scholarly journals Concentrations and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Seawater around Langkawi Island, Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Nasher ◽  
Lee Yook Heng ◽  
Zuriati Zakaria ◽  
Salmijah Surif
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
European Union ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Molecular Weight Pahs

This paper reports the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water around the Island and their probable sources. Water samples were collected from four jetties and three marine fish farms around the main Langkawi Island and analysed for 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in December 2010. The total PAH concentrations ranged from 6.1 ± 0.43 to 46 ± 0.42 μgL−1, which exceed the maximum admissible concentrations of PAHs (0.20 μgL−1) for the water standard of European Union. The calculated diagnostic benzo[a]anthracene : benzo[a]anthracene + chrysene ratio of between 0.52 and 1.0 suggests that the sources of PAHs at the majority of the stations studied are derived primarily from pyrogenic sources, from incomplete fuel combustion of the boats and vehicle engines, with lesser amounts of PAHs contributed from petrogenic sources. Some stations displayed mixed sources. A significant positive correlation was found between total organic carbon (TOC) and the concentrations of the high-molecular-weight PAHs (r2=0.86,P<0.05), which suggests significant secondary sources of PAHs, such as those from atmospheric deposition.

scholarly journals Water-Sediment Partition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Nansi Lake

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Guizhai Zhang ◽  
Youjiang Diao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Nansi Lake ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Molecular Weight Pahs

Based on field data of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment in Nansi Lake. The concentrations and the partitioning characteristic of PAHs in the water and sediment were studied. The lgKd of high molecular weight PAHs were higher than the low molecular weight PAHs. The most of PAHs Kd values were negligible correlated with TOC, soluble salt, clay and pH of the sediment in Nansi Lake.

scholarly journals Investigation and Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Concentrations in Sediments at Drainage Discharge Points into the Mangrove Stretch of New Calabar River, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Mangrove Wetlands ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Molecular Weight Pahs

Sediment samples were collected from surface of sediments from parts of the mangrove wetlands of the New Calabar River at points of effluents discharge. The samples were treated according to standard procedures and analyzed for the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results showed the presence of ten PAHs at Iwofe Jetty and Police Post stations and eleven PAHs at the Minipiti station. The summation of the total PAHs in the stations showed 23.440, 33.694 and 51.094 mg/Kg in sediments from Iwofe Jetty, Minipiti and Police Post stations respectively. Pyrene was the most abundant PAH in sediment from Iwofe station, Dibenzo (a,h) anthracene was the most abundant PAH at the Minipiti Station and acenaphthylene was the most abundant PAH at the Police Post Station. The categorization of the PAHs classes showed that the high molecular weight PAHs (HMW PAHS) were more abundant than the low molecular weight (PAHs) in all the stations examined, although, at the Police Post station, the values were very close. The 4-membered rings were more abundant in sediments from Iwofe Jetty station. The 4 and 5-membered rings were more abundant at the Minipiti station and the 2-3 membered rings were dominant at the police Post station. The 6-membered rings were the least abundant or undetected in all the stations. Source and origin diagnosis showed that LMW/ HMW PAHs as pyrogenic in all the stations, An/(An+Phe) ratio revealed pyrogenic sources of PAHs, Fl/(Fl+Pyr) analysis in all the stations indicated petrogenic origin of PAHs, BaA/ (BaA+Chr) evaluation in all the stations revealed pyrogenic sources of PAHs. The mixed sources of PAHs in the wetlands drainage discharge points calls for concern and therefore, efforts should be geared to identify the points at which they were introduced into the effluents and be adequately controlled to prevent harm to the environment.

Microbial Properties and Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Contaminated Farmland Soil with Bioremediation

2014 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Hai Bo Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ji Fu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Total Pahs ◽  
Farmland Soil ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Microbial Agent

Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and microbial quantity were investigated in aged PAHs-contaminated soil in a pot experiment with regrass and alfalfa. After 60 days germination the concentration of total PAHs in soil decreased by 37.57% and 38.41% with the treatment of ryegrass-microbe agent and alfalfa-microbe agent. The processes of ryegrass and alfalfa were 18.72% and 19.34%. The root system promoted the quantity of microbe and the microbial agent was benefit for the PAHs degrading microbe. And there was significant positive correlation between the number of PAHs degrading microorganisms and the removal rate of PAHs in the soil.

