Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in African American Individuals

Objective. To examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a group of African American individuals.Design. A nonrandom sample of 253 (age 43.7 ± 11.6 years; 37% male) African American individuals was recruited by advertisements. Data were obtained by validated questionnaires, anthropometric, blood pressure, and blood sample measurements.Results. Regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between depressive symptoms and CVD risk factors controlling for socioeconomic status indicators. These analyses demonstrated that those with higher levels of depressive symptoms had larger waist-to-hip ratios, higher percent body fat, higher triglycerides, and were more likely to be smokers.Conclusions. It has been well documented that higher levels of depressive symptoms are associated with higher CVD risk. However, this evidence is derived primarily from samples of predominantly Caucasian individuals. The present investigation demonstrates that depressive symptoms are related to CVD risk factors in African American individuals.

Download Full-text

Determining the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Knowledge and Related Factors Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211046441 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110464

Author(s):

Emine Karaman ◽

Aslı Kalkım ◽

Banu Pınar Şarer Yürekli

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Related Factors

In this study was to determine knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and to explore related factors among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who have not been diagnosed with CVD. This descriptive study was conducted with 175 adults. Data were collected individual identification form and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL) scale. A negative correlation was found between age and CARRF-KL score. A significant difference was found between educational status and CARRF-KL score. The individuals described their health status as good, managed their condition with diet and exercise, received information from nurses, adults with DM in their family and those with no DM complications had significantly higher scores in CARRF-KL. The knowledge of an individual with DM about CVD risk factors should be assessed, CVD risks should be identified at an early stage, and individuals at risk should be subjected to screening.

Download Full-text

Circulating Proangiogenic Cell Activity Is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1177/1087057112454919 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 1163-1170 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kreton Mavromatis ◽

Konstantinos Aznaouridis ◽

Ibhar Al Mheid ◽

Emir Veledar ◽

Saurabh Dhawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

The Relationship

Vascular injury mobilizes bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cells into the circulation, where these cells can facilitate vascular repair and new vessel formation. We sought to determine the relationship between a new biomarker of circulating bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cell activity, the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors, and clinical outcomes. Circulating proangiogenic cell activity was estimated using a reproducible angiogenic colony-forming unit (CFU-A) assay in 532 clinically stable subjects aged 20 to 90 years and ranging in the CVD risk spectrum from those who are healthy without risk factors to those with active CVD. CFU-A counts increased with the burden of CVD risk factors ( p < 0.001). CFU-A counts were higher in subjects with symptomatic CVD than in those without ( p < 0.001). During follow-up of 232 subjects with CVD, CFU-A counts were higher in those with death, myocardial infarction, or stroke than in those without (110 [70–173] vs 84 [51–136], p = 0.01). Therefore, we conclude that circulating proangiogenic cell activity, as estimated by CFU-A counts, increases with CVD risk factor burden and in the presence of established CVD. Furthermore, higher circulating proangiogenic cell activity is associated with worse clinical outcome in those with CVD.

Download Full-text

Dinner consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors among a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the CASPIAN-III Study

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.15171/jcvtr.2019.24 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 138-146

Author(s):

Leila Azadbakht ◽

Fahime Akbari ◽

Mostafa Qorbani ◽

Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽

Gelayol Ardalan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Representative Sample ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nationally Representative

Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and dinner consumption in a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents. Methods: The present study was conducted on 5642 adolescents aged 10-18 years old in 27 provinces in Iran. The subjects were included applying by multistage random cluster sampling. Participants who ate ≥5 dinners during a week were considered as a dinner consumer. Results: Among 5642 subjects, 1412 (25%) did not consume dinner. Dinner consumers were less likely to be overweight or obese (P < 0.001) and abdominally obese (P < 0.001) as well as to have an abnormal level of HDL-C (P = 0.02). Dinner skipper youths had a higher risk for overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.39-1.89) and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.36-1.85) which remained significant after adjusting confounding factors (P <0001). No relationship was observed between dinner consumption and the rest of the CVD risk factors, neither in crude nor in adjusted models. A higher proportion of dinner-consumer adolescents had no CVD risk factors in comparison to dinner-skipper subjects (31.1% vs. 28%). Conclusion: Eating dinner might be inversely associated with some CVD risk factors among Iranian adolescents. Further prospective studies will need to prove this theory.

