scholarly journals Community Structure of Leaf-Litter Ants in a Neotropical Dry Forest: A Biogeographic Approach to Explain Betadiversity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Silvestre ◽  
Manoel F. Demétrio ◽  
Jacques H. C. Delabie
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Leaf Litter Ants ◽  
Ant Diversity

This paper describes habitat and geographic correlates of ant diversity in Serra da Bodoquena, a poorly surveyed region of central-western Brazil. We discuss leaf-litter ant diversity on a regional scale, with emphasis on the contribution of each of the processes that form the evolutionary basis of contemporary beta diversity. The diversity of leaf-litter ants was assessed from a series of 262 Winkler samples conducted in two microbasins within a deciduous forest domain. A total of 170 litter-dwelling ant species in 45 genera and 11 subfamilies was identified. The data showed that the study areas exhibited different arrangements of ant fauna, with a high turnover in species composition between sites, indicating high beta diversity. Our analysis suggests that the biogeographic history of this tropical dry forest in the centre of South America could explain ant assemblage structure more than competitive dominance. The co-occurrence analysis showed that species co-occur less often than expected by chance in only two of the localities, suggesting that, for most of the species, co-occurrences are random. The assessment of the structure of the diversity of litter-dwelling ants is the first step in understanding the beta diversity patterns in this region of great biogeographic importance.

scholarly journals Madrigueras de Liomys pictus en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico mexicano.

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Domínguez-Castellanos ◽  
Beatriz Hernandez Meza ◽  
Angeles Mendoza D. ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos González
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
La Selva

Resumen: Se determinó la estructura y el contenido de las madrigueras de Liomys pictus por tipo de vegetación y temporada del año, en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico Mexicano. Se encontraron 24 madrigueras: en la selva baja la mayoría son complejas, mientras que  en la selva mediana son lineales, por consiguiente y de acuerdo a la clasificación de las madrigueras, en selva baja se presentaron madrigueras múltiples y en selva mediana madrigueras simples. De acuerdo al contenido, las de selva baja tienen en promedio una mayor cantidad de materiales en comparación a las de selva mediana. Se catalogaron un total de 248 especies de plantas de estas 50 se comparten en ambos sitios, del total de las especies se llegaron a identificar sólo 77. Las familias más representativas fueron Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae y Convolvulaceae. La estructura de las madrigueras no esta determinada por la temporalidad, sin embargo el contenido esta determinado con la cantidad de material almacenado aunque la producción de semillas esta definido por el patrón de fructificación que esta dado a lo largo del año.Palabras clave: Madrigueras, estructura, contenido, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, México.Abstract: We determined the structure and contents of burrows of Liomys pictus by vegetation type and season in two tropical forests of the Mexican Pacific. 24 burrows were found in the tropical dry forest and most complex, in the semi deciduous forest is linear, and therefore according to the classification of the burrows in the tropical dry forest are more numerous and simple in the semi deciduous forest. According to the content, of the tropical dry forest have on average a greater amount of material compared to the semi deciduous forest. Were categorized a total of 248 plant species of these 50 sites are shared in both the total number of species is to determine 77. The most representative families were Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae and Convulvolaceae. The structure of the burrows is not affected by the timing, but the content is determined with the amount of stored material but seed production is defined by the pattern of fruit that is given throughout the year.Key words: Burrows, structure, food hoarding, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, Mexico.

scholarly journals Mammals in tropical dry forest on the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Briones-Salas ◽  
Natalia Martín-Regalado ◽  
Mario C. Lavariega
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Mammal Diversity