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Indoor Dust Collected during the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Saudi Arabia: Status, Sources and Human Health Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2743
Author(s):  
Sultan Hassan Alamri ◽  
Nadeem Ali ◽  
Hussain Mohammed Salem Ali Albar ◽  
Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid ◽  
Nisreen Rajeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Indoor Environment Quality ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

To control the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), Saudi Arabia’s government imposed a strict lockdown during March–July 2020. As a result, the public was confined to indoors, and most of their daily activities were happening in their indoor places, which might have resulted in lower indoor environment quality. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in household dust (n = 40) collected from different residential districts of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, during the lockdown period. PAHs’ levels were two folds higher than the previously reported PAHs in indoor dust from this region. We detected low molecular weight (LMW) with two to four aromatic ring PAHs in all the samples with a significant contribution from Phenanthrene (Phe), present at an average concentration of 1590 ng/g of dust. Although high molecular weight (HMW) (5–6 aromatic ring) PAHs were detected at lower concentrations than LMW PAHs, however, they contributed >90% in the carcinogenic index of PAHs. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of specific PAHs was above the reference dose (RfD) for young children in high-end exposure and the calculated Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) was >1.00 × 10−4 for both Saudi adults and young children. The study highlighted that indoor pollution has increased significantly during lockdown due to the increased indoor activities and inversely affect human health. This study also warrants to conduct more studies involving different chemicals to understand the indoor environment quality during strict lockdown conditions.

scholarly journals The Most Important Methods for Depollution of Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura DOBOS ◽  
Carmen PUIA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Naphthenic Acids ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Crude oil is a highly complex mixture of hydrocarbons amounting to hundreds of individual compounds with different chemical structure and molecular weight plus a series of lower molecular weight compounds other than hydrocarbons (phenols, thiols, naphthenic acids, heterocyclic compounds with N (pyridines, pyrrole, indole, s.o.) compounds S (alkyl thiols, thiophene, etc.) (Zarnea, 1994). Mineral oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) creates larger environmental problems. They are considered particularly dangerous. In this regard, EPA Agency from U.S.A. includes a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under 16 priority pollutants, which require special attention. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) has identified 15 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including six of the 16 types of PAHs, identifiable by the USEPA as having carcinogenic properties (Chauhan Archana et al., 2008).

scholarly journals Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Moderately Halophilic Bacteria from Luzon Salt Beds

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Nanca ◽  
Kimberly D. Neri ◽  
Anna Christina R. Ngo ◽  
Reuel M. Bennett ◽  
Gina R. Dedeles
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Background. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants which are highly toxic due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. They are released into the environment by incomplete combustion of solid and liquid fuels, accidental spillage of oils and seepage from industrial activities. One of the promising processes mitigating PAHs is through biodegradation. However, conventional microbiological treatment processes do not function well at high salt concentrations. Hence, utilization of halophilic bacteria should be considered. Objectives. This study aimed to assess the ability of halophilic bacteria isolated from local salt beds in Pangasinan and Cavite, the Philippines, to degrade PAHs pyrene, fluorene and fluoranthene. Methods. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-tolerant halophilic bacteria collected from two sampling sites were phenotypically characterized, molecularly identified and tested to determine their potential to degrade the PAHs pyrene, fluorene and fluoranthene at a hypersaline condition. Best PAH degraders were then assayed to identify the optimal degradation using such parameters as pH, temperature and PAH concentration. Testing for enzyme degradation was also done to determine their baseline information. Extraction and analysis of degraded PAHs were performed using centrifugation and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Results. Twelve isolates from both collection sites tolerated and grew in culture with selected PAHs. These were identified into four genera (Halobacillus, Halomonas, Chromohalobacter, and Pontibacillus). Selected best isolates in a series of biodegradation assays with the above-mentioned parameters were Halobacillus B (Collection of Microbial Strains (CMS) 1802) (=trueperi) (Gram-positive) for pyrene and fluoranthene, and Halomonas A (CMS 1901) (Gram-negative) for fluorene. Degrader biomass and PAH degradation were invariably negatively correlated. Qualitative tests with and without peptone as a nitrogen source implied enzymatic degradation. Discussion. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons utilized by these halophilic bacteria served as a sole source of carbon and energy. Implications of biodegradation of the two best isolates show that high molecular weight (HMW) (4-ring) pyrene tends to be degraded better by Gram-positive bacteria and low molecular weight (3-ring) fluorene by Gram-negative degraders. Conclusions. Halophilic bacteria constitute an untapped natural resource for biotechnology in the Philippines. The present study demonstrated their potential use in bioremediation of recalcitrant hydrocarbons in the environment. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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