scholarly journals Calculation Analysis of Pressure Wave Velocity in Gas and Drilling Mud Two-Phase Fluid in Annulus during Drilling Operations

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhua Lin ◽  
Xiangwei Kong ◽  
Yijie Qiu ◽  
Qiji Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Void Fraction ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Angular Frequency ◽  
Mass Force ◽  
Virtual Mass ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Well Depth

Investigation of propagation characteristics of a pressure wave is of great significance to the solution of the transient pressure problem caused by unsteady operations during management pressure drilling operations. With consideration of the important factors such as virtual mass force, drag force, angular frequency, gas influx rate, pressure, temperature, and well depth, a united wave velocity model has been proposed based on pressure gradient equations in drilling operations, gas-liquid two-fluid model, the gas-drilling mud equations of state, and small perturbation theory. Solved by adopting the Runge-Kutta method, calculation results indicate that the wave velocity and void fraction have different values with respect to well depth. In the annulus, the drop of pressure causes an increase in void fraction along the flow direction. The void fraction increases first slightly and then sharply; correspondingly the wave velocity first gradually decreases and then slightly increases. In general, the wave velocity tends to increase with the increase in back pressure and the decrease of gas influx rate and angular frequency, significantly in low range. Taking the virtual mass force into account, the dispersion characteristic of the pressure wave weakens obviously, especially at the position close to the wellhead.

scholarly journals A Novel Dynamic Model for Predicting Pressure Wave Velocity in Four-Phase Fluid Flowing along the Drilling Annulus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangwei Kong ◽  
Yuanhua Lin ◽  
Yijie Qiu ◽  
Xing Qi
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Mass Force ◽  
Virtual Mass ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Phase Fluid

A dynamic pressure wave velocity model is presented based on momentum equation, mass-balance equation, equation of state, and small perturbation theory. Simultaneously, the drift model was used to analyze the flow characteristics of oil, gas, water, and drilling fluid multiphase flow. In addition, the dynamic model considers the gas dissolution, virtual mass force, drag force, and relative motion of the interphase as well. Finite difference and Newton-Raphson iterative are introduced to the numerical simulation of the dynamic model. The calculation results indicate that the wave velocity is more sensitive to the increase of gas influx rate than the increase of oil/water influx rate. Wave velocity decreases significantly with the increase of gas influx. Influenced by the pressure drop of four-phase fluid flowing along the annulus, wave velocity tends to increase with respect to well depth, contrary to the gradual reduction of gas void fraction at different depths with the increase of backpressure (BP). Analysis also found that the growth of angular frequency will lead to an increase of wave velocity at low range. Comparison with the calculation results without considering virtual mass force demonstrates that the calculated wave velocity is relatively bigger by using the presented model.

scholarly journals A New Model for Predicting Dynamic Surge Pressure in Gas and Drilling Mud Two-Phase Flow during Tripping Operations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangwei Kong ◽  
Yuanhua Lin ◽  
Yijie Qiu ◽  
Hongjun Zhu ◽  
Long Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Conservation Equations ◽  
Calculation Results

Investigation of surge pressure is of great significance to the circulation loss problem caused by unsteady operations in management pressure drilling (MPD) operations. With full consideration of the important factors such as wave velocity, gas influx rate, pressure, temperature, and well depth, a new surge pressure model has been proposed based on the mass conservation equations and the momentum conservation equations during MPD operations. The finite-difference method, the Newton-Raphson iterative method, and the fourth-order explicit Runge-Kutta method (R-K4) are adopted to solve the model. Calculation results indicate that the surge pressure has different values with respect to different drill pipe tripping speeds and well parameters. In general, the surge pressure tends to increase with the increases of drill pipe operating speed and with the decrease of gas influx rate and wellbore diameter. When the gas influx occurs, the surge pressure is weakened obviously. The surge pressure can cause a significant lag time if the gas influx occurs at bottomhole, and it is mainly affected by pressure wave velocity. The maximum surge pressure may occur before drill pipe reaches bottomhole, and the surge pressure is mainly affected by drill pipe operating speed and gas influx rate.

