scholarly journals Weight Gain Prevention for College Freshmen: Comparing Two Social Cognitive Theory-Based Interventions with and without Explicit Self-Regulation Training

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Dennis ◽  
Kerry L. Potter ◽  
Paul A. Estabrooks ◽  
Brenda M. Davy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Weight Outcomes

The college transition represents a critical period for maintaining a healthy weight, yet intervention participation and retention represent significant challenges. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and acceptability of two interventions to prevent freshman weight gain. One intervention provided opportunities to improve outcome expectations and self-efficacy within a social cognitive theory framework (SCT), while the other targeted the same variables but focused on explicit training in self-regulation skills (SCTSR).Methods.Freshmen (n=45) aged >18 years were randomized to a 14-week intervention, SCT or SCTSR; both included online modules and in-class meetings. Of the 45 students randomized, 5 withdrew before the classes began and 39 completed pre- and posttesting. Primary outcomes included body weight/composition, health behaviors, and program acceptability. Analyses included independent samplet-tests, repeated measures ANOVA, and bivariate correlational analyses.Results.Body weight increased over the 14-week period, but there was no group difference. Percent body fat increased in SCTSR but not SCT (mean difference: SCTSR, +1.63 ± 0.52%; SCT, −0.25 ± 0.45%;P=0.01). Class attendance was 100% (SCTSR) and 98% (SCT); SCTSR students (>50%) remarked that the online tracking required “too much time.”Conclusions.The intervention was well received, although there were no improvements in weight outcomes.

scholarly journals Predictors of Preventive Behavior of Nosocomial Infections in Nursing Staff: A Structural Equation Model Based on the Social Cognitive Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mousa Mahdizadeh ◽  
Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany ◽  
Davood Robat Sarpooshi ◽  
Alireza Jafari ◽  
Mehrsadat Mahdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Perceived Environment

Abstract Background: Despite improving the quality of health services and developing methods of infection prevention and control, the occurrence of nosocomial infections remains a health threat to patients and hospital staff. This study applied Social-Cognitive Theory for predicting determinants of Nosocomial Infections Control Behaviors in hospital nursing Staff.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 280 nurses and assistant nurses were selected by random sampling from intensive care wards including CCU, ICU, NICU, dialysis of educational hospitals in Mashhad, Iran in 2020. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert scale structural questionnaire based on social cognitive theory constructs and analyzed via AMOS 23.0 using Structural Equation modeling approach.Results: The results of the structural equation model showed that the constructs of barriers, perceived environment, outcome expectations, task self-efficacy, social support, and modeling were able to predict 70% of the variance of self-regulation construct. Also, the constructs of this social-cognitive model were eventually able to predict 15% of the variance of behavior construct. Self-regulation, outcome expectations, and barrier constructs had a direct effect on behavior and the highest effect was related to self-regulation structure (p<0.001). The constructs of social support, modeling, perceived environment and Task self-efficacy had an indirect effect on behavior and the most impact was related to the constructs of perceived environment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that self-regulation, outcome expectation and barriers have a significant effect on following the preventive behaviors of nosocomial infections in nursing staff. It is suggested that policymakers and planners try to reduce barriers, strengthen behavioral motivation, and empower nursing staff by teaching self-regulatory strategies.

Social Cognitive Theory and Motivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale H. Schunk ◽  
Ellen L. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Social Environmental

Social cognitive theory is a theory of human behavior that emphasizes learning from the social environment. This chapter focuses on Bandura’s social cognitive theory, which postulates reciprocal interactions among personal, behavioral, and social/environmental factors. Persons use various vicarious, symbolic, and self-regulatory processes as they strive to develop a sense of agency in their lives. Key motivational processes are goals and self-evaluations of progress, outcome expectations, values, social comparisons, and self-efficacy. People set goals and evaluate their goal progress. The perception of progress sustains self-efficacy and motivation. Individuals act in accordance with their values and strive for outcomes they desire. Social comparisons with others provide further information on their learning and goal attainment. Self-efficacy is a critical influence on motivation and affects task choices, effort, persistence, and achievement. Recommendations are made for future research.