The tropical dry forests of Mexico are one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots. To contribute to the knowledge of mammal diversity and conservation of the central coast of Oaxaca State, southern Mexico, we conducted field surveys in the area. Additional information was obtained from literature and museum databases. In order to compare the taxonomic similitude between areas along the Planicie Costera del Pacífico province we performed a taxonomic similarity analysis using data from the literature and the present study. A total of 49 species of mammals belonging to 19 families and eight orders were recorded. The maximum number of species was recorded in deciduous forest (n = 46), followed by semideciduous forest (n = 11). The similarity index was low (<50%) between areas along the Planicie costera del Pacífico, indicating higher species turnover. The high mammal diversity, the presence of endemic (8%), threatened species (16%), and voluntary conservation areas highlight the importance of this region.

scholarly journals Contributions of organic matter and nutrients via leaf litter in an urban tropical dry forest fragment

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeiner Castellanos-Barliza ◽  
Juan Diego León-Peláez ◽  
Rosalba Armenta-Martínez ◽  
Willinton Barranco-Pérez ◽  
William Caicedo-Ruíz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
One Year ◽  
Degraded Ecosystems

The litterfall and decomposition represent the main transfer of organic matter and nutrients from the vegetation to the soil surface and determine positive trajectories in the process of rehabilitating and restoring degraded ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contributions of organic materials and nutrients through the characterization of fine litter in an urban dry forest fragment. Litter production was monitored for one year by collecting 29 traps (0.5 m2). To evaluate leaf nutrient resorption, green leaves were collected from 5-10 individuals that represented the dominant tree species. Litter-bags (20 x 20 cm, 2 mm pore) were used for six months to evaluate the decomposition of leaf litter. Annual fine litter production was found to be 8 574 kg ha-1, with the Cordia alba species contributing the most leaf litter (1 134 kg ha-1) and nutrients (N: 6.16; P: 0.21; Ca: 4.72; Mg: 0.47; K: 1.27 kg ha-1). Decomposition rates (k constant) followed the decreasing order: C. alba (k: 4.6) > Machaerium milleflorum (k: 3.5). M. milleflorum and Albizia niopoides presented a pattern of rapid N and P release in the first 30 days, with more than 80 % and 60 % released from M. milleflorum and C. alba, respectively, by the end of the experiment. The litterfall monitoring carried out in this urban dry forest fragment revealed some important aspects of the functioning of an ecosystem as seriously threatened as the tropical dry forest. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 571-585. Epub 2018 June 01. 

scholarly journals Vegetation of a tropical dry forest in a landscape with chronic disturbance: the case of the indigenous community of San Nicolás Zoyatlan (Guerrero, Mexico)

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Virginia Cervantes-Gutiérrez ◽  
Ignacio Méndez-Ramírez ◽  
Iván Ernesto Roldán-Aragón ◽  
Aurora Chimal-Hernández ◽  
Vicente Arriaga-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Chronic Disturbance

<p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background. </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Tropical dry forests (TDF) provide numerous environmental services to its residents; this has led them to be humanized landscapes subjected to chronic disturbance with a high risk of disappearing.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Research question. </span></strong><span lang="EN-US"><span> </span>To establish </span><span lang="EN-US">the relationship of vegetation structure and composition of a chronically disturbed TDF, with some environmental factors and the intensity of agricultural land use.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Study site and period of research. </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Our study was conducted during six months (July through November) in the TDF of the community of San Nicolas Zoyatlan (Guerrero, Mexico); a territory with a history of over 500 years of agricultural use. This use has led to a complex mosaic of vegetation fragments.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods. </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">A selection of 36 fragments was studied to determine vegetation <span>structure and composition as well as environmental factors</span>. </span><span lang="EN-US">Representative plants from sampled areas were collected<span>. </span><span>Data gathered was explored with regression and multivariate statistical analysis techniques.</span></span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results. </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">59 families, 178 genera and 279 species were recorded. Species richness varied widely among fragments, in general with a low dominance and high turnover of species. Slope was the only factor that showed a solid relationship with vegetation variables. Three groups of fragments were established and the statistical differences between them were explained by the duration of fallow. The fragments with longer fallow period showed the best conditions in vegetation variables and 66.9% of the species were found in them.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions.</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Composition and structure of vegetation were related to intensity of agricultural land use. Although<strong> </strong>there is a process of impoverishment, vegetation dynamics involving species of the Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Burseraceae families show a potential for their use in the environmental restoration of Zoyatlan.</span></p>

scholarly journals Altitudinal distribution of leaf litter ants along a transect in primary forests on Mount Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten A. Brühl ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
K. Eduard Linsenmair
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Ant Communities ◽  
Mount Kinabalu ◽  
Leaf Litter Ants ◽  
Primary Forests

