scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Pacifier Texture on NNS in Neurotypical Infants

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin L. Oder ◽  
David L. Stalling ◽  
Steven M. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Array Density ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Dense Representation ◽  
Short Term Effects

The dense representation of trigeminal mechanosensitive afferents in the lip vermilion, anterior tongue, intraoral mucosa, and temporomandibular joint allows the infant’s orofacial system to encode a wide range of somatosensory experiences during the critical period associated with feed development. Our understanding of how this complex sensorium processes texture is very limited in adults, and the putative role of texture encoding in the infant is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the short-term effects of a novel textured pacifier experience in healthy term infants (N=28). Nonnutritive suck (NNS) compression pressure waveforms were digitized in real time using a variety of custom-molded textured pacifiers varying in spatial array density of touch domes. MANCOVA, adjusted for postmenstrual age at test and sex, revealed that infants exhibited an increase in NNS burst attempts at the expense of a degraded suck burst structure with the textured pacifiers, suggesting that the suck central pattern generator (sCPG) is significantly disrupted and reorganized by this novel orocutaneous experience. The current findings provide new insight into oromotor control as a function of the oral somatosensory environment in neurotypically developing infants.

scholarly journals The use of ceramics as an aesthetic element in Durban architecture (1914-2012)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Raksha Padaruth
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Architectural Element ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Contemporary Practice ◽  
Insight Into

This paper documents and evaluates the use of ceramics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban from 1914-2012 with special reference to James Hall (1916-2006), Andrew Walford (b.1942) and Jane du Rand (b.1969). These artists were selected because their work demonstrates a wide range of the use of decorative tiles and mosaics as aesthetic elements in Durban architecture over a period of more than fifty years. Reference is made to the historical use of tiles and mosaics as aesthetic architectural elements in Durban from 1914-1955 in order to provide a context to an investigation and evaluation of the contribution of Hall, Walford and du Rand to the use of tiles and mosaics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban. The paper begins by highlighting the importance of this study, discusses the role of ceramic architectural adornment and defines terminology for the purpose of this research. In addition an explanation of the research methodology used, research questions and literature review is provided. The study is contextualised through an overview of the historical background of the use of ceramics (tiles and mosaics) as an aesthetic element in architecture. The importance of the use of ceramic elements in relation to architecture, as well as the different techniques and methods of production, are highlighted and related to contemporary practice. The overview provides insight into how the use of ceramic elements in the past has influenced the approach of contemporary practice. My contribution to the use of mosaics as an aesthetic architectural element in Durban and my art practice, in the form of an installation titled passage is discussed and evaluated. The paper concludes by noting that the historical use of tiles and mosaics as aesthetic elements in architecture persists in contemporary art practice. However, the methods of tiled mosaic production and tiled mosaic techniques have been revolutionised extensively. It is evident that, the use of ceramics as an aesthetic element in Durban architecture reflects, both a strong European design influence and a distinctive local identity.

Robots in recycling and disassembly

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electronic Waste Recycling ◽  
Product Disassembly ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to illustrate the growing role robots are playing in recycling and product disassembly and provide an insight into recent research activities. Design/methodology/approach Following a short introduction, this first considers robotic waste sorting systems and then describes two systems for the disassembly of electronic products. It then provides details of some recent research activities. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings Robotic systems exploiting artificial intelligence combined with various sensing and machine vision technologies are playing a growing role in the sorting of municipal and industrial waste, prior to recycling. These are mostly based on delta robots and can achieve pick rates of 60-70 items/min and be configured to recognise and select a wide range of different materials and items from moving conveyors. Electronic waste recycling is yet to benefit significantly from robotics although a limited number of systems have been developed for product disassembly. Disassembly techniques are the topic of a concerted research effort which often involves robots and humans collaborating and sharing disassembly tasks. Originality/value This provides an insight into the present-day uses and potential future role of robots in recycling which has traditionally been a highly labour-intensive industry.

