scholarly journals A Novel Flow-Perfusion Bioreactor Supports 3D Dynamic Cell Culture

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Sailon ◽  
Alexander C. Allori ◽  
Edward H. Davidson ◽  
Derek D. Reformat ◽  
Robert J. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Perfusion Bioreactor ◽  
Peripheral Cell ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Flow Perfusion ◽  
Flow Perfusion Bioreactor

Background. Bone engineering requires thicker three-dimensional constructs than the maximum thickness supported by standard cell-culture techniques (2 mm). A flow-perfusion bioreactor was developed to provide chemotransportation to thick (6 mm) scaffolds.Methods. Polyurethane scaffolds, seeded with murine preosteoblasts, were loaded into a novel bioreactor. Control scaffolds remained in static culture. Samples were harvested at days 2, 4, 6, and 8 and analyzed for cellular distribution, viability, metabolic activity, and density at the periphery and core.Results. By day 8, static scaffolds had a periphery cell density of , while in the core it was . Flow-perfused scaffolds demonstrated peripheral cell density of and core density of at day 8.Conclusions. Flow perfusion provides chemotransportation to thick scaffolds. This system may permit high throughput study of 3D tissues in vitro and enable prefabrication of biological constructs large enough to solve clinical problems.

Imitating Hypoxia and Tumor Microenvironment with Immune Evasion by Employing Three Dimensional in vitro Cellular Models: Impressive Tool in Drug Discovery

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Kumar Ray ◽  
Sukhes Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Hypoxic Tumor

: The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment is exceptionally perplexing and not wholly comprehended. Different multifaceted alignments lead to the generation of oxygen destitute situations within the tumor niche that modulate numerous intrinsic tumor microenvironments. Disentangling these communications is vital for scheming practical therapeutic approaches that can successfully decrease tumor allied chemotherapy resistance by utilizing the innate capability of the immune system. Several research groups have concerned with a protruding role for oxygen metabolism along with hypoxia in the immunity of healthy tissue. Hypoxia in addition to hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in the tumor microenvironment plays an important part in tumor progression and endurance. Although numerous hypoxia-focused therapies have shown promising outcomes both in vitro and in vivo these outcomes have not effectively translated into clinical preliminaries. Distinctive cell culture techniques have utilized as an in vitro model for tumor niche along with tumor microenvironment and proficient in more precisely recreating tumor genomic profiles as well as envisaging therapeutic response. To study the dynamics of tumor immune evasion, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures are more physiologically important to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Recent research has revealed new information and insights into our fundamental understanding of immune systems, as well as novel results that have been established as potential therapeutic targets. There are a lot of patented 3D cell culture techniques which will be highlighted in this review. At present notable 3D cell culture procedures in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, discourse open doors to accommodate both drug repurposing, advancement, and divulgence of new medications and will deliberate the 3D cell culture methods into standard prescription disclosure especially in the field of cancer biology which will be discussing here.

scholarly journals In Vitro Lung Models and Their Application to Study SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis and Disease

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Natalie Heinen ◽  
Mara Klöhn ◽  
Eike Steinmann ◽  
Stephanie Pfaender
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
Drug Efficiency

SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the globe with an astonishing velocity and lethality that has put scientist and pharmaceutical companies worldwide on the spot to develop novel treatment options and reliable vaccination for billions of people. To combat its associated disease COVID-19 and potentially newly emerging coronaviruses, numerous pre-clinical cell culture techniques have progressively been used, which allow the study of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, basic replication mechanisms, and drug efficiency in the most authentic context. Hence, this review was designed to summarize and discuss currently used in vitro and ex vivo cell culture systems and will illustrate how these systems will help us to face the challenges imposed by the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

scholarly journals Vessel-on-a-chip models for studying microvascular physiology, transport, and function in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savannah R. Moses ◽  
Jonathan J. Adorno ◽  
Andre F. Palmer ◽  
Jonathan W. Song
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Microscale Flow ◽  
Flow Phenomena ◽  
Defined Culture ◽  
And Function

To understand how the microvasculature grows and remodels, researchers require reproducible systems that emulate the function of living tissue. Innovative contributions toward fulfilling this important need have been made by engineered microvessels assembled in vitro using microfabrication techniques. Microfabricated vessels, commonly referred to as "vessels on a chip," are from a class of cell culture technologies that uniquely integrate microscale flow phenomena, tissue-level biomolecular transport, cell-cell interactions, and proper 3-D extracellular matrix environments under well-defined culture conditions. Here, we discuss the enabling attributes of microfabricated vessels that make these models more physiological compared to established cell culture techniques, and the potential of these models for advancing microvascular research. This review highlights the key features of microvascular transport and physiology, critically discusses the strengths and limitations of different microfabrication strategies for studying the microvasculature, and provides a perspective on current challenges and future opportunities for vessel on a chip models.

scholarly journals A method to culture human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines as rhabdospheres demonstrates an enrichment in stemness and notch signaling

Biology Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. bio.050211
Author(s):  
Katherine K. Slemmons ◽  
Michael D. Deel ◽  
Yi-Tzu Lin ◽  
Kristianne M. Oristian ◽  
Nina Kuprasertkul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Notch Signaling Pathway ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Practical Tool

The development of three-dimensional cell culture techniques has allowed cancer researchers to study the stemness properties of cancer cells in in vitro culture. However, a method to grow PAX3-FOXO1 fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS) - an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma of childhood - has to date not been reported, hampering efforts to identify the dysregulated signaling pathways that underlie FP-RMS stemness. Here, we first examine the expression of canonical stem cell markers in human RMS tumors and cell lines. We then describe a method to grow FP-RMS cell lines as rhabdospheres and demonstrate that these spheres are enriched in expression of canonical stemness factors as well as Notch signaling components. Specifically, FP-RMS rhabdospheres have increased expression of SOX2, POU5F1 (OCT4), and NANOG, and several receptors and transcriptional regulators in the Notch signaling pathway. FP-RMS rhabdospheres also exhibit functional stemness characteristics including multipotency, increased tumorigenicity in vivo, and chemoresistance. This method provides a novel practical tool to support research into FP-RMS stemness and chemoresistance signaling mechanisms.

scholarly journals 3D Cell Technology in Biomedical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Katarina Mišković Špoljarić ◽  
Marijana Jukić ◽  
Teuta Opačak-Bernardi ◽  
Ljubica Glavaš-Obrovac
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Monolayer Culture ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques

Traditional two dimensional cell culture has enabled great strides in biomedicine but needs to be improved to be able to keep up with the demands of modern biomedical research. 2D monolayer culture cannot replicate tissue responses and needs to be supplemented with extensive animal research. Growing cells in three dimensional scaffolds provides a more functional model for biomedical research than traditional monolayer culture. Depending on the needs and the complexity of the model there are several ways that 3D models can be initiated. Simple spheroids can be grown in low adherence plates and in hanging drops while larger spheroids and co-cultured ones need to be grown in systems with greater support such as hydro gels. The system that offers the greatest flexibility is the magnetic levitation approach. In the paper we offer a brief resume to various 3D methods and their characteristics to ease the choice of methods for implementing 3D cell culture techniques.

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