Suppression of Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia by Turtle Jelly, A Traditional Chinese Functional Food, in Rats

Consumption of functional foods for lowering serum cholesterol has globally gained acceptance by the general public. Turtle jelly (TJ), also called gui-ling-gao, is a popular traditional functional food in southern China. The hypocholesterolemic effect of consuming TJ was investigated in rats fed with normal diet, high-cholesterol diet or high-cholesterol diet supplemented with simvastatin (3 mg/kg bw per day, p.o.) or TJ (3.3 or 10 mL/kg bw per day, p.o.) for 30 days. TJ markedly reversed the increased serum total cholesterol, increased high-density lipoprotein, and decreased high-density lipoprotein induced by hypercholesterolemic diet with a dose-dependent improvement on the atherogenic index. It also demonstrated good hepatoprotective function by reducing fat depositions and overall lipid contents in the liver and increasing the activities of hepatic antioxidative enzymes. The blunted nitric oxide/endothelium-mediated aortic relaxation in rats fed with hypercholesterolemic diet was partially restored after TJ consumption. It is postulated that the hypocholesterolemic effect is the primary beneficial effect given by TJ; it then leads to secondary beneficial effects such as vasoprotective and hepatoprotective functions. The results revealed that TJ could block the downregulation of LDLR and PEPCK and upregulation of PPARαmRNA and protein expressions in the livers of rats fed with hypercholesterolemic diet.

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Spirulina platensis effects on the levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triacylglycerols in rabbits fed with a hypercholesterolemic diet

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132008000200022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 405-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Luciane Maria Colla ◽

Ana Luiza Muccillo-Baisch ◽

Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Spirulina Platensis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Density ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Hypercholesterolemic Diet

In this work, hypercholesterolemia was induced in rabbits by feeding them a high cholesterol diet (CD, 350 mg/d) and the effects of supplementing this diet with 0.5 g/d Spirulina platensis was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum total-cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TAG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) at the start of the experiment and after 30 d and 60 d. It was found that the levels of serum cholesterol decreased from 1,054±101 mg.dL-1 in the rabbits fed a CD without S. platensis to 516±163 mg.dL-1 to those fed with a high cholesterol diet supplemented with S. platensis (significant at p <0.0001). The addition of Spirulina to the cholesterolemic diet did not cause significative decrease on the levels of triacylglycerols in the animals. The levels of serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) was 73±31 mg.dL-1 for rabbits fed a CD without S. platensis as compared to 91.0±15.7 mg.dL-1 in those fed a CD supplemented with S. platensis (significant at p=0.1533).

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Gemfibrozil reduces non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in exogenously hypercholesterolemic (ExHC) rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1016/s0305-0491(98)10049-4 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 120 (3) ◽

pp. 579-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Koji Nagao ◽

Susumu Yoshida ◽

Hideaki Nakagiri ◽

Masanobu Sakono ◽

Masao Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol

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Abstract: P1440 NANSHETENG, A TRADITIONAL CHINESE HERB INCREASES THE LEVEL AND ANTI-ATHEROSCLEROTIC FUNCTION OF HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN MICE FED WITH HIGH FAT HIGH CHOLESTEROL DIET

Atherosclerosis Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71448-5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e1490

Author(s):

S Qin ◽

H Sang ◽

Y Zhang ◽

J Wang ◽

X Chen

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Chinese Herb ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

High Fat ◽

Traditional Chinese Herb

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Evaluation of the Hypocholesterolemic Effect and Phytochemical Screening of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Crataegus Aronia from Jordan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1200700113 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Entisar K. Al-Hallaq ◽

Fatma U. Afifi ◽

Shtaywy S. Abdalla

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Hypocholesterolemic Effect ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Chemical Screening ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract ◽

First Time

Chemical screening of the leaves and flowers of Crataegus aronia resulted in the isolation of hyperoside, quercetin, rutin and β-sitosterol for the first time from this plant. The effects of the hydroethanolic extract of C. aronia (CAHE) on hypercholesterolemic rats were investigated. The rats, treated orally for four weeks with 400 mg/kg/day CAHE, exhibited significant decreases in serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The results were compared with those obtained after oral administration of atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, 10-week daily co-administration of a high cholesterol diet and CAHE (200 mg/kg/day) prevented the increase in TC and LDL. These observations indicate that CAHE has a hypocholesterolemic effect.

