scholarly journals Pathological Conditions Associated with the Male Reproductive Tract of the Sahel Bucks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Abba ◽  
Suleiman Simon ◽  
Halima Idris Gambo ◽  
Ikechukwu Onyebuchi Igbokwe ◽  
Yusuf Iliyasu
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
System A ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Sahel Goat ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Unilateral Cryptorchidism

The study of pathological conditions of the male reproductive system is paramount to understanding reproductive inefficiency in the Sahel goat. In this study, 1048 Sahel bucks presented for slaughter at the Maiduguri metropolitan abattoir were evaluated for the presence of various pathological abnormalities of the reproductive system. A total incidence of 15.08% was recorded for various pathological conditions, with testicular, penile, and scrotal conditions having incidences of 7.82%, 4.80 and 2.50%, respectively. Bilateral testicular hypoplasia and atrophy and unilateral cryptorchidism accounted for incidences of 4.10%, 2.38%, and 1.24%, respectively, while paraphimosis and scrotal laceration had incidences of 1.72% and 1.05%, respectively. Age specific incidence of pathological conditions were not significant(P>0.05)between bucks aged <1–1.5 and 2–2.5 years. However, bucks aged 3–3.5 year a had lower(P<0.05)incidence of pathological conditions than other age groups. Histopathological evidence of inflammation, degeneration, and atrophy was observed in the testes, while inflammatory changes were observed in the prepuce.

scholarly journals Chlamydia pecorum Infection in the Male Reproductive System of Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Palmieri ◽  
Lyndal Hulse ◽  
Sara Pagliarani ◽  
Rebecca Larkin ◽  
Damien P. Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Membranous Urethra ◽  
Chlamydia Pecorum ◽  
Serious Disease

Chlamydiosis is the most documented and serious disease of koalas, characterized by ocular, urinary, and reproductive lesions. Since little attention has been paid to the pathological effects of this infection in the male reproductive system, we aimed to determine the incidence and severity of reproductive pathology associated with chlamydial infection in male koalas submitted to koala hospitals in southeast Queensland. The entire reproductive tract from 62 sexually mature male koalas not suitable for rehabilitation was evaluated and 677 tissue samples were collected for histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Lymphoplasmacytic inflammation was observed in 178 of 677 (26.3%) tissue samples from the upper and lower reproductive tract, mainly in the prostatic, penile, and membranous urethra. IHC was positive for the chlamydial antigen in 19 of 451 normal samples (4.2%) and 46 of 178 samples with inflammation (25.8%), located within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, bulbourethral glands, and the prostatic membranous and penile urethra. Chlamydia pecorum was detected via qPCR in 319 of 451 normal samples (70.7%) and 159 of 178 samples with inflammation (89.3%), with the highest incidence in the penile urethra, prostate, membranous urethra, and bulbourethral glands. This study suggests that Chlamydia infection in the male reproductive tract is more widespread than originally thought. Furthermore, the male reproductive tract might be a reservoir for persistent chlamydial infections in koalas, with important implications for prophylactic strategies and epidemiology.

scholarly journals Foetal wastages and some gross reproductive abnormalities in small ruminants slaughtered at Dogarawa slaughter slab Zaria, Kaduna State

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Ovarian Agenesis

Introduction: Slaughtering of pregnant animals resulting in foetal wastages abound in many countries of the world. The practice of slaughtering of gravid animals in Nigeria is largely due to lower economic standards of the citizens. This study was to establish the nature and incidence of reproductive abnormalities and foetal wastages in small ruminants observed at Dogarawa slaughter slab Zaria, Kaduna state. Methods: Ante-mortem and post-mortem examinations of the genital tract of slaughtered small ruminants were conducted using visual examination, palpation and incision. A total of 1695 animals slaughtered on weekends (Saturdays and Sundays) within the months of August and September 2019 were examined. A total of 1158 bucks, 264 does, 111 ewes and 162 rams were slaughtered. Values obtained were presented in percentages using Microsoft excel, 2016. Results: A total of 52 foetal wastages were recorded (71.15% in sheep and 28.85% in goats). Abnormalities of the ovaries observed include ovarian hypertrophy (6.25%), the cystic follicle (12.5%) and unilateral ovarian agenesis (6.25%), which were detected at post-mortem examination. Abnormalities of the uterus observed were pyometra (6.25%), hydrometra (6.25%), metritis (12.5%) and uterine atrophy (6.25%). Supernumerary teats (25%) and mastitis (18.75%) were also observed. Ante-mortem and post-mortem gross pathological conditions of the male reproductive tract revealed; cryptorchidism (41.18%), paraphimosis (11.26%), testicular hypoplasia (5.88%), epididymitis (29.41%) and balanoposthitis (11.76%). Significance: The results from this study revealed various types of reproductive anomalies in animals brought to slaughter. The study also revealed the practice of slaughtering of pregnant animals resulting in foetal wastages.

scholarly journals Gross and Morphometric Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System of Bats (Eidolon helvum)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Danmaigoro ◽  
J. E. Onu ◽  
M. L. Sonfada ◽  
M. A. Umaru ◽  
S. A. Hena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eidolon Helvum ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Forearm Length ◽  
Gross Examination

