Arnica/Hydroxyethyl Salicylate Combination Spray for Ankle Distortion: A Four-Arm Randomised Double-Blind Study

570 patients with acute ankle joint distortion were randomized to four treatment groups: a combination spray of arnica tincture and hydroxyethyl salicylate (HES; group A, ), arnica (B, ), HES (C, ), and placebo (D, ). The medication was applied 4-5 times daily for 10 days. Efficacy was assessed on day 3-4 by evaluating pain on motion on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain improvement in group A was significantly superior over groups B–D (-test with unadjusted baseline values, and ANCOVA after adjustment, ) and approximately corresponded to the cumulative effect of the single constituents (12.1, 7.5, and 18.7 mm VAS for A versus B, A versus C, and A versus D; 95% CI 8.0–16.2, 4.7–10.4, and 14.8–22.5 mm). The combination is justified by the additive effects of the single active constituents.

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The Effect of Three Desensitizing Agents on Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized, Split-mouth Clinical Trial

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/13-057 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. E186-E194 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

CRG Torres ◽

TM Silva ◽

BM Fonseca ◽

ALLS Sales ◽

P Holleben ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Tactile Stimulus ◽

Multiple Comparisons ◽

Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Desensitizing Agents ◽

Baseline Values

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three desensitizing agents to provide relief to dentin hypersensitivity after one session in a four-week follow-up. Forty selected patients participated in a double-blind study following a split-mouth model. One application of the desensitizing agents (A, Admira Protect [Voco]; B, Bifluorid 12 [Voco]; and C, Colgate Pro-Relief in office [Colgate Palmolive]) was performed in three different quadrants for each patient. Each tooth was evaluated by tactile and evaporative stimuli, and the sensitivity response was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline, immediately after treatment, and after one, two, three, and four weeks. The application of Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn multiple comparisons tests (5%) for both tactile and evaporative stimuli showed that all agents presented a significant desensitizing effect. In groups A and B this relief was maintained for four and three weeks, respectively, as measured by tactile stimulus and for four weeks with evaporative stimulus. The desensitizing effect for group C was maintained for two weeks for both tactile and evaporative stimuli. It is concluded that all desensitizing agents tested were effective in reducing sensitivity compared to baseline values. One application of Admira Protect and Bifluorid 12 presented a longer-lasting desensitizing effect than did Colgate Pro-Relief (applied in the office) on both tactile and evaporative stimuli.

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Fibreoptic intubation in ankylosing spondylitis patients

MedPulse International Journal of Anesthesology ◽

10.26611/10151914 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 17-20

Author(s):

Raghu K C ◽

◽

Nagesh R ◽

Viswash G K ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Difficult Airway ◽

Fibreoptic Intubation ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Group A

Background: Ankylosing spondylytes is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation in spines and spinal arthritis with a complex polygenic aetiology. The disease is more common in young males and risk factors include both genetic and environmental. Anesthesia management for ankylosing spondylitis is a challenge due to management of difficult airway, respiratory and cardiovascular complications, as well as the medications for disease and pain control. Both airway management and neuraxial access may prove to be difficult. Awake fibreoptic intubation is the safest option (²) in these patients with a potentially difficult airway as it allows continuous neurological monitoring while achieving a difficult airway. Methods: This is a Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study conducted in Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences; Total 70 Patients (Group A – 35, Group A – 35). All the subjects included after informed consent, blood samples and urine samples are collected from the all the subjects. Hb, RBCs, WBCs and Platelets was measured by laboratory standard methods. Along with Chest X- ray and ECG-for patients over 40 years of age. Results: This study was evaluated that in ankylosing spondylitis cases most of the physicians prefer to give general anaesthesia because to prevent trauma to the spinal cord but in these cases spine and surrounding tissues also it will involve at that time for maintain airway to the patient is challenge to the physicians by using fibreoptic intubation is good way to approach and maintain airway to the ankylosing patients. Conclusion: In this study suggest that in ankylosing spondylitis patients during surgery in place of tracheal intubation fibreoptic intubation is the best way to maintain airway to the patients and also we can prevent spinal cord damage.

