scholarly journals In Vitro Osteogenic Properties of Two Dental Implant Surfaces

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Monjo ◽  
Christiane Petzold ◽  
Joana Maria Ramis ◽  
Staale Petter Lyngstadaas ◽  
Jan Eirik Ellingsen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Temporal Gene Expression ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Implant Therapy ◽  
Osteoblast Markers

Current dental implant research aims at understanding the biological basis for successful implant therapy. The aim of the study was to perform a full characterization of the effect of two commercial titanium (Ti) surfaces, OsseoSpeed and TiOblast, on the behaviour of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. The effect of these Ti surfaces was compared with tissue culture plastic (TCP). In vitro experiments were performed to evaluate cytotoxicity, cell morphology and proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, gene expression, and release of a wide array of osteoblast markers. No differences were observed on cell viability and cell proliferation. However, changes were observed in cell shape after 2 days, with a more branched morphology on OsseoSpeed compared to TiOblast. Moreover, OsseoSpeed surface increased BMP-2 secretion after 2 days, and this was followed by increased IGF-I, BSP, and osterix gene expression and mineralization compared to TiOblast after 14 days. As compared to the gold standard TCP, both Ti surfaces induced higher osteocalcin and OPG release than TCP and differential temporal gene expression of osteogenic markers. The results demonstrate that the gain of using OsseoSpeed surface is an improved osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, without additional effects on cell viability or proliferation.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Titanium Dental Implant Surfaces on Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior. An In Vitro Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6353
Author(s):  
Vittoria D’Esposito ◽  
Josè Camilla Sammartino ◽  
Pietro Formisano ◽  
Alessia Parascandolo ◽  
Domenico Liguoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Titanium Dental Implant ◽  
Adhesive Ability ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of three different titanium (Ti) implant surfaces on the viability and secretory functions of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from a Bichat fat pad (BFP-MSCs). Methods: Four different Ti disks were used as substrate: (I) D1: smooth Ti, as control; (II) D2: chemically etched, resembling the Kontact S surface; (III) D3: sandblasted, resembling the Kontact surface; (IV) D4: blasted/etched, resembling the Kontact N surface. BFP-MSCs were plated on Ti disks for 72 h. Cell viability, adhesion on disks and release of a panel of cytokines, chemokines and growth factor were evaluated. Results: BFP-MSCs plated in wells with Ti surface showed a viability rate (~90%) and proliferative rate comparable to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 disks. D2 and D4 showed the highest adhesive ability. All the Ti surfaces did not interfere with the release of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors by BFP-MSCs. However, BFP-MSCs cultured on D4 surface released a significantly higher amount of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) compared either to cells plated without disks and to cells plated on D1 and D2. Conclusions: The implant surfaces examined do not impair the BFP-MSCs cell viability and preserve their secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to define the implant surface parameters able to assure the chemokines’ optimal release for a real improvement of dental implant osseointegration.

scholarly journals Shortening and Improving the Embryonic Stem Cell Test through the Use of Gene Biomarkers of Differentiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C. Romero ◽  
Eugenio Vilanova ◽  
Miguel A. Sogorb
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
End Points ◽  
Cell Test

The embryonic Stem cell Test (EST) is a validated assay for testing embryotoxicityin vitro. The total duration of this protocol is 10 days, and its main end-point is based on histological determinations. It is suggested that improvements on EST must be focused toward molecular end-points and, if possible, to reduce the total assay duration. Five days of exposure of D3 cells in monolayers under spontaneous differentiation to 50 ng/mL of the strong embryotoxic 5-fluorouracil or to 75 μg/mL of the weak embryotoxic 5,5-diphenylhydeantoin caused between 20 and 74% of reductions in the expression of the following genes:Pnpla6,Afp,Hdac7,Vegfa, andNes. The exposure to 1 mg/mL of nonembryotoxic saccharin only caused statistically significant reductions in the expression ofNes. These exposures reduced cell viability of D3 cells by 15, 28, and 34%. We applied these records to the mathematical discriminating function of the EST method to find that this approach is able to correctly predict the embryotoxicity of all three above-mentioned chemicals. Therefore, this work proposes the possibility of improve EST by reducing its total duration and by introducing gene expression as biomarker of differentiation, which might be very interesting forin vitrorisk assessment embryotoxicity.

