scholarly journals The Synchronized Peer-to-Peer Framework and Distributed Contention-Free Medium Access for Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khayyat ◽  
Ahmed Safwat
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Free Access

IEEE 802.15.4 is a low-power, low-rate MAC/PHY standard that meets most of the stringent requirements of singlehop wireless sensor networks. Sensor networks with nodal populations composed of thousands of devices have been envisioned in conjunction with environmental, vehicular, military applications, and many others. However, such large sensor network deployments necessitate multihop support as well as low power consumption. In the light of the standard's extremely limited joint support of the two aforementioned attributes, this paper presents two essential contributions. First, a framework is proposed to implement a new IEEE 802.15.4 operating mode, namely, thesynchronized peer-to-peermode. This mode is designed to enable the standard's low-power features in peer-to-peer multihop-ready topologies. The second contribution is a distributed GTS(dGTS)management scheme designed to function in the newly devised network mode. This protocol provides reliable contention-free access in peer-to-peer topologies in a completely distributed manner. Assuming optimal routing, our simulation experiments reveal perfect delivery ratios as long as the traffic load does not reach or surpass its saturation threshold. dGTS sustains at least twice the delivery ratio of contention-based access under suboptimal dynamic routing. Moreover, the dGTS scheme exhibits minimum power consumption by eliminating the retransmissions attributed to contention, which, in turn, reduces the number of transmissions to a minimum.

scholarly journals IEEE 802.15.4 Modifications and Their Impact

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Goyal ◽  
W. Xie ◽  
H. Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Modeling And Simulations

IEEE 802.15.4 is a popular choice for MAC/PHY protocols in low power and low data rate wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we suggest several modifications to beaconless IEEE 802.15.4 MAC operation and evaluate their impact on the performance via stochastic modeling and simulations. We found that the utility of these modifications is strongly dependent on the traffic load on the network. Accordingly, we make recommendations regarding how these modifications should be used in view of the prevalent traffic load on the network.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Low-Power Radio Operation in Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Amiri Nasab ◽  
Shahaboddin Shamshirband ◽  
Anthony Theodore Chronopoulos ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Narjes Nabipur
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Duty Cycles

The radio operation in wireless sensor networks (WSN) in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications are the most common source for power consumption. However, recognizing and controlling the factors affecting radio operation can be valuable for managing the node power consumption. ContikiMAC is a low-power Radio Duty-Cycle protocol in Contiki OS used in WakeUp mode, which is a clear channel assessment (CCA) to check radio status periodically. The time spent to check the radio is of utmost importance for monitoring power consumption. It can lead to false WakeUp or idle listening in Radio Duty-Cycles and ContikiMAC. This paper presents a detailed analysis of radio WakeUp time factors of ContikiMAC. Then, we propose lightweight CCA (LW-CCA) as an extension to ContikiMAC to reduce the percentage of Radio Duty-Cycles in false WakeUps and idle listenings by using dynamic received signal strength indicators (RSSI) status check time. The simulation results in the Cooja simulator show that LW-CCA reduces about 8% energy consumption in nodes while maintaining up to 99% of the packet delivery rate (PDR).

PECA

2014 ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Maytham Safar ◽  
Hasan Al-Hamadi ◽  
Dariush Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
The Self ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Power Efficient

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged in many applications as a platform to collect data and monitor a specified area with minimal human intervention. The initial deployment of WSN sensors forms a network that consists of randomly distributed devices/nodes in a known space. Advancements have been made in low-power micro-electronic circuits, which have allowed WSN to be a feasible platform for many applications. However, there are two major concerns that govern the efficiency, availability, and functionality of the network—power consumption and fault tolerance. This paper introduces a new algorithm called Power Efficient Cluster Algorithm (PECA). The proposed algorithm reduces the power consumption required to setup the network. This is accomplished by effectively reducing the total number of radio transmission required in the network setup (deployment) phase. As a fault tolerance approach, the algorithm stores information about each node for easier recovery of the network should any node fail. The proposed algorithm is compared with the Self Organizing Sensor (SOS) algorithm; results show that PECA consumes significantly less power than SOS.

Sequential Beacon Scheduling Mechanism for Cluster-Tree WSNs

2012 ◽  
Vol 263-266 ◽  
pp. 932-938
Author(s):  
Hao Ru Su ◽  
Zhi Guo Shi ◽  
Zhi Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Cluster Tree ◽  
Collision Problem ◽  
Interference Range ◽  
Scheduling Mechanisms ◽  
Simulation Results

To solve the beacon collision problem in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee cluster-tree Wireless Sensor Networks, we proposed a Sequential Beacon Scheduling (SBS) mechanism. In this mechanism, the Cluster Headers (CHs) choose the beacon transmission time in a certain order. The CH which finishes the sequence chosen sends out control frame to inform other CHs in its interference range. The simulation results indicate that SBS general has better delivery ratio, latency, and throughput than three other beacon scheduling mechanisms.

Load-Balanced Low-Power Routing Algorithm Design for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 3641-3644
Author(s):  
Bo He
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Algorithm Design ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Load Balanced

Low-power wireless sensor networks (WSNs) design involves all aspects of research in wireless sensor networks. As energy is limited in wireless sensor networks, how to effectively manage and use energy of WSNs, and how to maximize the reduction of power consumption in WSNs and extend the lifetime of WSNs become a key problem faced by wireless sensor networks. Aimed at these problems, a low-power clustering routing algorithm based on load-balanced is proposed. The algorithm introduced an energy load factor to reduce the power consumption of WSNs. The simulation results show that the low-power routing algorithm can effectively reduce power consumption of networks and extend the lifetime of networks.

scholarly journals An efficient networking solution for extending and controlling wireless sensor networks using low-energy technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e780
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ibrahim Labib ◽  
Mohamed ElGazzar ◽  
Atef Ghalwash ◽  
Sarah Nabil AbdulKader
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Energy Technologies

Wireless sensor networks connect a set of highly flexible wireless devices with small weight and size. They are used to monitor and control the environment by organizing the acquired data at a central device. Constructing fully connected networks using low power consumption sensors, devices, and protocols is one of the main challenges facing wireless sensor networks, especially in places where it is difficult to establish wireless networks in a normal way, such as military areas, archaeological sites, agricultural districts, construction sites, and so on. This paper proposes an approach for constructing and extending Bi-Directional mesh networks using low power consumption technologies inside various indoors and outdoors architectures called “an adaptable Spider-Mesh topology”. The use of ESP-NOW protocol as a communication technology added an advantage of longer communication distance versus a slight increase of consumed power. It provides 15 times longer distance compared to BLE protocol while consuming only twice as much power. Therefore, according to our theoretical and experimental comparisons, the proposed approach could provide higher network coverage while maintaining an acceptable level of power consumption.

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