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Anti-hyperlipidemic activity of an extract from roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. on high cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2014-4147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 (5-6) ◽

pp. 139-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Walid Hamdy El-Tantawy ◽

Abeer Temraz ◽

Hoda E. Hozaien ◽

Omayma D. El-Gindi ◽

Kamilia F. Taha

Keyword(s):

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Hypolipidemic Effect ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

Total Lipids ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Panicum Repens

Abstract The hypolipidemic effect of an ethanolic extract from the roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. was investigated in rats suffering from high-cholesterol, diet-induced hyperlipidemia, and the phytochemicals in the extract were analyzed. The extract was administered p.o. in doses of 250 mg/kg/day together with cholesterol at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 7 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet caused a significant increase in total lipids, total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the atherogenic index, whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased. Administration of the P. repens extract (p<0.05) significantly reduced the rise of the serum levels of total lipids, TC, TG, and LDL-C, as well as the atherogenic index, whereas it significantly increased (p<0.05) the level of HDL-C. HPLC analysis of the phenolics and flavonoids in the extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, primulic acid, rutin, apigenin-7-glucoside, and quercetin. In conclusion, the P. repens extract was found to possess hypolipidemic activity in high-fat, diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

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Sweet Potato Leaf Feeding Decreases Cholesterol, Oxidative Stress and Thrombosis Formation in Syrian Hamsters with a High-Cholesterol Diet

Life ◽

10.3390/life11080802 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 802

Author(s):

Hao-Hsiang Chang ◽

Yi-Chan Lan ◽

Shiu-Dong Chung ◽

Chiang-Ting Chien

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Control Diet ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Potato Leaf

Nutritional strategies to reduce hyperlipidemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease are gaining more public favor and medical professionals’ attention. The authors of this study explored the effect of sweet potato leaf powder (SPLP) feeding on the parameters of plasma lipids, reactive oxygen species, and time to thrombosis formation in Syrian hamsters fed with high-cholesterol diets. The animals were separated into six groups: a feeding control diet, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol, a control diet containing 0.2% cholesterol, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol plus 2.5% SPLP, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol plus 5% SPLP, and a control diet containing 0.2% cholesterol plus 5% SPLP for six weeks. The levels of serum total cholesterol (51% increase), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (70.6% increase), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (51.3% increase), and the triglyceride and atherogenic index (LDL-C/HDL-C) significantly increased in the high-cholesterol diet groups. Concomitant 5% sweet potato leaf powder ingestion significantly decreased the lipid profiles, with a 20.6% total cholesterol reduction in the 0.1% cholesterol diet groups, a 17.2% reduction in the 0.2% group, a 48.7% LDL reduction in the 0.1% cholesterol group, and a 30.3% reduction in the 0.2% group, with a consequent decrease in the atherogenic index. SPLP feeding was found to be associated with increased fecal sterol contents, with a 188.6% increase in the 0.1% cholesterol-fed group and a 177.3% increase in the 0.2% group. The SPLP-fed groups had depressed ROS levels, elongated FeCl3-induced times to thrombosis formation, and increased liver superoxide dismutase contents and SREBP-1 protein expression. Sweet potato leaf intake could reduce plasma total cholesterol, LDL, and oxidative stress. We suggest sweet potato leaf intake as a choice of nutritional strategy for hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease prevention.