scholarly journals Does Bromelain-Cisplatin Combination Afford In-Vitro Synergistic Anticancer Effects on Human Prostatic Carcinoma Cell Line, PC3?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1749
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Amini Chermahini ◽  
Elham Raeisi ◽  
Mathias Hossain Aazami ◽  
Abbas Mirzaei ◽  
Esfandiar Heidarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Line

Background: Bromelain enhances anticancer impacts to chemotherapeutic agents. The question as to whether bromelain does promote in-vitro cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of cisplatin on human prostatic carcinoma PC3 cell line was investigated. Materials and Methods: PC3 (human prostatic carcinoma) cells were treated either single or in combination with bromelain and/or cisplatin. MTT, clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to investigate cell viability, colony formation, proapoptotic potential and p53 gene expression, respectively. Results: Cisplatin (IC10) combined with bromelain (IC40) significantly affected PC3 cell viability, inhibited colony formation, as well increased p53 proapoptotic gene expression compared to cisplatin single treatment. Nevertheless, bromelain-cisplatin chemoherbal combination did not display any additive proapoptotic effect compared to single treatments. Conclusion: Bromelain-cisplatin chemoherbal combination demonstrated synergistic in-vitro anticancer effect on human prostatic carcinoma cell line, PC3, that drastically reduced required cisplatin dose. [GMJ.2020;9:e1749]

Influence of somatotropin on lipid metabolism and IGF gene expression in porcine adipose tissue

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. E637-E645 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Wolverton ◽  
M. J. Azain ◽  
J. Y. Duffy ◽  
M. E. White ◽  
T. G. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Systemic Factors ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Acid Esterification

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) treatment (2 mg/day) and dietary fat (10%) separately and in combination on the metabolic activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue, serum adipogenic activity, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) gene expression within adipose tissue from growing 5- to 6-mo-old barrows. This study attempted to determine how these factors might contribute to the reported changes in adiposity of treated swine. Biopsies of adipose tissue were collected after 28 days of treatment following anesthesia with thiopental sodium (15 mg/kg iv). Somatotropin inhibited in vitro glucose oxidation and lipogenesis in adipose tissue but did not affect fatty acid esterification. Adipogenic activity of serum was not altered by pST treatment. Subcutaneous adipose tissue contained mRNA for IGF-I and -II, and pST administration increased the abundance of IGF-I mRNA. Dietary fat had no effect on these variables. Thus somatotropin reduces glucose metabolism in porcine subcutaneous adipose tissue. Preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation are not affected by somatotropin through its actions on systemic factors. Dietary fat provides no additional benefit in combination with pST administration to affect accretion of adipose tissue in growing swine.

scholarly journals σIfromBacillus subtilis: Impact on Gene Expression and Characterization of σI-Dependent Transcription That Requires New Types of Promoters with Extended −35 and −10 Elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ramaniuk ◽  
Martin Převorovský ◽  
Jiří Pospíšil ◽  
Dragana Vítovská ◽  
Olga Kofroňová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Σ Factor

ABSTRACTThe σIsigma factor fromBacillus subtilisis a σ factor associated with RNA polymerase (RNAP) that was previously implicated in adaptation of the cell to elevated temperature. Here, we provide a comprehensive characterization of this transcriptional regulator. By transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of wild-type (wt) and σI-null strains at 37°C and 52°C, we identified ∼130 genes affected by the absence of σI. Further analysis revealed that the majority of these genes were affected indirectly by σI. The σIregulon, i.e., the genes directly regulated by σI, consists of 16 genes, of which eight (thedhbandykuoperons) are involved in iron metabolism. The involvement of σIin iron metabolism was confirmed phenotypically. Next, we set up anin vitrotranscription system and defined and experimentally validated the promoter sequence logo that, in addition to −35 and −10 regions, also contains extended −35 and −10 motifs. Thus, σI-dependent promoters are relatively information rich in comparison with most other promoters. In summary, this study supplies information about the least-explored σ factor from the industrially important model organismB. subtilis.IMPORTANCEIn bacteria, σ factors are essential for transcription initiation. Knowledge about their regulons (i.e., genes transcribed from promoters dependent on these σ factors) is the key for understanding how bacteria cope with the changing environment and could be instrumental for biotechnologically motivated rewiring of gene expression. Here, we characterize the σIregulon from the industrially important model Gram-positive bacteriumBacillus subtilis. We reveal that σIaffects expression of ∼130 genes, of which 16 are directly regulated by σI, including genes encoding proteins involved in iron homeostasis. Detailed analysis of promoter elements then identifies unique sequences important for σI-dependent transcription. This study thus provides a comprehensive view on this underexplored component of theB. subtilistranscription machinery.

