariatric surgery in combination with different diets on glucose administration parameters and hepatokines levels. After 8 weeks on high fat, high sugar diet (HFS) or control diets (CD), Sprague–Dawley rats underwent DJOS or SHAM (control) surgery. For the next 8 weeks after the surgery, half of DJOS and SHAM-operated animals were kept on the same diet as before, and half had a diet change. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed three times: 8 weeks before and 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Fetuin-B, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plasma levels were analyzed. DJOS surgery had a beneficial effect on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results and the area under the curve (AUCOGTT). The OGTT results depended on the time elapsed after the surgery, the type of diet used, the surgery performed, and the interaction between these factors. DJOS bariatric surgery reduced fetuin-B and GDF15 plasma levels. Interaction between the type of surgery performed and diet used influenced the fetuin-B and PTX-3 plasma levels. A dietary regime is essential to achieve therapeutic and clinical goals after bariatric surgery.

Effect of voluntary wheel running on circadian corticosterone release and on HPA axis responsiveness to restraint stress in Sprague-Dawley rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1867-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiu Fediuc ◽  
Jonathan E. Campbell ◽  
Michael C. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Voluntary Wheel Running ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Voluntary Wheel

Adaptations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to voluntary exercise in rodents are not clear, because most investigations use forced-exercise protocols, which are associated with psychological stress. In the present study, we examined the effects of voluntary wheel running on the circadian corticosterone (Cort) rhythm as well as HPA axis responsiveness to, and recovery from, restraint stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into exercise (E) and sedentary (S) groups, with E rats having 24-h access to running wheels for 5 wk. Circadian plasma Cort levels were measured at the end of each week, except for week 5 when rats were exposed to 20 min of restraint stress, followed by 95 min of recovery. Measurements of glucocorticoid receptor content in the hippocampus and anterior pituitary were performed using Western blotting at the termination of the restraint protocol. In week 1, circadian Cort levels were twofold higher in E compared with S animals, but the levels progressively decreased in the E group throughout the training protocol to reach similar values observed in S by week 4. During restraint stress and recovery, Cort values were similar between E and S, as was glucocorticoid receptor content in the hippocampus and pituitary gland after death. Compared with E, S animals had higher plasma ACTH levels during restraint. Taken together, these data indicate that 5 wk of wheel running are associated with normal circadian Cort activity and normal negative-feedback inhibition of the HPA axis, as well as with increased adrenal sensitivity to ACTH after restraint stress.

The Effects of Maternal High Fat Diet on the Lingual CD36 Lipid Sensors of the Offspring Sprague Dawley Rats

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 154497
Author(s):  
Elif Günalan ◽  
Meyli Ezgi Karagöz ◽  
Bayram Yılmaz ◽  
Burcu Gemici
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Lipid Sensors

scholarly journals Paternal High Fat Diet and Exercise Differentially Regulate Placental Development and Inflammation in a Sex-Specific Manner in C57BL6/J Mice (P19-003-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Larson ◽  
Amy Bundy ◽  
Travis Alvine ◽  
James Roemmich
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Service Project ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Placental Inflammation

Abstract Objectives We have shown that increases in T2D risk in male offspring when the father consumes a high-fat (HF) diet can be normalized when the father also exercises during preconception, and that this protection may occur by epigenetic increases in insulin signaling within offspring skeletal muscle. In our current study, we investigated to determine how paternal HF diet and exercise conditions alter sperm miRNA, fetal weight and placental inflammation. Methods Three-week old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal-fat (NF) diet (16% fat) or a HF diet (45% fat) and assigned to either voluntary wheel running exercise or cage activity for 3 months prior to mating with NF diet fed dams. Sperm samples were collected to determine changes in miRNA that may account for the enhanced offspring skeletal muscle responses that helped normalize paternal HF-induced glucose intolerance. Placentae were collected to determine whether changes in sperm miRNA expression differed by amount of placental inflammation. Results Sperm expression of miRNA 193b increased with paternal HF and exercise. In F1 males, placental and fetal weight decreased with HF diet while, in F1 female, paternal HF and exercise had no effect on placental and fetal weights. Paternal HF diet decreased placental IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in F1 females, while no effects were observed in F1 male placenta. Conclusions Taken together these data suggest that paternal HF diet has a greater impact on placental development of male fetuses while paternal exercise has greater impact on placental inflammation of female fetuses. For both female and male fetuses, these paternal influences are mediated via sperm miRNA 193b. miR-193b is involved in regulation of the cell cycle and adipogenesis but may have additional functions. Thus, the exact role of sperm miRNA 193b in sex-specific epigenetic transmission of paternal HF diet and exercise on placental and fetal development needs further evaluation. Funding Sources USDA Agricultural Research Service Project #3062-51000-052-00D.

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