scholarly journals Persistent Autobiographical Amnesia: A Case Report

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Repetto ◽  
R. Manenti ◽  
V. Sansone ◽  
M. Cotelli ◽  
D. Perani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

We describe a 47-year-old man who referred to the Emergency Department for sudden global amnesia and left mild motor impairment in the setting of increased arterial blood pressure. The acute episode resolved within 24 hours. Despite general recovery and the apparent transitory nature of the event, a persistent selective impairment in recollecting events from some specific topics of his personal life became apparent. Complete neuropsychological tests one week after the acute onset and 2 months later demonstrated a clear retrograde memory deficit contrasting with the preservation of anterograde memory and learning abilities. One year later, the autobiographic memory deficit was unmodified, except for what had been re-learnt. Brain MRI was normal while H20 brain PET scans demonstrated hypometabolism in the right globus pallidus and putamen after 2 weeks from onset, which was no longer present one year later. The absence of a clear pathomechanism underlying focal amnesia lead us to consider this case as an example of functional retrograde amnesia.

scholarly journals Recovery from Transient Global Amnesia Following Restoration of Hippocampal and Fronto–Cingulate Perfusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Caffarra ◽  
Letizia Concari ◽  
Simona Gardini ◽  
Sabrina Spaggiari ◽  
Francesca Dieci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Global Amnesia ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rcbf Spect ◽  
Subject Comparison

A patient who suffered a transient global amnesia (TGA) attack underwent regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) SPECT imaging and neuropsychological testing in the acute phase, after one month and after one year. Neuropsychological testing in the acute phase showed a pattern of anterograde and retrograde amnesia, whereas memory was within age normal limits at follow up. SPECT data were analysed with a within subject comparison and also compared with those of a group of healthy controls. Within subject comparison between the one month follow up and the acute phase detected increases in rCBF in the hippocampus bilaterally; further rCBF increases in the right hippocampus were detected after one year. Compared to controls, significant hypoperfusion was found in the right precentral, cingulate and medial frontal gyri in the acute phase; after one month significant hypoperfusion was detected in the right precentral and cingulate gyri and the left postcentral gyrus; after one year no significant hypoperfusion appeared. The restoration of memory was paralleled by rCBF increases in the hippocampus and fronto-limbic-parietal cortex; after one year neither significant rCBF differences nor cognitive deficits were detectable. In conclusion, these data indicate that TGA had no long lasting cognitive and neural alterations in this patient.

Haemiballism/haemichorea: an atypical presentation of ischaemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e240439
Author(s):  
Raman Nohria ◽  
Stacey Bennett ◽  
Yasmin Ali O'Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Cerebral Peduncle ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Ct Head ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distressing Condition

A 76-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with acute onset of involuntary movements of the left side of his body. His neurological examination revealed he was oriented only to himself, and aforementioned movements of his left arm and leg. CT head demonstrated old infarcts in his right aspect of his pons and basal ganglia. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was unremarkable. He initially had a normal blood glucose with an elevated anion gap and elevated creatine kinase. Brain MRI showed a small lacunar-type ischaemic infarct within the anteromedial aspect of the right cerebral peduncle, which localised to his haemiballism. To prevent worsening rhabdomyolysis associated with his haemiballism, the primary team initiated both tetrabenazine and diazepam. His movements improved after 1 week of medication therapy. This report discusses a thorough workup for this movement disorder and when to intervene for this distressing condition.

scholarly journals Persistent Retrograde Memory Deficit After Transient Global Amnesia

Cortex ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Roman-Campos ◽  
Charles M. Poser ◽  
Frank B. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Retrograde Memory ◽  
Global Amnesia

scholarly journals Pressure passivity of cerebral mitochondrial metabolism is associated with poor outcome following perinatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhabrata Mitra ◽  
Gemma Bale ◽  
David Highton ◽  
Roxanna Gunny ◽  
Cristina Uria-Avellanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Blood Volume ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Impaired autoregulation after hypoxia-ischaemia has been suggested to contribute further to injury. Thalamic lactate/N-Acetylasperate (Lac/NAA) peak area ratio of > 0.3 on proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is associated with poor neurodevelopment outcome following HIE. Cytochrome-c-oxidase (CCO) plays a central role in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and ATP synthesis. Using a novel broadband NIRS system, we investigated the impact of pressure passivity of cerebral metabolism (CCO), oxygenation (haemoglobin difference (HbD)) and cerebral blood volume (total haemoglobin (HbT)) in 23 term infants following HIE during therapeutic hypothermia (HT). Sixty-minute epochs of data from each infant were studied using wavelet analysis at a mean age of 48 h. Wavelet semblance (a measure of phase difference) was calculated to compare reactivity between mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) with oxCCO, HbD and HbT. OxCCO-MABP semblance correlated with thalamic Lac/NAA ( r = 0.48, p = 0.02). OxCCO-MABP semblance also differed between groups of infants with mild to moderate and severe injury measured using brain MRI score ( p = 0.04), thalamic Lac/NAA ( p = 0.04) and neurodevelopmental outcome at one year ( p = 0.04). Pressure passive changes in cerebral metabolism were associated with injury severity indicated by thalamic Lac/NAA, MRI scores and neurodevelopmental assessment at one year of age.