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Emodin alleviated hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid metabolism in zebrafish larvae fed a high-cholesterol diet via AMPK/SREBP-2/PCSK9/LDLR signaling pathway

10.21203/rs.3.rs-796126/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linfeng He ◽

Cheng Wang ◽

Yafang Zhang ◽

Chaocheng Guo ◽

Yan Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Cholesterol Diet ◽

Low Density ◽

Cholesterol Diet ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Accumulation ◽

Hepatic Lipid ◽

Zebrafish Larvae

Abstract BackgroundEmodin (EM) is one of bioactive components extracted from Rheum palmatum L. (Dahuang), which possesses numerous pharmacological activities including hypolipidemic effect. However, the potential action of EM on hyperlipidemia (HLP) remains unclear. Here, the theraputic effect of EM against HLP were investigated.MethodsIn this study, the hypolipidemic properties of EM were evaluated using high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-stimulated zebrafish larvae model. The body weight, body length and body mass index (BMI) was measured. The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by corresponding assay kits. Tg (flil: eGFP) zebrafish were utilized to observe vascular cholesterol accumulation and Tg (mpx: eGFP) zebrafish to visualize and quantify neutrophil inflammation. The hepatic lipid deposition and hepatic histopathology were analyzed by Oil red O staining and H&E staining, respectively. Finally, the underlying mechanism of EM were investigated using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis to assess the gene levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα), sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1).ResultsOur data indicated that EM reduced obesity of zebrafish as evidenced by the decrease in body weight, body length and BMI. EM significantly reduced TC, TG, and LDL-C, and increased HDL-C contents. Moreover, it displayed a prominent inhibitory effect on blood cholesterol accumulation, hepatic lipid accumulation, and neutrophil inflammation in vascular site. Additionally, EM improved the liver function through decreasing ALT and AST levels of zebrafish with HCD-induced hepatosteatosis. Further investigation showed that EM treatment attenuated lipid accumulation via upregulating the expression of AMPKα, LDLR, ABCA1 and ABCG1, and downregulating the expression of SREBP-2, PCSK9 and HMGCR.ConclusionTo conclude, EM alleviated lipid metabolism disorder symptoms caused by HCD via modulating AMPK/SREBP-2/PCSK9/LDLR pathway in larvae, suggesting that EM may be developed into hypolipidmic agent for treating lipid metabolism related diseases.

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The influence of ultra-processed food consumption in anthropometric and atherogenic indices of adolescents

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-9865202134e200036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

Author(s):

Larisse Monteles NASCIMENTO ◽

Nayara Vieira do Nascimento MONTEIRO ◽

Thiana Magalhães VILAR ◽

Cyntia Regina Lúcio de Sousa IBIAPINA ◽

Karoline de Macedo Gonçalves FROTA

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Food Consumption ◽

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Atherogenic Indices

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the influence of ultra-processed food consumption on anthropometric and atherogenic indices. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 327 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical, and food consumption data were evaluated. The ratios of atherogenic indices were calculated using the Castelli I (Total Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), Castelli II (Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol/High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), and estimated Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol particle size (Atherogenic Index of Plasma=Triglycerides/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) indices. Logistic regression was used for the unadjusted and adjusted analysis between ultra-processed foods consumption, anthropometric, and atherogenic indices. The level of significance was 5%. Results Most participants were female (59.3%). Girls had a higher consumption of ultra-processed foods (26.6% vs. 20.5%). Of the total number of adolescents, 16.5% were overweight and 65.7% were from public schools. Adolescents with altered values for the Castelli I and II Index, and for the Atherogenic Index of Plasma had significantly higher weights, Waist Circumference, Waist Circumference/ Height and Body Mass Index/ Age values. The adjusted analysis identified a significant association (Odds ratio=2.29; 95% Confidence interval: 1.23-4.28) between the high consumption of ultra-processed foods and the Castelli II index. Conclusion The associations between atherogenic indices and anthropometric indices and the consumption of ultra-processed foods highlight the negative influence of these foods on adolescents’ cardiovascular health.

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