scholarly journals Glycoconjugates and Related Molecules in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Sasaki ◽  
Masashi Toyoda
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Functional Roles

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of blood vessels. They are critically involved in many physiological functions, including control of vasomotor tone, blood cell trafficking, hemostatic balance, permeability, proliferation, survival, and immunity. It is considered that impairment of EC functions leads to the development of vascular diseases. The carbohydrate antigens carried by glycoconjugates (e.g., glycoproteins, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycans) mainly present on the cell surface serve not only as marker molecules but also as functional molecules. Recent studies have revealed that the carbohydrate composition of the EC surface is critical for these cells to perform their physiological functions. In this paper, we consider the expression and functional roles of endogenous glycoconjugates and related molecules (galectins and glycan-degrading enzymes) in human ECs.

9t18:1 and 11t18:1 activate the MAPK pathway to regulate the expression of PLA2 and cause inflammation in HUVECs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 649-661
Author(s):  
Sheng-Ben Hu ◽  
Qian Zou ◽  
Xin Lv ◽  
Ruo-Lin Zhou ◽  
Xian Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation

trans fatty acids (TFAs) have been reported to promote vascular diseases mainly by promoting apoptosis and inflammation of vascular endothelial cells.

Gene Regulation and Arteriosclerosis: Are Developmental Programs Reactivated in Vascular Disease?

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (S 01) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Cam Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Insight Into

SummaryThe molecular mechanisms regulating the development of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis remain poorly understood at present. Similarities between genetic programs observed during the course of vascular disease with those observed during vascular development suggest that developmental processes are recapitulated in vascular disease. The earliest event in vascular development is the differentiation of endothelial cells from their mesodermally-derived hamangioblastic precursors. The receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor, KDR/flk-1, plays a critical role in these earliest stages of vascular development. During development and in the adult, expression of this receptor is restricted to vascular endothelial cells and their immediate precursors. We have therefore endeavored to determine the transcriptional events regulating KDR/flk-1 expression, with the hope of gaining insight into processes of vascular development that might also be important in vascular diseases of the adult.

Whole-cell and nuclear NADPH oxidases levels and distribution in human endocardial endothelial, vascular smooth muscle, and vascular endothelial cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ahmarani ◽  
Levon Avedanian ◽  
Johny Al-Khoury ◽  
Claudine Perreault ◽  
Danielle Jacques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Cardiovascular Cells ◽  
Nuclear Levels

The results of our study show that whole-cell and nuclear levels of NADPH oxidase-1 (NOX1) are similar in human vascular endothelial cells (hVECs) and smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs), but lower in human endocardial endothelial cells (hEECs). NOX2 levels were higher in hVECs and lower in hVSMCs. NOX3 levels were the same in hVECs and hVSMCs, but lower in hEECs. NOX4 levels were similar in all of the cell types. NOX4 levels were higher in hVECs than in hVSMCs. NOX5 was also present throughout the 3 cell types, including their nuclei, in the following order: hEECs > hVSMCs > hVECs. The level of basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) was highest in hVECs and lowest in hVSMCs. However, the Ca2+ level was highest in hVSMCs and lowest in hVECs. These findings suggest that all types of NOXs exist in hEECs, hVECs, and hVSMCs, although their density and distribution are cell-type dependent. The density of the different NOXs correlated with the ROS level, but not with the Ca2+ level. In conclusion, NOXs, including NOX3, exist in cardiovascular cells and their nuclei. The nucleus is a major source of ROS generation. The nuclear NOXs may contribute to ROS and Ca2+ homeostasis, which may affect cell remodeling, including the formation of nuclear T-tubules in vascular diseases and aging.

The Endothelial Cell and the Factor VIII Bypassing Activity of Prothrombin Complex Concentrate

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome M Teitel ◽  
Hong-Yu Ni ◽  
John J Freedman ◽  
M Bernadette Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Monolayer Cultures ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
Privileged Site

SummarySome classical hemophiliacs have a paradoxical hemostatic response to prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). We hypothesized that vascular endothelial cells (EC) may contribute to this “factor VIII bypassing activity”. When PCC were incubated with suspensions or monolayer cultures of EC, they acquired the ability to partially bypass the defect of factor VIII deficient plasma. This factor VIII bypassing activity distributed with EC and not with the supernatant PCC, and was not a general property of intravascular cells. The effect of PCC was even more dramatic on fixed EC monolayers, which became procoagulant after incubation with PCC. The time courses of association and dissociation of the PCC-derived factor VIII bypassing activity of fixed and viable EC monolayers were both rapid. We conclude that EC may provide a privileged site for sequestration of constituents of PCC which express coagulant activity and which bypass the abnormality of factor VIII deficient plasma.

Alterations in Vascular Endothelial Cell-related Plasma Proteins In Thalassaemic Patients and their Correlation with Clinical Symptoms

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (04) ◽  
pp. 1045-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Butthep ◽  
A Bunyaratvej ◽  
Y Funahara ◽  
H Kitaguchi ◽  
S Fucharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Leg Ulcers

SummaryAn increased level of plasma thrombomodulin (TM) in α- and β- thalassaemia was demonstrated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Nonsplenectomized patients with β-thalassaemia/ haemoglobin E (BE) had higher levels of TM than splenectomized cases (BE-S). Patients with leg ulcers (BE-LU) were found to have the highest increase in TM level. Appearance of larger platelets in all types of thalassaemic blood was observed indicating an increase in the number of younger platelets. These data indicate that injury of vascular endothelial cells is present in thalassaemic patients.

Actions of Liraglutide on Vascular Endothelial Cells Play a Central Role in the Suppression of Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 487-P
Author(s):  
MUNENORI HIROMURA ◽  
YUSAKU MORI ◽  
MASAKAZU KOSHIBU ◽  
HIDEKI KUSHIMA ◽  
KYOKO KOHASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Diabetic Mice
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