Social Cognitive Theory and Motivation

2012 ◽  
pp. 12-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale H. Schunk ◽  
Ellen L. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulatory Processes

Social cognitive theory is a theory of psychological functioning that emphasizes learning from the social environment. This chapter focuses on Bandura's social cognitive theory, which postulates reciprocal interactions among personal, behavioral, and social/environmental factors. Persons use various vicarious, symbolic, and self-regulatory processes as they strive to develop a sense of agency in their lives. Key motivational processes are goals and self-evaluations of progress, outcome expectations, values, social comparisons, and self-efficacy. People set goals and evaluate their goal progress. The perception of progress sustains self-efficacy and motivation. Individuals act in accordance with their values and strive for outcomes they desire. Social comparisons with others provide further information on their learning and goal attainment. Self-efficacy is an especially critical influence on motivation and affects task choices, effort, persistence, and achievement. Suggestions are given for future research directions.

Utilizing Social Cognitive Theory to Enhance Physical Activity Among People With Spinal Cord Injuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jereme Wilroy ◽  
Lori Turner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The United States

In the United States, approximately 28 to 55 people per million have experienced spinal cord injuries. While exercise benefits are well documented, participation is low. The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic review of articles that use social cognitive theory to increase physical activity among individuals with spinal cord injuries. Self-efficacy was the primary predictor of physical activity in each study; self-regulation emerged as a direct influencing factor. SCT may be helpful in program planning for people with spinal cord injuries to increase activity, increasing mobility, independence, social integration and quality of life.

Toward a Model of Exercise Motivation

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Dzewaltowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Theory Of Reasoned Action ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Exercise Behaviors ◽  
Action Model

This study compared the ability of Bandura's social cognitive theory and Fish-bein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action to predict exercise behavior. The theories' constructs were assessed and then the exercise behaviors of 328 individuals were recorded for the following 7 weeks. A path analysis indicated that the theory of reasoned action model fit the data, but explained only 5 % of the exercise behavior variance. Two social cognitive theory variables, self-efficacy and self-evaluated dissatisfaction, significantly predicted exercise behavior. Also, a multiplicative function of self-evaluated dissatisfaction and outcome expectations increased the amount of predicted exercise behavior variance to 16%. Thus, individuals who were confident they could adhere to an exercise program and were satisfied with their standing on probable outcomes from participation (e.g., present body weight) exercised more days per week. A commonality analysis indicated that the theory of reasoned action did not account for any unique variance in exercise behavior over the social cognitive theory constructs. In sum, social cognitive theory was more effective than the theory of reasoned action in predicting exercise behavior.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Critical Thinking Cultivation Based on Social Cognitive Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-900
Author(s):  
Guo Zhe
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
English Major ◽  
Behavioural Factors

How to cultivate critical thinking (CT) is considered as one of the most important goals of Chinese higher education over the years. However, many Chinese scholars have shown their concern on "CT Deficiency" after assessing CT skills of English majors in many universities. Thus, the affecting factors of CT development has been investigated from the perspective of the social cognitive theory by a detailed analysis of an English major with comparatively strong CT ability, attempting to find approaches to CT cultivation. After the qualitative analysis of reflection diaries and several interviews, the findings indicate that CT is shaped by the interaction of the environmental, individual and behavioural factors. Leaners can employ the strategies as interpretation, planning and implementation, self-regulation and adjustment, and reflection to facilitate the interaction