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Effect of Clarithromycin on Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Atherosclerosis

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.10.4.525-528.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 525-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hans F. Berg ◽

Boulos Maraha ◽

Gert-Jan Scheffer ◽

Marcel F. Peeters ◽

Jan A. J. W. Kluytmans

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Factor Alpha ◽

Artery Disease

ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis can to a certain extent be regarded as an inflammatory disease. Also, inflammatory markers may provide information about cardiovascular risk. Whether macrolide antibiotics, especially clarithromycin, have an anti-inflammatory effect in patients with atherosclerosis is not exactly known. To study this phenomenon, a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study was performed. A total of 231 patients with documented coronary artery disease received a daily dose of either 500 mg of slow-release clarithromycin or placebo until the day of surgery. Levels of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-2 receptor [IL-2R], IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) were assessed during the preoperative outpatient visit, on the day of surgery, and 8 weeks after surgery. Also, changes in the levels of inflammatory markers between visits were determined by delta calculations. Baseline patient characteristics were balanced between the two treatment groups: the average age was 66 years (standard deviation [SD] = 9.0), 79% of the patients were male, and the average number of tablets used was 16 (SD = 9.3). The inflammatory markers of the groups as well as the delta calculations were not significantly changed. Treatment with clarithromycin did not influence the inflammatory markers in patients with atherosclerosis.

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The role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery- A randomized double blind study

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia ◽

10.18231/j.ijca.2021.059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 321-325

Author(s):

Dinesh Kumar Singh ◽

B B Baj ◽

Vipin Goyal

Keyword(s):

Transurethral Resection ◽

Blind Study ◽

Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

The aim of our study to determine the role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate surgery. This is randomized double-blind study conducted in 60 ASA grade status 1 and 2 patients age group between 45-80 yrs undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia in urology operation theatre in Mahatma Gandhi hospital Jaipur after receiving permission from hospital ethical committee. A detailed history, complete physical examination and routine investigation were done for all patients followed by informed written consent was obtained. Patients are randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A -30 patients who received orally tab tolvaptan 15 mg and group B-30 patients who received orally tab multivitamin 2 hrs before surgery after doing electrolytes of the patients in the morning. In both groups age (in yrs), wt (in kg), ASA grade, volume of irrigating fluid (in litres), volume of prostate resected (in gm) and duration of surgery (in minutes) all demographic and surgical details data were compared. Electrolytes were compared in both groups pre and post-operatively and statistical analysis was done.There was significant difference in post-operative sodium level between the two groups (A and B). The mean level of sodium significantly reduced post-operatively in group –B (control grp). The mean level of sodium significantly increased post-operatively in group –A (tolvaptan grp). We conclude single dose of tolvaptan -15 mg found to effective in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TURP.

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A Double-Blind Study Comparing the Effectiveness of Cromolyn Sodium and Sustained-Release Theophylline in Childhood Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.74.4.453 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 453-459

Author(s):

Clifton T. Furukawa ◽

Gail G. Shapiro ◽

C. Warren Bierman ◽

Michael J. Kraemer ◽

Daniel J. Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cromolyn Sodium ◽

Base Line ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Office Visits ◽

Double Blind ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Asthma In Children

The effectiveness of cromolyn sodium and theophylline on asthma in children was compared during a 3-month trial. Forty-six children (aged 5 to 15 years) with asthma were assigned at random to cromolyn or theophylline (Theo-Dur) treatment groups. Each subject received theophylline placebo or cromolyn placebo in addition to the active drugs. A methacholine challenge test was done at the start of the study to document asthma and was repeated during the third month. The theophylline dosage was regulated to obtain serum levels of 10 to 15 µg/mL by a physician not involved directly with patient care. Forty patients completed the study. Both theophylline and cromolyn treatment groups showed improvement from base-line status in terms of symptom scores, pulmonary function, and decreased use of inhaled albuterol. Patients treated with theophylline had more side effects and required more frequent office visits than those treated with cromolyn. Both groups had decreased sensitivity to methacholine, and for one statistical test patients treated with cromolyn improved significantly. These results indicate that cromolyn is as effective as theophylline in treating mild to moderate asthma in children; additional benefits were fewer side effects and a possible decrease in bronchial hyperactivity.