scholarly journals The Role of the Fibronectin IGD Motif in Stimulating Fibroblast Migration

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (49) ◽  
pp. 35530-35535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Millard ◽  
Ian R. Ellis ◽  
Andrew R. Pickford ◽  
Ana M. Schor ◽  
Seth L. Schor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Migration Stimulating Factor ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Stimulating Factor ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Stimulation Of

The motogenic activity of migration-stimulating factor, a truncated isoform of fibronectin (FN), has been attributed to the IGD motifs present in its FN type 1 modules. The structure-function relationship of various recombinant IGD-containing FN fragments is now investigated. Their structure is assessed by solution state NMR and their motogenic ability tested on fibroblasts. Even conservative mutations in the IGD motif are inactive or have severely reduced potency, while the structure remains essentially the same. A fragment with two IGD motifs is 100 times more active than a fragment with one and up to 106 times more than synthetic tetrapeptides. The wide range of potency in different contexts is discussed in terms of cryptic FN sites and cooperativity. These results give new insight into the stimulation of fibroblast migration by IGD motifs in FN.

Secondment in the United Nations Secretariat: An Alternative View

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Kay
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Institutional Dynamics ◽  
Political Contention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Insight Into

With the increased concern in the post-1960 period over the problem of achieving an equitable geographical distribution in the United Nations Secretariat, renewed attention has been focused on the role of short-term appointments in the recruitment of Secretariat personnel. What in the previous fifteen years of the Organization's history had been viewed largely as a technical facet of personnel policy suddenly became an issue of political contention in both the Fifth (Administrative and Budgetary) Committee and in the General Assembly itself. This article will first briefly detail the various positions in the debate over the role of short-term appointments. Its main focus, however, will be on the institutional dynamics to which secondment relates and on an attempt to gain insight into its operation through the experience of the European Communities with this type of appointment.

Qualitative perspectives: through a methodological lens

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Parker
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Management Scholarship

Purpose – This paper aims to offer an insight into the emergent qualitative methodological profile and its distinctive contribution to accounting and management scholarship, particularly reflecting upon the contribution of Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management (QRAM). Design/methodology/approach – It examines the range of qualitative methodologies employed in the research published across the ten years of QRAM and analyses the methodological discourse and its contribution to the armoury available to qualitative researchers. In association with these methodological developments, the paper offers a critique of the articulated role of theory in contemporary accounting and management qualitative research. Findings – A wide range of qualitative methodologies are found to be in evidence, with considerable scope for further adoption and development of some. Methodological exposition papers are found to be a significant contribution in the past decade and include methodological framework building, methodological applications, methodological critiques, and methodological development exemplars. Alongside methodology, the dual role of theory as either informing or reflecting methodology is presented. Originality/value – The paper provides a critical analysis and consideration of qualitative methodological literature development in the last ten years of accounting and management research literature, particularly reflected in QRAM. It identifies dominant methodologies in use, as well as opportunities for expanding the methodological menu in accounting and management research. Furthermore, it classifies groups of methodological papers and their contributing perspectives, as well as addressing the often-vexed relationship between theory and methodology.

scholarly journals REGISTERS IN CARDIOLOGY: THEIR PRINCIPLES, RULES, AND REAL-WORD POTENTIAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Boytsov ◽  
S. Yu. Martsevich ◽  
N. P. Kutishenko ◽  
L. Yu. Drozdova ◽  
M. M. Lukyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Word ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article presents the main goals, tasks, principles, and methodological aspects of the cardiology register development. The authors describe the main types of registers, provide the examples, and specify the key principles of the register development and maintenance. In addition, they discuss the role of both long- and short-term registers in solving a wide range of important research tasks, particularly in the areas of effectiveness and safety of cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and the survival prognosis for specific nosological forms. The task-specific limitations of registers are also discussed. 