scholarly journals The Analisis Faktor Perilaku Konsumsi Remaja Terhadap Makanan Cepat Saji (Studi Aplikasi Social Cognitive Theory)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Nadhifa Salsabilla ◽  
Muji Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja dianggap sebagai hal sepele yang biasa dilakukan. Namun, dampak yang akan dirasakan berupa gangguan kesehatan dalam jangka waktu pendek maupun jangka panjang, seperti obesitas. Salah satu sekolah di Surabaya yang memiliki angka kejadian obesitas cukup tinggi yakni SMAN 2 Surabaya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor perilaku yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja menggunakan studi aplikasi Social Cognitive Theory. Penelitian ini merupakan penlitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X dan XI SMAN 2 Surabaya dengan penarikan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling sebanyak 102 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner yang dibagikan secara online. Variabel independen penelitian ini adalah karakteristik individu, self efficacy, pengetahuan, self regulation, dukungan keluarga, dukungan teman sebaya, dan paparan informasi. Sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu tindakan konsumsi makanan cepat saji pada remaja. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara uang saku (p = 0,015), self regulation (p = 0,047), dan dukungan orangtua (p = 0,038) (p<0,05). Namun, pada variabel lainnya tidak terdapat hubungan dengan tindakan mengonsumsi makanan cepat saji. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi kepada pihak sekolah maupun Puskesmas setempat dalam melakukan pencegahan obesitas pada remaja.

Social Cognitive Theory

Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Stajkovic ◽  
Kayla Sergent
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Personal Factors

In conceptualizations presented in social cognitive theory (SCT), humans are not passive objects shaped and shepherded by contingent consequences of an environment. People are agentic; they proactively make their way through the intricacies and dualities of life. To attain desired outcomes, people make judgments about the interplay among environment, personal factors, and consequences of their behavior. SCT conceptualizes these cognitive appraisals in terms of triadic, reciprocal, and asymmetric influences among the environment, person, and behavior. The belief system formed by the model’s cognitive dynamics is shaped by one’s current working conception of the world. This belief system guides behavior adaptively toward desirable pursuits and away from undesirable consequences. As people set goals, devise accordant courses of action, and anticipate outcomes, they act on this thread of beliefs. People operate on the environment, they monitor and analyze their actions, reflect on the consequences, and react to course-correct. These behaviors rely on self-awareness, self-reflection, and adaptive self-regulation. To explain and predict the fluent vagaries of social life, nuanced conceptions of interactive factors are conferred by SCT in the triadic model. A transformative contributor to adaptive self-regulation in SCT is perceived self-efficacy. Self-efficacy is a malleable belief formed by personal appraisal of how well a person can execute courses of action required to deal successfully with a given prospect. Self-efficacy does not signify people believe they can walk on water; it simply implies they believe they can enact the potential they already have. Even when people have acquired the knowledge and ability to succeed, cherished outcomes are forsaken if they harbor doubt in their capacity to self-regulate.

Social cognitive theory as a guide for exercise engagement in persons with multiple sclerosis who use wheelchairs for mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-282
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Silveira ◽  
Emma V Richardson ◽  
Robert W Motl
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Mobility Impairment

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the brain, optic nerves and spinal cord. Among persons with MS, 30% experience significant mobility impairment that requires use of a wheelchair for mobility. Exercise is an evidence-based second-line therapy that can improve mobility; however, little research has focused on individuals that use wheelchairs for mobility. Framed by social cognitive theory (SCT), we conducted a formative qualitative study examining exercise status and perceptions among 20 persons with MS who use wheelchairs for mobility. Using deductive, semantic thematic analysis, we coded for SCT variables (i.e. self-efficacy, knowledge, outcome expectations, barriers and facilitators) and identified participants as regular or inconsistent exercisers. In total, 12 participants were classified as regular exercisers and 8 inconsistent exercisers. Regular exercisers more frequently reported high self-efficacy, consistent exercise knowledge and numerous facilitators. All participants reported some positive outcome expectations and several barriers and facilitators. These findings can inform future intervention studies supporting exercise behavior change through SCT. Strategies such as increasing self-efficacy, imparting instructional materials, shaping realistic outcome expectations and providing tools directed toward overcoming barriers and identifying facilitators may work to support the exercise endeavor of persons with MS who use wheelchairs for mobility.

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