scholarly journals IBP′: A New Index to Estimate Biogeographical Peculiarity

ISRN Ecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pizzolotto ◽  
Pietro Brandmayr
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Biotic Homogenization ◽  
New Method ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Cumulative Sum ◽  
Conservation Biogeography ◽  
Different Types

The biogeographical peculiarity of a given geographical area is directly linked to the number of its endemic species. This paper aims to formulate an index directly linked to the biogeographical peculiarity of an area. A graphical model and an index of the biogeographical peculiarity are proposed, based on a cumulative sum (i.e., including all the amounts that were added previously). An example of the computations is proposed, based on the number of different types of geographical ranges (i.e., chorotypes) characterizing two different ecosystems; their biogeographical peculiarity of was evaluated on the basis of presence versus absence of carabid species. Both the graphical model and the index mirrored the different faunistic compositions of the ecosystems, because the index reached a higher value where more endemic species have been found. Our investigation has found a new method for evaluating the biogeographical peculiarity of a given area or biota in a simple way. The index could be used for either conservation biogeography (e.g., monitoring of biotic homogenization) or for theoretical studies integrating ecology and biogeography.

scholarly journals Experimental and theoretical studies on thymine photodimerization mediated by oxidatively generated DNA lesions and epigenetic intermediates

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (44) ◽  
pp. 25661-25668
Author(s):  
Mauricio Lineros-Rosa ◽  
Antonio Francés-Monerris ◽  
Antonio Monari ◽  
Miguel Angel Miranda ◽  
Virginie Lhiaubet-Vallet
Keyword(s):  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Thymine Dimers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

Combined spectroscopic and computational studies reveal that, in spite of their structural similarities, 5-formyluracil and 5-formylcytosine photosensitize cyclobutane thymine dimers through two different types of mechanisms.

Performance assessment of the complex repairable system with n-identical units under (k-out-of-n: G) scheme and copula linguistic repair approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Singh ◽  
Abubakkar Idris Mohhammad ◽  
Kabiru Hamisu Ibrahim ◽  
Ibrahim Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Method ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Repairable System ◽  
Variable Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Assessment ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper analyzed a complex system consisting n-identical units under a k-out-of-n: G; configuration via a new method which has not been studied by previous researchers. The computed results are more supportable for repairable system performability analysis.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors have analyzed a complex system consisting n-identical units under a k-out-of-n: G; configuration via a new method which has not been studied by previous researchers. The supplementary variable technique has employed for analyzing the performance of the system.FindingsReliability measures have been computed for different types of configuration. It generalized the results for purely series and purely parallel configurations.Research limitations/implicationsThis research may be beneficial for industrial system performances whereas a k-out-of-n-type configuration exists.Practical implicationsNot sure as it is a theoretical assessment.Social implicationsThis research may not have social implications.Originality/valueThis work is the sole work of authors that have not been communicated to any other journal before.

Estimation of Rainfall Based on the Results of Polarimetric Echo Classification

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 2445-2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott E. Giangrande ◽  
Alexander V. Ryzhkov
Keyword(s):  
Type A ◽  
New Method ◽  
Polarimetric Radar ◽  
Rainfall Estimation ◽  
Radar Rainfall ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rms Error ◽  
Radar Resolution ◽  
Rainfall Estimates

Abstract The quality of polarimetric radar rainfall estimation is investigated for a broad range of distances from the polarimetric prototype of the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D). The results of polarimetric echo classification have been integrated into the study to investigate the performance of radar rainfall estimation contingent on hydrometeor type. A new method for rainfall estimation that capitalizes on the results of polarimetric echo classification (EC method) is suggested. According to the EC method, polarimetric rainfall relations are utilized if the radar resolution volume is filled with rain (or rain and hail), and multiple R(Z) relations are used for different types of frozen hydrometeors. The intercept parameters in the R(Z) relations for each class are determined empirically from comparisons with gauges. It is shown that the EC method exhibits better performance than the conventional WSR-88D algorithm with a reduction by a factor of 1.5–2 in the rms error of 1-h rainfall estimates up to distances of 150 km from the radar.

scholarly journals Understanding medical civil-military relationships within the humanitarian-development-peace ‘triple nexus’: a typology to enable effective discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. jramc-2019-001382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Horne ◽  
S Boland
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Military Activity ◽  
Hearts And Minds

