scholarly journals Substance Use and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Risk Reduction and Prevention: A Novel Model for Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer H. Olson-Madden ◽  
Lisa A. Brenner ◽  
John D. Corrigan ◽  
Chad D. Emrick ◽  
Peter C. Britton
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently co-occur. Individuals with histories of alcohol or other drug use are at greater risk for sustaining TBI, and individuals with TBI frequently misuse substances before and after injury. Further, a growing body of literature supports the relationship between comorbid histories of mild TBI (mTBI) and SUDs and negative outcomes. Alcohol and other drug use are strongly associated with risk taking. Disinhibition, impaired executive function, and/or impulsivity as a result of mTBI also contribute to an individual’s proclivity towards risk-taking. Risk-taking behavior may therefore, be a direct result of SUD and/or history of mTBI, and risky behaviors may predispose individuals for subsequent injury or continued use of substances. Based on these findings, evaluation of risk-taking behavior associated with the co-occurrence of SUD and mTBI should be a standard clinical practice. Interventions aimed at reducing risky behavior among members of this population may assist in decreasing negative outcomes. A novel intervention (Substance Use and Traumatic Brain Injury Risk Reduction and Prevention (STRRP)) for reducing and preventing risky behaviors among individuals with co-occurring mTBI and SUD is presented. Areas for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Freshly Thawed Cryobanked Human Neural Stem Cells Engraft within Endogenous Neurogenic Niches and Restore Cognitive Function Following Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Badner ◽  
Emily K. Reinhardt ◽  
Theodore V. Nguyen ◽  
Nicole Midani ◽  
Andrew T. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

AbstractHuman neural stem cells (hNSCs) have potential as a cell therapy following traumatic brain injury (TBI). While various studies have demonstrated the efficacy of NSCs from on-going culture, there is a significant gap in our understanding of freshly thawed cells from cryobanked stocks – a more clinically-relevant source. To address these shortfalls, the therapeutic potential of our previously validated Shef-6.0 human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived hNSC line was tested following long-term cryostorage and thawing prior to transplant. Immunodeficient athymic nude rats received a moderate unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. At 4-weeks post-injury, 6×105 freshly thawed hNSCs were transplanted into six injection sites (2 ipsi- and 4 contra-lateral) with 53.4% of cells surviving three months post-transplant. Interestingly, most hNSCs were engrafted in the meninges and the lining of lateral ventricles, associated with high CXCR4 expression and a chemotactic response to SDF1alpha (CXCL12). While some expressed markers of neuron, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte lineages, the majority remained progenitors, identified through doublecortin expression (78.1%). Importantly, transplantation resulted in improved spatial learning and memory in Morris water maze navigation and reduced risk-taking behavior in an elevated plus maze. Investigating potential mechanisms of action, we identified an increase in ipsilateral host hippocampus cornu ammonis (CA) neuron survival, contralateral dentate gyrus (DG) volume and DG neural progenitor morphology as well as a reduction in neuroinflammation. Together, these findings validate the potential of hNSCs to restore function after TBI and demonstrate that long-term bio-banking of cells and thawing aliquots prior to use may be suitable for clinical deployment.Significance StatementThere is no cure for chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). While human neural stem cells (hNSCs) offer a potential treatment, no one has demonstrated efficacy of thawed hNSCs from long-term cryobanked stocks. Frozen aliquots are critical for multisite clinical trials, as this omission impacted the use of MSCs for graft versus host disease. This is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of thawed hNSCs, while also providing support for novel mechanisms of action – linking meningeal and ventricular engraftment to reduced neuroinflammation and improved hippocampal neurogenesis. Importantly, these changes also led to clinically relevant effects on spatial learning/memory and risk-taking behavior. Together, this new understanding of hNSCs lays a foundation for future work and improved opportunities for patient care.

