Hypertension: Genes, Environment, or Both ?

Physiology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
R Di Nicolantonio ◽  
T Imai ◽  
K Murakami ◽  
Y Yamori
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Targeted Drug

Nearly one in five adults in acculturated societies has abnormally high blood pressure. Newly emerging techniques in molecular biology offer the possibility of not only determining the role of genetic factors in its etiology but also identifying early predisposed individuals. A more targeted drug treatment may also follow.

Antihypertensive Drug Treatment and Circadian Blood Pressure Rhythm: A Review of the Role of Chronotherapy in Hypertension

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Schillaci ◽  
Francesca Battista ◽  
Laura Settimi ◽  
Luca Schillaci ◽  
Giacomo Pucci
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug ◽  
Circadian Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Drug Treatment

scholarly journals A Modified Recommended Food Score Is Inversely Associated with High Blood Pressure in Korean Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3479
Author(s):  
Kyuyoung Han ◽  
Yoon Jung Yang ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
Stage 1

Hypertension is associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease and mortality. The interplay between dietary intake—especially sodium intake—and high blood pressure highlights the importance of understanding the role of eating patterns on cardiometabolic risk factors. This study investigates the relationship between a modified version of the Recommended Food Score (RFS) and hypertension in 8389 adults aged 19–64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2015. A dish-based, semi-quantitative, 112-item food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. Modified RFS (mRFS) is based on the reported consumption of foods recommended in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet modified for Korean foods. High blood pressure included hypertension and prehypertension, also known as stage 1 hypertension. Men and women with the highest quintile of mRFS had a 27.2% (OR: 0.728, 95% CI: 0.545–0.971, p-trend = 0.0289) and 32.9% (OR: 0.671, 95% CI: 0.519–0.867, p-trend = 0.0087) lower prevalence of high blood pressure than those with the lowest quintile of mRFS, respectively. Our finding suggests that a higher mRFS may be associated with a lower prevalence of high blood pressure among the Korean adult population.

scholarly journals Effects of Blood Pressure on Cognitive Performance in Aging: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Forte ◽  
Maria Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Cognitive functions play a crucial role in daily functioning. Unfortunately, some cognitive abilities decline in the process of healthy aging. An increasing body of evidence has highlighted the role of lifestyle habits and cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, in increasing the risk of cognitive decline. Surprisingly, although hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for cerebrovascular damage, the role of hypertension on cognitive impairment development is not still clear. Several key questions remain unresolved, and there are many inconsistent results in studies considering this topic. This review is aimed to systematically analyze the results found by the studies that investigated whether high blood pressure, in both hypertensive and healthy people, is related to cognitive performance. Furthermore, it points to evaluate the role of age in this relationship. Method: The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. Restrictions were made, selecting the studies in English and published in peer-review journals, including at least one cognitive measure and blood pressure measurement. Studies that included participants with medical conditions, dementia, psychiatric disorders, strokes, and brain injury were excluded. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were analyzed separately. Finally, blood pressure measured at young life (18–39 years), midlife (age 40–64 years), elderly (65–74 years), and old age (≥75 years) were considered. Results: The review allows 68 studies to be selected, which include 154,935 participants. The results provided evidence of an adverse effect of exposure to high blood pressure on cognitive performance. High blood pressure in midlife was linked with poorer cognitive functioning; this evidence was found in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. However, this association declines with increasing age and tends to become inconsistent. In older people, the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive performance is non-linear, highlighting a beneficial effect of high blood pressure on cognition. Conclusions: Despite some limitations, this review showed that cardiovascular and neuro-cognitive systems do not operate in isolation, but they are related. Blood pressure can be considered an early biomarker of cognitive impairment, and the necessity of early blood pressure measurement and control was underlined.

Elevated Arterial Cyclic AMP Levels during the Onset of Renal Hypertension in Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Exequiel Chatelain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Growth ◽  
Fibrous Protein ◽  
Abnormal Accumulation ◽  
Initiation Of Dna Replication

1. To determine the possible role of arterial cyclic AMP in the pathogenesis of hypertensive vascular hypertrophy and hyperplasia, the changes in the level of this nucleotide were studied during the development of renal hypertension in rats with aortic ligation between the renal arteries. 2. A twofold increase in the cyclic AMP level of the thoracic aorta was observed in 9-day hypertensive rats when compared with sham-operated controls. At this time the total amounts of DNA and collagen were unchanged, although a marked increase in arterial fibrous protein was already present. 3. Arterial cyclic AMP remained significantly elevated in the thoracic aorta of 30-day hypertensive animals. At this time the hypertensive vascular alterations had reached completion as shown by the abnormal accumulation of collagen, DNA and non-fibrous protein. 4. Contrary to the events taking place in the thoracic aorta, a marked decrease in cyclic AMP was present in the abdominal portion, which was protected from high blood pressure by the aortic ligature. in this segment decreased cyclic AMP coexisted with an unchanged collagen content and a diminution in the contents of DNA and non-fibrous protein. 5. Thus a marked increase in arterial cyclic AMP precedes the initiation of DNA replication and collagen accumulation in vascular territories subjected to high blood pressure. These studies suggest the participation of this nucleotide in the vascular growth induced by hypertension.

scholarly journals Approaches to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension in the Light of European Recommendations

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
V. N. Larina ◽  
B. Ya. Bart ◽  
E. A. Vartanian ◽  
E. V. Fedorova ◽  
M. P. Mikhailusova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
European Society ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Ambulatory Bp Monitoring ◽  
Single Pill ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

In this review we present analysis the European recommendations on hypertension – what’s new and what has changed in the tactics of managing patients with arterial hypertension (AH). We compared recommendations on hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of hypertension (ESH) 2018 with European recommendations of previous years. In the updated version of guidelines, it is still recommended to determine AH as blood pressure (BP) ≥140 and / or ≥90 mm Hg; to subdivide BP levels into optimal, normal, and high normal, to classify severity of AH as 3 degrees, and to distinguish separately its isolated systolic form. Values for out-of-office BP remained unchanged, but recommendations emerged concerning wider use of ambulatory BP monitoring and self-measurement of BP. For initial therapy, it was recommended to use two drugs combinations preferably as single pill combinations. An increase of the role of nurses and pharmacists in teaching, supporting patients and controlling hypertension has been noted. This can improve the achievement of target BP and, as a result, reduce the cardiovascular risk. New European recommendations highlight the modern aspects of classification and diagnosis of AH, main stages of screening, and algorithm of drug treatment of AH.

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