Download Full-text

Abstract 53: Health Care Utilization and Cost among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) or Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.6.suppl_1.a53 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

David M Kern ◽

Stephanie DeVore ◽

Jennifer Kim ◽

Ying Wu ◽

Ozgur Tunceli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Healthcare Utilization ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

CV events among T2DM patients are major contributors to high healthcare utilization and cost. Healthcare utilization and costs among T2DM patients with established CVD and CVD risk factors in a large US database were explored. T2DM patients aged ≥40 years were identified from the HealthCore Integrated Research Environment from 1/1/2007 to 4/30/2011 and followed from first T2DM diagnosis (index date) until loss of eligibility or death. Established CVD [Group 1] included patients with MI, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, or revascularization in the year prior to index. CVD risk [Group 2] included patients with older age (men ≥55 y, women ≥60 y) and prior diagnosis for either dyslipidemia or hypertension. Per person year (PPY) utilization and cost following T2DM diagnosis were calculated as the total number of events/cost divided by total number of person years of follow-up. There were 177,140 Group 1 (mean age: 68 y; 57% men) and 191,441 Group 2 (mean age: 66 y; 57% men) patients who met the selection criteria. During the 12, 24, 36, and 48 months following index, a higher proportion of Group 1 vs Group 2 patients had ≥1 inpatient visit (35%, 50%, 61%, 69% vs 16%, 27%, 36%, 44% respectively) and ≥1 ED visit (6.2%, 17%, 29%, 41% vs 2.9%, 9%, 18%, 28% respectively). T2DM patients have high healthcare utilization and costs. Those with established CVD have higher PPY event rates (Figure 1) and costs (Figure 2), compared with patients with CVD risk factors. Inpatient hospitalizations and outpatient visits are key cost drivers in this T2DM population.

Download Full-text

Association between birth weight and childhood cardiovascular disease risk factors in West Virginia

Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ◽

10.1017/s204017441900045x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 86-95

Author(s):

Amna Umer ◽

Candice Hamilton ◽

Lesley Cottrell ◽

Peter Giacobbi ◽

Kim Innes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Birth Weight ◽

West Virginia ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThe reported associations between birth weight and childhood cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the relationship between birth weight and CVD risk factors at 11 years of age. This study used longitudinally linked data from three cross-sectional datasets (N = 22,136) in West Virginia; analysis was restricted to children born full-term (N = 19,583). The outcome variables included resting blood pressure [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, non-HDL, and triglycerides (TG)]. Multiple regression analyses were performed, adjusting for child’s body mass index (BMI), sociodemographics, and lifestyle characteristics. Unadjusted analyses showed a statistically significant association between birth weight and SBP, DBP, HDL, and TG. When adjusted for the child’s BMI, the association between birth weight and HDL [b = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.18) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] and between birth weight and TG [b = –0.007 (–0.008, –0.005) mg/dl per 1000 g increase] remained statistically significant. In the fully adjusted model, low birth weight was associated with higher LDL, non-HDL, and TGs, and lower HDL levels. The child’s current BMI at 11 years of age partially (for HDL, non-HDL, and TG) and fully mediated (for SBP and DBP) the relationship between birth weight and select CVD risk factors. While effects were modest, these risk factors may persist and amplify with age, leading to potentially unfavorable consequences in later adulthood.

Download Full-text

Mixed Nut Consumption May Improve Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071488 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nazanin Abbaspour ◽

Traci Roberts ◽

Shirin Hooshmand ◽

Mark Kern ◽

Mee Young Hong

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Health Promoting

Emerging research indicates that nuts are a source of health-promoting compounds demonstrating cardioprotective benefits. However, most studies have assessed the effect of single nuts rather than a nut mixture. The objective of this study was, therefore, to examine the effect of mixed-nut consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese adults. In a randomized, parallel-arm, controlled trial, 48 participants consumed isocaloric (250 kcal) amounts of pretzels or mixed-nuts. Body weight (BW) (p = 0.024), BMI (p = 0.043), and insulin levels (p = 0.032) were significantly lower in the nut group compared to the pretzel group. Mixed-nut consumption also significantly reduced glucose (p = 0.04) and insulin (p = 0.032) levels after 4 and 8 weeks compared to baseline, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase of the nut group was significantly lower than the pretzel group (p = 0.002). No significant differences were detected between groups for triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C. However, pretzel consumption increased triglycerides (p = 0.048) from 4 weeks to 8 weeks. Moreover, LDL-C increased (p = 0.038) while HDL-C transiently decreased (p = 0.044) from baseline to 4 weeks. No significant lipid changes were detected within the nut group. Our results suggest that supplementing the diet with mixed-nuts could improve CVD risk factors by improving BW and glucose regulation in comparison to a common carbohydrate-rich snack without promoting the negative effects on lipids detected with pretzels.

Download Full-text

Intake of Boiled Potato in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in a Large Norwegian Cohort: The HUNT Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12010073 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Trine Moholdt ◽

Brooke L. Devlin ◽

Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hunt Study ◽

Potato Consumption

Overall potato consumption is positively associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as measures of adiposity. However, few studies have explicitly stated the preparation method of potatoes, which may impact these associations. We examined cross-sectional associations between self-reported dietary intake of boiled potatoes and levels of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and blood lipids among 43,683 participants in the HUNT Study, Norway in 2006–2008. All estimated associations were adjusted for possible imbalance in age, sex, physical activity, smoking, intake of other foods and alcohol between categories of boiled potato consumption. Overall, there were no large differences in mean levels of CVD risk factors between categories of boiled potato consumption. Compared to the reference group of individuals who consumed boiled potatoes less than once/week, those who reported eating boiled potatoes every day had slightly higher prevalence of high waist circumference (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.29), high triglycerides levels (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07–1.34), and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.33). In summary, consumption of boiled potatoes showed weak and small associations with the CVD risk factors under study, but the cross-sectional design prevents us from drawing any firm conclusions.