Substance use on admission toxicology screen is associated with peri-injury factors and six-month outcome after traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI Pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
John K. Yue ◽  
Ryan R.L. Phelps ◽  
Ethan A. Winkler ◽  
Hansen Deng ◽  
Pavan S. Upadhyayula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Pilot Study

scholarly journals Effects of Prescription Opioid Use on Traumatic Brain Injury Risk in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony V. Herrera ◽  
Linda Wastila ◽  
Jessica P. Brown ◽  
Hegang Chen ◽  
Steven R. Gambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Prescription Opioid Use

scholarly journals Risk of Negative Outcomes after All Severities of Traumatic Brain Injury: Statewide Population-Based Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. e59
Author(s):  
Gale Whiteneck ◽  
Jeffrey P. Cuthbert ◽  
John D. Corrigan ◽  
Jennifer Bogner
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Population Based Survey

scholarly journals Sexting and Substance Use among Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: A Brief Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822182094633
Author(s):  
Autumn Rae Florimbio ◽  
Meagan J Brem ◽  
Hannah L Grigorian ◽  
Alisa R Garner ◽  
Gregory L Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sexual Content ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Advances in technology provide opportunities for communication using electronic mediums. Sexting is one form of electronic communication and includes the sending of explicit sexual content (e.g., photos, text) through electronic mediums. Previous research demonstrated a positive association between sexting and behaviors such as substance use. Moreover, substance use increases the risk for intimate partner violence and is also associated with risky behaviors. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexting in a sample of 84 women mandated to attend batterer intervention programs following arrest for domestic violence. The associations between sexting, substance use, and intimate partner violence were also examined. Method: Participants completed self-report questionnaires that assessed sexting, intimate partner violence, and alcohol and drug use symptoms. Results: Fifty-four percent of participants reported being asked to send a sext, 35.1% reported sending a sext, and 32.0% reported requesting a sext. Drug use symptoms were positively associated with some forms of sexting and intimate partner violence. There was a significant difference in drug use symptoms, such that women who received a request to send a sext had significantly more symptoms relative to women who had not received a request to send a sext. Conclusion: This is the first examination of sexting in a sample of women arrested for domestic violence. Findings indicate an association between drug use symptoms, sexting, and intimate partner violence, warranting continued research in this domain.

Examining the Relationship Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Substance Use Outcomes in the Canadian Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1577-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Allen ◽  
Sherry Heather Stewart ◽  
Michael Cusimano ◽  
Mark Asbridge
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
The Relationship

POSTER BOARD F47: NEW DRUG USE IN PATIENTS WITH SPINAL CORD AND TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Mark B. Mycyk ◽  
Daniel S. Heller ◽  
Martha Vungkhanching ◽  
Eric Larson ◽  
Catherine Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
New Drug

A prospective examination of Axis I psychiatric disorders in the first 5 years following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Alway ◽  
K. R. Gould ◽  
L. Johnston ◽  
D. McKenzie ◽  
J. Ponsford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
First Year ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundPsychiatric disorders commonly emerge during the first year following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, it is not clear whether these disorders soon remit or persist for long periods post-injury. This study aimed to examine, prospectively: (1) the frequency, (2) patterns of co-morbidity, (3) trajectory, and (4) risk factors for psychiatric disorders during the first 5 years following TBI.MethodParticipants were 161 individuals (78.3% male) with moderate (31.2%) or severe (68.8%) TBI. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, administered soon after injury and 3, 6 and 12 months, and 2, 3, 4 and 5 years post-injury. Disorder frequencies and generalized estimating equations were used to identify temporal relationships and risk factors.ResultsIn the first 5 years post-injury, 75.2% received a psychiatric diagnosis, commonly emerging within the first year (77.7%). Anxiety, mood and substance-use disorders were the most common diagnostic classes, often presenting co-morbidly. Many (56.5%) experienced a novel diagnostic class not present prior to injury. Disorder frequency ranged between 61.8 and 35.6% over time, decreasing by 27% [odds ratio (OR) 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65–0.83] with each year post-injury. Anxiety disorders declined significantly over time (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.84), whilst mood and substance-use disorder rates remained stable. The strongest predictors of post-injury disorder were pre-injury disorder (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.41–4.25) and accident-related limb injury (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.03–3.07).ConclusionsFindings suggest the first year post-injury is a critical period for the emergence of psychiatric disorders. Disorder frequency declines thereafter, with anxiety disorders showing greater resolution than mood and substance-use disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document