Topographic characterization of multispecies biofilms growing on dental implant surfaces: An in vitro model

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bermejo ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez ◽  
Arancha Llama‐Palacios ◽  
Elena Figuero ◽  
David Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Multispecies Biofilms

Establishment and characterization of a piscean PCF cell line for toxicity and gene expression studies as in vitro model

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Goswami ◽  
B.S. Sharma ◽  
Kamalendra Yadav ◽  
S.N. Bahuguna ◽  
W.S. Lakra
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Gene Expression Studies ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Endostatin-Loaded Nanoparticles for In Vitro Antiangiogenesis in Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson A. Adeyemi ◽  
Yahya E. Choonara ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Lisa C. du Toit ◽  
Viness Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Antiangiogenic Effect ◽  
Tumor Ph ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Average Size

The aim of this study is to effectively enhance antitumor activities of endostatin by preparing polymeric nanocarriers. NMR and FT-IR spectra confirmed the successful grafting of the CHT-g-PEI and CHT-g-PEI-PEG-NH2 conjugates. SEM micrographs confirmed the shape of endostatin-loaded nanoparticles to be spherical while both TEM and zeta size results showed nanoparticle’s average size to be 100.6 nm having a positively charged surface with zeta potential of 7.95 mV. The concentrations of CHT and TPP as well as the changing pH conditions account for the increased swelling pattern of endostatin-loaded nanoparticles and influenced endostatin release in vitro. PEI increased the overall amine protonation while PEG aggravated endostatin encapsulation and release. Nanoparticles swell and release endostatin at acidic tumor pH of 6.8 compared to physiological pH of 7.4. The native CHT-g-PEI-PEG-NH2 conjugate showed high cytocompatibility above 80% cell viability across tested formulations. Endostatin-loaded nanoparticles showed a significant reduction in cell viability across tested formulations, with 5.32% cell death at 125 μg/mL and 13.36% at 250 μg/mL following 24 hours’ incubation period. Interestingly, more than a fourfold (61.68%) increment in cytotoxicity was observed at nanoparticle concentration of 1000 μg/mL. It was concluded that CHT-g-PEI-PEG-NH2 is an effective cargo for endostatin delivery with antiangiogenic effect in squamous cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals Insulin and IGF-I are necessary for FSH-induced cytochrome P450 aromatase but not cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage gene expression in oestrogenic bovine granulosa cells in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Silva ◽  
CA Price
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Side Chain Cleavage ◽  
P450 Aromatase ◽  
Chain Cleavage ◽  
Igf I

The earliest biochemical indicators of ovarian follicle deviation in cattle include lower oestradiol and free IGF concentrations in subordinate compared with dominant follicles. We determined if decreases in FSH, IGF-I or insulin cause decreased P450 aromatase (P450arom) or P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (P450scc) mRNA expression in oestrogenic bovine granulosa cells in vitro. In the first experiment, cells obtained from small follicles (2-5 mm diameter) were cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with physiological concentrations of FSH, IGF-I and insulin for 4 days. A decrease in specific hormone concentration was produced by replacing 70% of spent medium with medium devoid of FSH, insulin, or insulin and IGF-I on day 4 and again on day 5 of culture. Cultures were terminated on day 7. A reduction in FSH concentrations during the last 3 days of culture decreased P450arom and P450scc mRNA levels. A reduction in insulin reduced P450arom but not P450scc mRNA levels, and a reduction of both insulin and IGF-I concentrations further decreased P450arom mRNA levels and decreased P450scc mRNA levels. In a second experiment, cells obtained from small follicles (2-5 mm diameter) were cultured with insulin (100 ng/ml) without FSH for 4 days, and then insulin was withdrawn from the culture and FSH added for a further 3 days. The withdrawal of insulin decreased (P<0.02) oestradiol accumulation and reduced P450arom mRNA to below detectable levels, but did not affect P450scc mRNA levels. The addition of FSH transiently increased oestradiol secretion and P450arom mRNA levels, but P450arom mRNA levels were undetectable at the end of the culture period. The addition of FSH significantly enhanced P450scc mRNA levels and progesterone accumulation. These data demonstrated that a reduction of insulin-like activity reduced aromatase gene expression in bovine follicles without necessarily affecting progesterone synthetic capability, and thus may initiate follicle regression in cattle at the time of follicle divergence.

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