Download Full-text

Pleiotropic effects between cardiovascular disease risk factors and measures of cognitive and physical function in long-lived adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97298-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Julia J. Yudkovicz ◽

Ryan L. Minster ◽

Emma Barinas-Mitchell ◽

Kaare Christensen ◽

Mary Feitosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Chair Stand

AbstractCardiovacular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among older adults and is often accompanied by functional decline. It is unclear what is driving this co-occurrence, but it may be behavioral, environmental and/or genetic. We used a family-based study to estimate the phenotypic and shared genetic correlation between CVD risk factors and physical and cognitive functional measures. Participants (n = 1,881) were from the Long Life Family Study, which enrolled families based on their exceptional longevity (sample mean age = 69.4 years, 44% female). Cardiovascular disease risk factors included carotid vessel measures [intima-media thickness and inter-adventitial diameter], obesity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference], and hypertension [systolic and diastolic blood pressures]. Function was measured in the physical [gait speed, grip strength, chair stand] and cognitive [digital symbol substitution test, retained and working memory, semantic fluency, and trail making tests] domains. We used SOLAR to estimate the genetic, environmental, and phenotypic correlation between each pair adjusting for age, age2, sex, field center, smoking, height, and weight. There were significant phenotypic correlations (range |0.05–0.22|) between CVD risk factors and physical and cognitive function (all P < 0.05). Most significant genetic correlations (range |0.21–0.62|) were between CVD risk factorsand cognitive function, although BMI and waist circumference had significant genetic correlation with gait speed and chair stand time (range |0.29–0.53|; all P < 0.05). These results suggest that CVD risk factors may share a common genetic-and thus, biologic-basis with both cognitive and physical function. This is particularly informative for research into the genetic determinants of chronic disease.

Download Full-text

Changing Trends in the Prevalence and Disparities of Obesity and Other Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Three Racial/Ethnic Groups of USA Adults

Advances in Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/172423 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Camila X. Romero ◽

Tomas E. Romero ◽

Judith C. Shlay ◽

Lorraine G. Ogden ◽

Dana Dabelea

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Mexican Americans ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity

Objectives. To examine trends in the prevalence and disparities of traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among the major race/ethnic groups in the USA: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), and Mexican Americans (MAs).Methods. We used cross-sectional trend analysis in women and men aged 25–84 years participating in the NHANES surveys, years 1988–1994 (n=14,341) and 1999–2004 (n=12,360).Results. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension increased significantly in NHW and NHB, both in men and women; NHB had the highest prevalence of obesity and hypertension in each time period. Diabetes prevalence showed a nonsignificant increasing trend in all groups and was higher in MA in both periods. Smoking significantly decreased in NHW men and NHB, the latter with the largest decline although the highest prevalence in each period; no changes were noted in MA, who had the lowest prevalence in both periods. Race/ethnic CVD risk factors disparities widened for obesity and hypercholesterolemia, remained unchanged for diabetes and hypertension, and narrowed for smoking.Conclusions. The increasing prevalence of obesity and hypertension underscores the need for better preventive measures, particularly in the NHB group that exhibits the worst trends. The decline in smoking rates may offset some of these unfavorable trends.

Download Full-text

Cardiovascular disease risk factors induce mesenchymal features and senescence in cardiac endothelial cells

10.1101/2020.10.21.349472 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar ◽

Fang Shentong ◽

Andrey Anisimov ◽

Mikko I. Mäyränpää ◽

Eero Mervaala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Pressure Overload ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk

AbstractAging, obesity, hypertension and physical inactivity are major risk factors for endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We applied fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), RNA sequencing and bioinformatic methods to investigate the common effects of CVD risk factors on cardiac endothelial cells (ECs). Aging, obesity and pressure overload all upregulated pathways related to TGF-β signaling and mesenchymal gene expression, inflammation, vascular permeability, oxidative stress, collagen synthesis and cellular senescence, whereas exercise training downregulated most of the same pathways. We identified collagen chaperone SerpinH1/HSP47 to be significantly increased by aging and obesity and repressed by exercise training. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that SERPINH1/HSP47 in human ECs changed cell morphology and increased mesenchymal gene expression, while its silencing inhibited collagen deposition. Our data demonstrate that CVD risk factors significantly remodel the transcriptomic landscape of cardiac ECs to acquire senescence and mesenchymal features. SERPINH1/HSP47 was identified as a potential therapeutic target in ECs.

Download Full-text