scholarly journals A Case of Classic Raymond Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nicholas George Zaorsky ◽  
Jin Jun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Abducens Nerve ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Facial Paresis ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

Classic Raymond syndrome consists of ipsilateral abducens impairment, contralateral central facial paresis, and contralateral hemiparesis. However, subsequent clinical observations argued on the presentation of facial involvement. To validate this entity, we present a case of classic Raymond syndrome with contralateral facial paresis. A 50 year-old man experienced acute onset of horizontal diplopia, left mouth drooling and left-sided weakness. Neurological examination showed he had right abducens nerve palsy, left-sided paresis of the lower part of the face and limbs, and left hyperreflexia. A brain MRI showed a subacute infarct in the right mid-pons. The findings were consistent with those of classic Raymond syndrome. To date, only a few cases of Raymond syndrome, commonly without facial involvement, have been reported. Our case is a validation of classic Raymond syndrome with contralateral facial paresis. We propose the concept of two types of Raymond syndrome: (1) the classic type, which may be produced by a lesion in the mid-pons involving the ipsilateral abducens fascicle and undecussated corticofacial and corticospinal fibers; and (2) the common type, which may be produced by a lesion involving the ipsilateral abducens fascicle and undecussated corticospinal fibers but sparing the corticofacial fibers.

Renal Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism in Patient with Myelodysplastic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounia Bendari ◽  
Nouama Bouanani ◽  
Mohamed Amine Khalfaoui ◽  
Maryam Ahnach ◽  
Aziza Laaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
International Prognostic Scoring System ◽  
Renal Infarction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

The myelodysplastic syndrome-myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPNs) are defined by a group of heterogeneous hematological malignancies resulting from stem cell−driven clonal growth of pathological hematopoietic progenitors and ineffective hematopoiesis, they are characterized concomitant myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative signs. Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorders have been considered to have a higher risk of thrombus formation.We report a rare case about a 64 years old Moroccan woman, experienced renal infarction (RI) associated with pulmonary embolism as a complication of a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder.The patient complained of acute-onset severe left flank pain, a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen revealed RI by a large wedge-shaped defect in the right kidney with pulmonary embolism.Biological exam showed deep anemia, the bone marrow aspiration found myelodysplasia.the bone biopsy showed signs of myeloproliferatif disease. The karyotype was normal, BCR-ABL, JAK2, CALR mutations were absents, and MPL mutation was positive. The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) was 0, and the patient was included to the low risk group.Anticoagulation therapy was initiated with heparin to treat RI and pulmonary embolism. Three months later, pulmonary embolism had resolved without the appearance of additional peripheral infarction.This case emphasizes the need to consider myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorders as a cause of infraction renal and pulmonary embolism.

Omental Infarction: A Case Treated with Laparoscopic Surgery

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Bertrand Ng ◽  
Arafat Yasser
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Laparoscopy Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Background History ◽  
The Right

Omental infarct is a rare cause of an acute abdomen that arises from an interruption of blood supply to the omentum. Here, we present a case of omental infarct in a 67-year-old gentleman with background history of diabetes mellitus who present unusually with a severe acute onset right hypochondrium pain. Examination revealed that he was tender to touch at the right and was having localized guarding. His inflammatory markers were normal. He was successfully treated with laparoscopy surgery and he was subsequently discharged the following day. Omental infarct cases with right hypochondrium pain can sometimes mimicked acute cholecystitis and management includes laparoscopic surgery which can hasten symptoms resolution and reduces hospital stay, however recommendation for surgery has to be balanced with anesthetics risk and complication of the surgery itself.

scholarly journals Gasperini Syndrome: A Case Report and Systematic Review and Proposing a New Definition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439
Author(s):  
Riwaj Bhagat ◽  
Siddharth Narayanan ◽  
Marwa Elnazeir ◽  
Thong Diep Pham ◽  
Robert Paul Friedland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Brainstem Stroke ◽  
Neurological Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Core Features

Gasperini syndrome (GS), a rare brainstem syndrome, is featured by ipsilateral cranial nerves (CN) V–VIII dysfunction with contralateral hemibody hypoesthesia. While there have been 18 reported cases, the GS definition remains ambiguous. We report a new case and reviewed the clinical features of this syndrome from all published reports to propose a new definition. A 57-year-old man with acute brainstem stroke had right CN V–VIII and XII palsies, left body hypoesthesia and ataxia. Brain MRI showed an acute stroke in the right caudal pons and bilateral cerebellum. After a systematic review, we classified the clinical manifestations into core and associate features based on the frequencies of occurring neurological deficits. We propose that a definitive GS requires the presence of ipsilateral CN VI and VII palsies, plus one or more of the other three core features (ipsilateral CN V, VIII palsies and contralateral hemibody hemihypalgesia). Additionally, GS, similar to Wallenberg’s syndrome, represents a spectrum that can have other associated neurological features. The revised definition presented in this study may enlighten physicians with the immediate recognition of the syndrome and help improve clinical localization of the lesions and its management.

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