Numerical analysis for interphase forces of gas-liquid flow in a multiphase pump

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 2386-2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Liu ◽  
Shan Cao ◽  
Shuliang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Drag Force ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Lift Force ◽  
Turbulent Dispersion ◽  
Dispersion Force ◽  
Mass Force ◽  
Virtual Mass ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiphase Pump ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow

Purpose The modeling of interphase forces plays a significant role in the numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump, which deserves detailed study. Design/methodology/approach Numerical analysis is conducted to estimate the influence of interphase forces, including drag force, lift force, virtual mass force, wall lubrication force and turbulent dispersion force. Findings The results show that the magnitude of the interphase forces can be sorted by: drag force > virtual mass force > lift force > turbulent dispersion force > wall lubrication force. The relations between interphase forces and velocity difference of gas–liquid flow and also the interphase forces and gas volume fraction are revealed. The distribution characteristics of interphase forces in the passages from impeller inlet to diffuser outlet are illustrated and analyzed. According to the results, apart from the drag force, the virtual mass force, lift force and turbulent dispersion force are required, whereas wall lubrication force can be neglected for numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump. Compared with the conventional numerical method which considers drag force only, the relative errors of predicted pressure rise and efficiency based on the proposed numerical method in account of four major forces can be reduced by 4.95 per cent and 3.00 per cent, respectively. Originality value The numerical analysis reveals the magnitude and distribution of interphase forces inside multiphase pump, which is meaningful for the simulation and design of multiphase pump.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Foam Drilling Hydraulics

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Baris ◽  
Luis Ayala ◽  
W. Watson Robert
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Pressure Profiles ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Bit Life ◽  
Foam Drilling

The use of foam as a drilling fluid was developed to meet a special set of conditions under which other common drilling fluids had failed. Foam drilling is defined as the process of making boreholes by utilizing foam as the circulating fluid. When compared with conventional drilling, underbalanced or foam drilling has several advantages. These advantages include: avoidance of lost circulation problems, minimizing damage to pay zones, higher penetration rates and bit life. Foams are usually characterized by the quality, the ratio of the volume of gas, and the total foam volume. Obtaining dependable pressure profiles for aerated (gasified) fluids and foam is more difficult than for single phase fluids, since in the former ones the drilling mud contains a gas phase that is entrained within the fluid system. The primary goal of this study is to expand the knowledge-base of the hydrodynamic phenomena that occur in a foam drilling operation. In order to gain a better understanding of foam drilling operations, a hydrodynamic model is developed and run at different operating conditions. For this purpose, the flow of foam through the drilling system is modeled by invoking the basic principles of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics. The model was designed to allow gas and liquid flow at desired volumetric flow rates through the drillstring and annulus. Parametric studies are conducted in order to identify the most influential variables in the hydrodynamic modeling of foam flow. 

Dense Suspension Flows: a Mathematical Model Consistent with Thermodynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shelukhin ◽  
Vladimir Neverov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Mass Force ◽  
Continuum Thermodynamics ◽  
Flux Vector ◽  
Virtual Mass ◽  
Suspension Flows ◽  
Dense Suspension ◽  
Dense Suspensions ◽  
Archimedes Force ◽  
Particle Mass Concentration

Abstract We address the flows of dense suspensions of particles within the framework of two-velocity continuum. Thermodynamics of such a continuum is developed by the method suggested in the papers of L. D. Landau and I. M. Khalatnikov. As an application, we consider the convective settling problem. We capture the Boycott effect and prove that the enhanced sedimentation occurs in a 10 tilted vessel due to vortices. We do not call on additional interphase forces like the Stokes drag, the virtual mass force, the Archimedes force, the Basset-Boussinesq force and etc. Instead, we apply a generalized Fick's law for the particle mass concentration flux vector.

Influence of Sensitive Parameters on Pressure Wave Velocity of Gas Drilling Fluid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangang Shi ◽  
Wenhui Dang ◽  
Zhenxin Jiang ◽  
Hengzhi Chu ◽  
Yingjie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

scholarly journals Comparison of Fluid Pressure Wave between Biot Theory and Storativity Equation

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Guangquan Li ◽  
Kui Liu ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
Biot Theory ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Apparent Permeability ◽  
Very High

Compressibilities of pore fluid and rock skeleton affect pressure profile and flow velocity of fluid in aquifers. Storativity equation is often used to characterize such effects. The equation suffers from a disadvantage that at infinite large frequency, the predicted velocity of fluid pressure wave is infinitely large, which is unrealistic because any physical processes need certain amounts of time. In this paper, Biot theory is employed to investigate the problem. It is shown that the key equations of Biot theory can be simplified to storativity equation, based on low-frequency assumption. Using Berea sandstone as an example, we compare phase velocity and the quality factor between Biot theory and storativity equation. The results reveal that Biot theory is more accurate in yielding a bounded wave velocity. At frequency lower than 100 kHz, Biot theory yields a wave velocity 8 percent higher than storativity equation does. Apparent permeability measured by fluid pressure wave (such as Oscillatory Hydraulic Tomography) may be 14 percent higher than real permeability measured by steady flow experiments. If skeleton is rigid, Biot theory at very high frequencies or with very high permeabilities will yield the same velocity as sound wave in pure water. The findings help us for better understanding of the physical processes of pore fluid and the limitations of storativity equation.

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