The ant communities of the leaf litter were studied along an elevational gradient on Mount Kinabalu in primary rain forest systems ranging from dipterocarp hill forest to dwarf forest of the highest altitudes (560, 800, 1130, 1360, 1530, 1740, 1930, 2025, 2300, 2600 m a.s.l.). The litter ant fauna along the gradient included 283 species of 55 genera. The number of ant species in the leaf litter decreased exponentially without evidence of a peak in species richness at mid-elevations. This result is in contrast to many findings on altitudinal gradients in ants and other animal groups. Most ant species have a very limited altitudinal range leading to high turnover values when comparing communities of different altitudes. Of the ant species, 74% were even restricted to one site. As evident from this study, altitudinal ranges of species are very narrow. Elevational gradients are therefore extremely species-rich and might serve as a prime example of hot spots of biodiversity. This fact is of great concern when implementing conservation strategies.

scholarly journals La flora arbórea de Michoacán, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva M. Cué-Bär ◽  
José Luis Villaseñor ◽  
Libertad Arredondo-Amezcua ◽  
Guadalupe Cornejo-Tenorio ◽  
Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Geologic History

Based on the review of floristic and taxonomic literature, as well as on the examination of specimens housed at the herbaria of the Centro Regional del Bajío (IEB) and the Instituto de Biología (MEXU), we recorded 845 species, 352 genera and 100 families of trees for the state of Michoacán, Mexico. The largest numbers of species per family were recorded for Asteraceae (82), Fabaceae (74), Mimosaceae (67), Caesalpiniaceae (39) and Burseraceae (38), while at the genus level Bursera (37), Quercus (35), Lonchocarpus (19), Senna (18), and Acacia (16) are the most speciose. The genus Beiselia (Burseraceae) and 14 species (1.8 %) are strict endemics to the state. A total of 28 families (28%) and 210 genera (60%) are represented in the state only by one tree species each. The most important vegetation types according to their species richness are tropical deciduous forest (593, 70.2%), coniferous forest (336, 39.8%) and oak forest (332, 39.3%). A high proportion (69.9%) of Michoacán’s tree species is located in 2-4 vegetation types; 173 species (21.5%) have been found just in one type, mainly in the tropical dry forest (87 species, 10.3%). The floristic richness of Michoacán is largely explained by its complex geologic history, its rugged physiography, its diverse climate, and its multiple vegetation types, as well as by its location at the confluence of the Holartic and Neotropical floristic kingdoms. Counties and species on which to focus conservation efforts for trees in the state are pinponted.

scholarly journals Comparison between Winkler's extractor and pitfall traps to estimate leaf litter ants richness (Formicidae) at a rainforest site in southest Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Orsolon-Souza ◽  
CEL. Esbérard ◽  
AJ. Mayhé-Nunes ◽  
AB. Vargas ◽  
S. Veiga-Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Species Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Litter Ants ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Ant Diversity ◽  
Advance Knowledge

