scholarly journals Increased Circulating Betatrophin Concentrations in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Espes ◽  
Mats Martinell ◽  
Per-Ola Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Betatrophin has recently been described as a key hormone to stimulate beta-cell mass expansion in response to insulin resistance and obesity in mice. The finding has generated an interest in the development of antidiabetic drugs with betatrophin as the active component. However, the circulating levels of betatrophin in patients with type 2 diabetes are not well known. Betatrophin concentrations in plasma of 27 type 2 diabetes patients and 18 gender-, age-, and BMI-matched controls were measured. Study participants were characterized with regard to BMI, waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, and fasting plasma blood lipids, creatinine, glucose, HbA1c, and C-peptide. HOMA2 indices were calculated. Betatrophin was 40% higher in patients with type 2 diabetes (893±80versus639±66 pg/mL). Betatrophin positively correlated with age in the controls and with HbA1c in the type 2 diabetes patients. All study participants were insulin resistant with mean HOMA2B IR in both groups exceeding 2 andHOMA2%S<50%. Control individuals had impaired fasting glucose concentrations. In this report on betatrophin concentrations in type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, elevated betatrophin levels were measured in the patients with type 2 diabetes. Future studies are clearly needed to delineate the exact role, if any, of betatrophin in regulating human beta-cell mass.

scholarly journals Beta-Cell Mass in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, and Its Relation to Pancreas Fat: A Mini-Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3846
Author(s):  
Jun Inaishi ◽  
Yoshifumi Saisho
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Pancreatic Fat

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Although insulin resistance is assumed to be a main pathophysiological feature of the development of T2DM, recent studies have revealed that a deficit of functional beta-cell mass is an essential factor for the pathophysiology of T2DM. Pancreatic fat contents increase with obesity and are suggested to cause beta-cell dysfunction. Since the beta-cell dysfunction induced by obesity or progressive decline with disease duration results in a worsening glycemic control, and treatment failure, preserving beta-cell mass is an important treatment strategy for T2DM. In this mini-review, we summarize the current knowledge on beta-cell mass, beta-cell function, and pancreas fat in obesity and T2DM, and we discuss treatment strategies for T2DM in relation to beta-cell preservation.

scholarly journals A Novel Mouse Model for Type 2 Diabetes and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Spontaneous Amelioration of Diabetes by Augmented Beta Cell Mass

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya OZE-FUKAI ◽  
Tomomi FUJISAWA ◽  
Ken SUGIMOTO ◽  
Koji NOJIMA ◽  
Nobuyasu SHINDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Five stages of progressive β-cell dysfunction in the laboratory Nile rat model of type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyuan Yang ◽  
Jonathan Gotzmann ◽  
Sharee Kuny ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Yves Sauvé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Cell Dysfunction

We compared the evolution of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in the Nile rat (Arvicanthis niloticus), a diurnal rodent model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes (T2D), when maintained on regular laboratory chow versus a high-fiber diet. Chow-fed Nile rats already displayed symptoms characteristic of insulin resistance at 2 months (increased fat/lean mass ratio and hyperinsulinemia). Hyperglycemia was first detected at 6 months, with increased incidence at 12 months. By this age, pancreatic islet structure was disrupted (increased α-cell area), insulin secretion was impaired (reduced insulin secretion and content) in isolated islets, insulin processing was compromised (accumulation of proinsulin and C-peptide inside islets), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone protein ERp44 was upregulated in insulin-producing β-cells. By contrast, high-fiber-fed Nile rats had normoglycemia with compensatory increase in β-cell mass resulting in maintained pancreatic function. Fasting glucose levels were predicted by the α/β-cell ratios. Our results show that Nile rats fed chow recapitulate the five stages of progression of T2D as occurs in human disease, including insulin-resistant hyperglycemia and pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction associated with ER stress. Modification of diet alone permits long-term β-cell compensation and prevents T2D.

scholarly journals Verapamil can be used as a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Saviour and Stopping the need for Insulin in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Younis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is not just a disease as it is already known, the matter is more complicated, and it is considered as an assembly of metabolic defects with end result of hyperglycemia.verapamil can decrease the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which is recognized as an important factor in pancreatic beta cells.verapamil could enhance beta cell mass and function. Materials and Methods: 160 type 2 diabetes patients in 2 parallel groups. Results: show statistically significant difference in favour of verapamil in increasing c-peptide levels and decreasing hba1c levels. Conclusion: Verapamil could be used as a type 2 diabetes saviour by increasing beta cell mass and function.

scholarly journals ZRANB3 is an African-specific type 2 diabetes locus associated with beta-cell mass and insulin response

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebowale A. Adeyemo ◽  
◽  
Norann A. Zaghloul ◽  
Guanjie Chen ◽  
Ayo P. Doumatey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Beta Cell Mass
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