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Use of Warm Local Anaesthetic Solution for Caudal Blocks

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x9202000409 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 453-455 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

E. T. M. Lim ◽

K. Y. Chong ◽

B. Singh ◽

W. Jong

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Local Anaesthetic ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Anaesthetic Solution ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Local Anaesthetic Solution ◽

Speed Of Onset

A double-blind study was undertaken to investigate the effect of prewarmed local anaesthetic solution on the latency of onset of caudal blocks. Forty-four (ASA I-II) patients were allocated into two equal groups. In Group A, the local anaesthetic solutions were injected at room temperature (25°C), while in Group B, they were injected at 37°C. All the caudal blocks were performed using 20 ml of lignocaine 1.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000. The speed of onset of perianal analgesia was found to be significantly faster (39%) with the prewarmed local anaesthetic solution (P < 0.05). No adverse effects were observed.

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EMLA Cream Prior to Insertion of Elective Epidurals

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x9502300311 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 339-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. A. Elson ◽

M. J. Paech

Keyword(s):

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Needle Insertion ◽

Patient Comfort ◽

Epidural Needle ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Emla Cream ◽

Skin Infiltration ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

A randomized double-blind study was conducted in 83 women scheduled for elective caesarean section to determine the efficacy of EMLA and lignocaine infiltration for epidural insertion. The patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups: Group A (EM/LIG) received EMLA and intradermal and subdermal 1% lignocaine infiltration, Group B (EM/SAL) EMLA and saline while Group C (PL/LIG) received placebo cream and 1% lignocaine. Assessments using a 100 mm pain score were performed on skin infiltration and after subsequent insertion of a 16 gauge Tuohy needle into the supraspinous ligament. Skin changes under the applied cream and nursing rating of patients’ response were also noted. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's Exact Tests. Groups were comparable for age, weight, parity and EMLA application time (interquartile range 105-150 minutes) There were significantly higher pain scores for skin infiltration in Group C (PL/LIG) (P<0.01) and for epidural needle insertion in Group B (EM/SAL) (P<0.05). We concluded that in this patient population, the application of EMLA cream for at least 90 minutes plus 1% lignocaine infiltration optimized patient comfort for epidural insertion.

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A Double-Blind Randomized Prospective Study Comparing Ondansetron with Droperidol in the Prevention of Emesis following Strabismus Surgery

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x9502300404 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 438-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

A. Davis ◽

S. Krige ◽

D. Moyes

Keyword(s):

Recovery Time ◽

Strabismus Surgery ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Oral Fluids ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B ◽

To Receive ◽

Mean Time

A prospective double-blind study was conducted to compare the anti-emetic efficacy of ondansetron and droperidol in preventing postoperative emesis following strabismus surgery. A sample size of 213 patients was divided into three equal groups to receive ondansetron 150 μg/kg (Group A), ondansetron 75 μg/kg (Group B), or droperidol 75 fig/kg (Group C). All patients received a standardized anaesthetic technique. All episodes of emesis, recovery time, and time to tolerating oral fluids were recorded. The incidence of emesis during 24 hours was Groups A and B 19.7%, and Group C 28.2%. The lower incidence of emesis recorded by the ondansetron groups compared with the droperidol group was not statistically significant. Ondansetron at 75 μg/kg was as effective as 150 μg/kg in reducing emesis when compared with droperidol. Mean time to discharge from the recovery room was 75.3 minutes (Group A), 44.4 minutes (Group B), and 41.0 minutes (Group C). The mean time to tolerating oral fluids was 356.5 minutes (Group A), 402.8 minutes (Group B), and 378.1 minutes (Group C). There was no statistical difference in discharge times from recovery or time to tolerating oral fluids in any of the three groups.