The aim of this study was to compare in the same site the efficiency of the two most used techniques for sampling ant diversity, Winkler's extractors and pitfalls. We studied communities of leaf litter ants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, compared richness estimates for genera and species, and built species accumulation curves. These two methods resulted in a satisfactory sampling of richness; 21.3% of the genera and 47.6% of the species were collected exclusively with Winkler's extractors, whereas 6.4% of the genera and 9.5% of the species were collected exclusively with pitfalls. Winkler's extractor had proven to be the most efficient single sampling technique to estimate richness. However, pitfalls also recorded a significant portion of the total richness. Despite differences in efficiency, species accumulation curves for both techniques were similar, as well as the curve obtained with both methods combined. We noticed that Winkler's extractors were c. 74.0% more efficient than pitfalls in the Atlantic Forest. Therefore, sampling techniques must be used with a well-structured sampling design in order to advance knowledge on the ant fauna of Brazilian biomes, especially in the leaf litter, allowing more complete environmental analyses.

scholarly journals REGENERATION THROUGH RESPROUTING AFTER CLEAR-CUTTING AND TOPSOIL STRIPPING IN A TROPICAL DRY FOREST IN CENTRAL BRAZIL1

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxmiller Cardoso Ferreira ◽  
Silvia Barbosa Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel Luis Mascia Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Plant Organ ◽  
Resprouting Ability

ABSTRACT Tropical dry forest trees have high resprouting ability, which may be useful for ecological restoration purposes. However, resprouting ability is affected by the type and severity of the disturbance. This study described the regeneration of trees through resprouting in a seasonally deciduous forest in Central Brazil, six months after being subjected to a gradient of disturbance. In order to expand a limestone quarry, 10 ha of deciduous forest were deforested in May 2013, creating areas with three increasing levels of disturbance: Clear-Cutting, Stump Removal and 5-20 cm of Topsoil Stripping. Twenty 3.14 m² circular plots were randomly selected in each type of disturbance. All resprouts were counted and identified to species level. The plant organ where each resprout grew from and the distance of the resprout insertion to the soil were recorded. There were 27 species in the Clear-Cutting and Stump Removal areas, and 24 in the Topsoil Stripping site. Resprout density was 3.0 ± 0.3a/m² in the Clear-Cutting, 1.7 ± 0.4b in the Stump Removal and 1.4 ± 0.4b in the Topsoil Stripping area (mean ± SD; Tukey HSD). Stems contributed to 61% of the resprouts in the Clear-Cutting area, while 60% of the resprouts in Stump Removal grew from root collars and 70% of the resprouts in Topsoil Stripping grew from roots. Underground resprouts emerged from a depth of up to 24 cm. An increase in disturbance severity negatively affected resprouting ability, but natural regeneration was high regardless of disturbance severity. The high resprouting ability of the deciduous forest trees provides resilience even after topsoil stripping.

Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) in Sierra de Huautla, Morelos, México: A Conservation Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-417
Author(s):  
Ma Ventura Rosas-Echeverría ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Coyote-Ávila ◽  
Karla Maria Aguilar-Dorantes ◽  
Concepcion Martínez-Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Species Similarity ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn this study, we carried out an inventory of butterfly diversity and an analysis of alpha and beta diversity considering the effects of phenology and degree of disturbance in tropical dry forest. The study included three localities: Cañadas de Ajuchitlán and El Limón, situated within the Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve (REBIOSH) natural protected area, and San Miguel de los Elotes, which is outside of the REBIOSH. We systematically sampled each of the localities using two collection methods once per month for a full year (April 2013 to March 2014). A total of 4,017 specimens belonging to 119 species and 83 genera were collected. We recorded for the first time the presence of Perichares aurina Evans (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae), in Mexico, 14 additional Hesperiidae species were new records for Morelos, Mexico, and 16% of the species recorded in this study are endemic to Mexico. Species richness was highest in August for the two localities (Cañadas de Ajuchitlán and El Limón), located within the REBIOSH. Species richness was highest in November for San Miguel de los Elotes, which is outside of the REBIOSH. In terms of the alpha diversity values (0D, observed diversity), Cañadas de Ajuchitlán had the highest species richness. In the analysis of similarity (Beta diversity), the two localities within the REBIOSH had the highest species similarity, despite being the most geographically distant.

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