The present study aimed at examining the gross and morphometry of the reproductive tract of the male bats (Eidolon helvum). Thirty male bats (adultsn=17and juvenilesn=13) were captured using net, weighed, aged using relative ossification of the wing bone, and dissected for gross examination. Morphologically, the mean body weight and forearm length in both adults and juveniles were235.31±6.30 g,12.14±0.19 cm and69.54±7.68 g,7.77±0.29 cm, respectively. The testicles were completely descended in adults with the penis projected cranially. The epididymides were found at the median border of the testis and continues as vas deferens. No significant differences(P>0.05)were observed between right and left testicular weights in both adults and juveniles and also in lengths of different parts of the reproductive segments in both age groups assessed, respectively. This work has documented the gross anatomy of the male reproductive tract in bats. Ultrastructure and histochemistry are recommended for further insight into the reproductive biology.

scholarly journals Review of the Physiology and Biochemistry of the Male Reproductive Tract

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Waller ◽  
A. R. Nikurs
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry

The purpose of this presentation is to review for toxicologists the structure and functioning of the male reproductive system. Presented are the anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of the system, along with considerations in evaluating toxic insult to the body.

scholarly journals Biometry and histomorphometry of female reproductive system of Black Bengal goats of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B.M.J. Uddin ◽  
T. Akter ◽  
S.I. Siddiqui ◽  
M. Nooruzzaman ◽  
M.A.H.N.A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Right ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Age Category

Background: The reproductive physiology of goat is least understood compared to cattle, sheep and pig and most of the description of goat is usually made as if it is identical to sheep. The biometric and histomorphometric analyses of female reproductive system of Black Bengal goats were performed in this study. Methods: During October 2016 to February 2019 a total of 200 female reproductive tracts (50 from each age category of ≤ 6 months (m), 7-12 m, 13-18 m and 19-24 m) were collected and examined from various slaughter houses of Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh. For biometric study the length, width and weight of different segments of female reproductive tracts were measured. In addition, the morphometry of different parts of female genitalia was analyzed at histology. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's Multiple Comparison Test was performed to compare between different age groups and paired organs. Results: Overall the size of most parts of the reproductive tract of goats increased with ages and 19-24 m group had the highest values. In paired organs such as ovaries, uterine tubes and uterine horns, the right organs were significantly bigger than the left one. Similarly, at morphometric analysis, the length of all histologic parts such as cortex and medulla of ovary, tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa of uterine tube, uterus, vagina and vulva increased significantly with ages and the highest values observed at age category of 19-24 m. Conclusion: The knowledge of the biometrical and morphometric parameters of female genitalia of Black Bengal goats would help in performing artificial insemination, pregnancy diagnosis and treating infertility related problems.

scholarly journals Androgens and the male reproductive tract: an overview of classical roles and current perspectives

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 934-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia T. C. C. Patrão ◽  
Erick J. R. Silva ◽  
Maria Christina W. Avellar
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Hypogonadism ◽  
Male Reproductive Tract ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Modulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Diseases

Androgens are steroid hormones that play key roles in the development and maintenance of male phenotype and reproductive function. These hormones also affect the function of several non-reproductive organs, such as bone and skeletal muscle. Endogenous androgens exert most of their effects by genomic mechanisms, which involve hormone binding to the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, resulting in the modulation of gene expression. AR-induced non-genomic mechanisms have also been reported. A large number of steroidal and non-steroidal AR-ligands have been developed for therapeutic use, including the treatment of male hypogonadism (AR agonists) and prostate diseases (AR antagonists), among other pathological conditions. Here, the AR gene and protein structure, mechanism of action and AR gene homologous regulation were reviewed. The AR expression pattern, its in vivo regulation and physiological relevance in the developing and adult testis and epididymis, which are sites of sperm production and maturation, respectively, were also presented.

An Ultrastructural Study of the Proliferation Patterns of the Reserve Cells of the Human Cervix Uteri

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Takanori Sohda ◽  
Hiroshi Saito ◽  
Goro Asano ◽  
Katsunari Fukushi ◽  
Katsuya Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Human Cervix ◽  
Morphological Patterns

Recently, the functional aspect as well as morphological aspect of the reserve cells in the cervix uteri drew much attention in view of the carcinogenesis in squamocolumunar junction. In this communication, the authors elucidate the ultrastructural features of the reserve cells in patients of various age groups visiting our university hospital and affiliated hospital.From conventional light microscopic point of view, the reserve cells tend to be pronounced in various pathological conditions, such as the persisting inflammation, proliferative disorders and irritation of hormones. The morphological patterns of the reserve cells from various stage and degree of irritation were observed.

The Physician’s Task and the Problem of Documentation

1964 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Proppe
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Lupus Vulgaris ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Corpus Hippocraticum ◽  
High Degree

SummaryCase histories suitable for statistical evaluation can be found even as far back as in the Corpus Hippocraticum. Such simple data as the patient’s age, body weight, size, the date of menarche, etc. are practically always included in the case records, and it is demonstrated that, when such data are recorded in a system of documentation suitable for mechanical sorting, it may enable us to draw conclusions of very great importance. Mechanical registration methods have revealed that, in the determination and recording of data as hitherto carried out. there has been a surprisingly large number of errors and a high degree of unreliability. This view has a considerable influence on modern clinical methods; it renders a more democratic relation between physician and patient necessary and makes clear the need for measures to enhance the reliability of diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions. The author illustrates this view with reference to the mechanical falsification of the thesis of the proneness of early age groups to lupus vulgaris, furthermore with reference to the mechanical rationalization of modern routine diagnostic methods, to the constant surveillance of adverse effects on public health and to the protection against allergic reactions with the aid of recording systems of personal allergy and intolerance data with mechanical sorting and computer techniques.

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