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Effects of Catheter Tip Location on the Spread of Sensory Block Caused by a Continuous Thoracic Paravertebral Block: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/1051629 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takayuki Yoshida ◽

Yoshiko Watanabe ◽

Takeshi Hashimoto ◽

Atsushi Ohta ◽

Tatsuo Nakamoto

Keyword(s):

Sensory Block ◽

Paravertebral Block ◽

Posterior Region ◽

Anterior Region ◽

Parietal Pleura ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Paravertebral Space ◽

Double Blind ◽

Thoracic Paravertebral Block ◽

Group A

Single injections in the anterior region of the thoracic paravertebral space (TPVS) have been reported to generate a multisegmental longitudinal spreading pattern more frequently than those in the posterior region of the TPVS. In this trial, we examined the hypothesis that a continuous thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) administered through a catheter inserted into the anterior region of the TPVS allows a wider sensory block dispersion. Fifty consecutive patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery were enrolled. Before the surgery, an infusion catheter was inserted into the TPVS through a needle placed adjacent to either the parietal pleura (group A) or internal intercostal membrane (group P) using an ultrasound-guided intercostal transverse approach according to a randomized allocation schedule. A chest radiograph was obtained postoperatively after injection of 10 mL of radiopaque dye through the catheter. Thereafter, 20 mL of 0.375% levobupivacaine was injected via the catheter, followed by commencement of continuous TPVB with 0.25% levobupivacaine at 8 mL/h. The primary outcome was the number of blocked dermatomes at 24 h after surgery. The secondary outcomes included radiopaque dye spreading patterns, the number of segments reached by the radiopaque dye, the number of blocked dermatomes at 2 h after surgery, and pain scores. The median (interquartile range [range]) number of blocked dermatomes 24 h after surgery was 3 (2.75–4 [1–6]) in group A (n = 22) and 2 (1.5–3 [0–7]) in group P (n = 25; p = 0.037). No significant differences in the other outcomes were found between the groups. In conclusion, a continuous TPVB administered using a catheter supposedly inserted into the anterior region of the TPVS allows a wider sensory block dispersion than a catheter inserted into the posterior region of the TPVS. This trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000018578).

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Safety and Efficacy of Repeat Open-Label AbobotulinumtoxinA Treatment in Pediatric Cerebral Palsy

Journal of Child Neurology ◽

10.1177/0883073817729918 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (13) ◽

pp. 1058-1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mauricio R. Delgado ◽

Marcin Bonikowski ◽

Jorge Carranza ◽

Edward Dabrowski ◽

Dennis Matthews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Goal Attainment ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Open Label ◽

Double Blind ◽

Childhood Infections ◽

Limb Spasticity ◽

Goal Attainment Scale

This was a prospective, repeat-treatment, open-label study (NCT01251380) of abobotulinumtoxinA for the management of lower limb spasticity in children who had completed a double-blind study. Children (2-17 years) received injections into the gastrocnemius-soleus complex, and other distal and proximal muscles as required (maximum total dose per injection cycle: 30 U/kg or 1000U). A total of 216 of the 241 double-blind patients entered the extension study and 207 received ≥1 open label injection into the gastrocnemius-soleus; 17-24% of patients also had injections into the hamstrings. The most frequent adverse events were related to common childhood infections and the most frequent treatment-related adverse event was injection site pain (n = 10). There was no evidence of a cumulative effect on adverse events. Sustained significant clinical improvements in muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale), spasticity (Tardieu Scale), overall clinical benefit (Physicians Global Assessment), and goal attainment (Goal Attainment Scale) were also observed across treatment cycles.

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