Using Social Media for Participatory City Branding

2017 ◽  
pp. 1459-1481
Author(s):  
Ebru Uzunoglu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Arena ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

With the rapid explosion of Internet, social media has emerged as a new communication venue for city branding initiative. The aim of this chapter is to provide a deeper understanding of today's communication environment, and in particular, to focus the greater interactivity, engagement and responsiveness of resources in relation to city branding. Thus, this chapter firstly outlines the participatory city branding, which can be considered as an appropriate approach for involving wide range of stakeholders in promoting cities as brands. Secondly, the role of social media and its influential users are scrutinized to better present their importance for city branding. Following this, the examined Instagram campaign to promote the city of Izmir intends to allow greater insight into how to utilize online platforms in order to communicate a city both to its citizens and to global arena. And finally, the chapter leads to practical implications regarding how to benefit from social media for effective participatory city branding.

The Role of Social Reinforcement in the Maintenance of Short-Term Effects after a Self-Management Intervention for Frail Housebound Seniors with Arthritis

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Laforest ◽  
Kareen Nour ◽  
Monique A.M. Gignac ◽  
Lise Gauvin ◽  
Manon Parisien
Keyword(s):  
Self Management ◽  
Social Reinforcement ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Post Randomisation ◽  
Short Term Effects

RÉSUMÉUne étude a montré que le programmeMon arthrite, je m’en charge!pouvait réduire la perception des limitations fonctionnelles des participants du groupe expérimental, réduire leur sentiment d’impuissance et améliorer leur perception de gestion de la maladie. La présente étude examine le maintien de ces bénéfices et le rôle du renforcement social sur ce maintien, huit mois après l’intervention. Les mesures ont été prises à quatre temps: 1) mesure de base (n=125); 2) deux mois plus tard, avant randomisation (pré-intervention); 3) deux mois post randomisation (post-intervention) et 4) dix mois après la randomisation (post-intervention 2) (n=80). Un devis expérimental randomisé a été utilisé pour comparer trois groupes: le groupe témoin, le groupe expérimental sans renforcement social et le groupe expérimental avec renforcement social post-intervention (i.e., téléphones mensuels par un bénévole). Les analyses multiniveaux ont révélé que les participants du groupe expérimental avec renforcement social ont continué à rapporter moins de limitations fonctionnelles (p= 0.05) et une meilleure perception de gestion de la maladie (p=0.07) que les participants du groupe expérimental sans renforcement social. Cette étude fournit des preuves préliminaires sur la valeur ajoutée des renforcements post-intervention pour maintenir les effets d’un programme d’autogestion chez des aînés frêles, confinés à domicile.

Exploring the role of endothelium in the tumour response to anti-angiogenic therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569-1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chao He ◽  
Michael M. Halford ◽  
Marc G. Achen ◽  
Steven A. Stacker
Keyword(s):  
Human Cancer ◽  
Tumour Response ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Hallmarks Of Cancer ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Angiogenic Therapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cancer Inhibition ◽  
Insight Into

A chronic hyperactivated angiogenic state in cancer plays an important role in tumour growth and metastasis and has been identified as one of the hallmarks of cancer. Inhibition of this process has been associated with tumour suppression in many pre-clinical contexts using different animal tumour models. Anti-angiogenic therapeutics were subsequently developed and used to treat several prevalent types of human cancer. However, recent clinical experience has revealed limitations of this approach in treating cancer as patient response varies over a wide range. Given that there are complex underlying molecular and cellular changes provoked by anti-angiogenic treatment within the tumour microenvironment (TME), it is not surprising that modest effectiveness and resistance have been observed in the clinical setting. This article discusses these issues in the context of VEGF-A-targeted anti-angiogenic treatment of cancer and provides insight into the importance of tumour endothelium for understanding the tumour response to anti-angiogenic therapy. Special consideration is also given to possible approaches for investigating how endothelium contributes to the tumour response to anti-angiogenic agents and for exploring the therapeutic and biomarker potential of targeting tumour endothelium.

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