The interface between humanitarianism, development and peacebuilding is increasingly congested. Western foreign policies have shifted towards pro-active stabilisation agendae and so Civil-Military Relationships (CMRel) will inevitably be more frequent. Debate is hampered by lack of a common language or clear, mutually understood operational contexts to define such relationships. Often it may be easier to simply assume that military co-operation attempts are solely to ‘win hearts and minds’, rather than attempt to navigate the morass of different acronyms. In healthcare, such relationships are common and more complex - partly as health is seen as both an easy entry point for diplomacy and so is a priority for militaries, and because health is so critical to apolitical humanitarian responses. This paper identifies the characteristics of commonly described kinds of CMRel, and then derives a typology that describe them in functional groups as they apply to healthcare-related contexts (although it is likely to be far more widely applicable). Three broad classifications are described, and then mapped against 6 axes; the underlying military and civilian motivations, the level of the engagement (strategic to tactical), the relative stability of the geographical area, and finally the alignment between the civilian and military interests. A visual representation shows where different types may co-exist, and where they are likely to be more problematic. The model predicts two key areas where friction is likely; tactical interactions in highly unstable areas and in lower threat areas where independent military activity may undermine ongoing civilian programmes. The former is well described, supporting the typology. The latter is not and represents an ideal area for future study. In short, we describe an in-depth typology mapping the Civil-Military space in humanitarian and development contexts with a focus on healthcare, defining operational spaces and the identifying of areas of synergy and friction.

scholarly journals Relief Demand Calculation in Humanitarian Logistics Using Material Classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 582
Author(s):  
Jianfang Shao ◽  
Changyong Liang ◽  
Xihui Wang ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Liang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Humanitarian Logistics ◽  
New Method ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Material Classification ◽  
Response Practice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
General Method

Demand calculation, which is the base of most logistics decisions and activities, is a critical work in humanitarian logistics (HL). However, previous studies on demand calculation in HL mainly focus on demand forecasting methodology, with many neglecting the checklist of critical supplies and practice background. This work proposes a new method for relief demand calculation by dividing the process into two parts: supply classification and demand calculation. A general method for classifying relief supplies and clarifying the checklist of relief items for multi-disaster and multiple natural scenarios is given in detail, followed by the procedure of demand calculation for each relief material. The authors present a case study to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method based on the disaster response practice in China. Detailed lists of relief demand for different types and severities of disaster are provided.

scholarly journals Ontology as mapping of material world

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00055
Author(s):  
Irina Leshcheva ◽  
Dmitry Leshchev
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Material World ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Different Types

This paper reviews currently available approaches and methods of automated population and enrichment of ontologies or ontology-based knowledge bases by structured data stored in various heterogeneous sources. Advantages and disadvantages of each approach are pointed out. The results of the analysis allow concluding that the existing methods are not effective enough to solve practical problems. A new method suggested does not have any of the specified disadvantages. The suggested method allows integrating data from different types of sources and considering the distributed nature of data and the necessity of authentication during accessing network resources. The method also suggests a solution to the problem of integrated data conflict resolution so that it will reduce the complexity of populating and enriching ontologies using the collected data arrays, irrespective of the format in which data are stored or represented.

scholarly journals First record of horned carp Schismatorynchos nukta (Sykes, 1839) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Bangladesh and its present status

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
M Arshad Ul Alam ◽  
MA Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Distribution Form ◽  
First Time

The horned carp, Schismatorynchos nukta (Sykes, 1839) has been recorded for the first time from Bangladesh geographical area under the investigated genus of Schismatorynchos (Bleeker 1855). This fish was collected from seine net catch while exploring the hilly upstream of Sangu river at Tindu and Remakri (Thanchi, Bandarban, Bangadesh) during the winter in 2015. The species S. nukta is mostly distributed in the upland tributaries of Krishna river systems at northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra and Karnataka in India. It is reported as endemic species of Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Its distribution (IUCN status) and habitat conditions are dealt in the present paper. The findings add some information on its global distribution form and Indian endemic status.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2017, 3(1): 85-92

A new method to assess water trophy and organic pollution – the Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers (IBMR): its application to different types of river and pollution

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 570 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Haury ◽  
M. -C. Peltre ◽  
M. Trémolières ◽  
J. Barbe ◽  
G. Thiébaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollution ◽  
New Method ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Palladium-catalyzed substitution of (coumarinyl)methyl acetates with C-, N-, and S-nucleophiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1200-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalicharan Chattopadhyay ◽  
Erik Fenster ◽  
Alexander J Grenning ◽  
Jon A Tunge
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Method ◽  
Biological Screening ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reaction Proceeds ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed

The palladium-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution of (coumarinyl)methyl acetates is described. The reaction proceeds though a palladium π-benzyl-like complex and allows for many different types of C-, N-, and S-nucleophiles to be regioselectively added to the biologically active coumarin motif. This new method was utilized to prepare a 128-membered library of aminated coumarins for biological screening.

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