scholarly journals Transorbital Stab Injury with Retained Knife: A Narrow Escape

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asim Rana ◽  
Abdulrehman Alharthy ◽  
Waleed Tharwat Aletreby ◽  
Basim Huwait ◽  
Akhilesh Kulshrestha
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Narrow Escape ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Anatomical Area

Transorbital penetrating injuries are unusual but may cause severe brain damage if cranium is entered. These kinds of injuries are dangerous as the walls of orbit are very thin, hence easily broken by the otherwise innocent objects. Because of the very critical anatomical area involved, these injuries pose a serious challenge to the physicians who first receive them as well as the treating team. These may present as trivial trauma or may be occult and are often associated with serious complications and delayed sequel. Prompt evaluation by utilizing best diagnostic modality available and timely interference to remove them are the key aspects to avoid damage to vital organs surrounding the injury and to minimize the late complications. We report a case of transorbital assault with a 13 centimeter long knife which got broken from the handle and the blade was retained. The interesting aspect is that there was no neurological deficit on presentation or after removal.

scholarly journals Penetrating knife injury to the frontal lobe – a case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. e41-e42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakshay Gulati ◽  
Badri Srinivasan ◽  
Roger Hunter ◽  
Timothy R Flood
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Knife Injury ◽  
Orbital Region

Penetrating injuries of the craniofacial region are increasing and have the potential to cause severe vascular and neurological deficit. We present our management of a case with a knife stab injury to the infra-orbital region, traversing the orbit and penetrating into the anterior cranial fossa, the tip lying in close proximity to the anterior cerebral circulation.

Favorable Effects of Astaxanthin on Brain Damage due to Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Cakir ◽  
Ufuk Cakir ◽  
Cuneyt Tayman ◽  
Tugba Taskin Turkmenoglu ◽  
Ataman Gonel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortex Cell

Background: Activated inflammation and oxidant stress during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) lead to brain damage. Astaxanthin (ASX) is a type of carotenoid with a strong antioxidant effect. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ASX on brain IRI. Methods: A total of 42 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups as control (n=14) group, IRI (n=14) group and IRI + ASX (n=14) group. Cerebral ischemia was instituted by occluding middle cerebral artery for 120 minutes and subsequently, reperfusion was performed for 48 hours. Oxidant parameter levels and protein degradation products were evaluated. Hippocampal and cortex cell apoptosis, neuronal cell count, neurological deficit score were evaluated. Results: In the IRI group, oxidant parameter levels and protein degradation products in the tissue were increased compared to control group. However, these values were significantly decreased in the IRI + ASX group (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in hippocampal and cortex cell apoptosis and a significant increase in the number of neuronal cells in the IRI + ASX group compared to the IRI group alone (p<0.05). The neurological deficit score which was significantly lower in the IRI group compared to the control group was found to be significantly improved in the IRI + ASX group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Astaxanthin protects the brain from oxidative damage and reduces neuronal deficits due to IRI injury.

scholarly journals Thoracic spine stab injury with pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachiasis: a unique case report and review of literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-535
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Radhey Shyam Mittal ◽  
Ashok Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Trauma to skull base or sinus is the most common cause of pneumocephalus. There are only few published reports of traumatic pneumocephalus secondary to penetrating injury of upper spine, epidural anaesthesia and lumber puncture. Till date only one case of pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachiasis after thoracic spine stab injury is reported in available English literature that too associated without any neurological deficit. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachiasis after thoracic spine stab injury with asymmetrical, incomplete spinal cord injury leading to neurological deficit in the patient. The management protocol of such injuries needs to be individualised for better outcome.

scholarly journals Postischemic Administration of IL-1α Neutralizing Antibody Reduces Brain Damage and Neurological Deficit in Experimental Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-189
Author(s):  
Luca Liberale ◽  
Nicole R. Bonetti ◽  
Yustina M. Puspitasari ◽  
Lena Schwarz ◽  
Alexander Akhmedov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Experimental Stroke

Up-regulation of brain cytokines and metalloproteinases 1 and 2 contributes to neurological deficit and brain damage in transient ischemic stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 103973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Constanza Gómez Victoria ◽  
Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano ◽  
Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira ◽  
Bárbara Andrade de Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Vidigal Caliari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit

scholarly journals An Atypical Self-Inflicted Abdominal Stab Injury: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Arbin Shakya ◽  
Malshree Ranjitkar ◽  
Sampanna Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Sharp Force ◽  
Stab Injuries

When dealing with cases of sharp force penetrating injuries, survival of the victim depends on injury to major blood vessels or major organs resulting in internal or external hemorrhage. Stab with intention of homicide although common, self inflicted stab injuries are less reported. We present an unusual self inflicted stab injury over an abdomen extending from front to back of the abdomen over epi-gastric region by a 52 years old male who managed to survive as it missed all the major blood vessels and solid organs that lied in between. On observation of characteristics of the wound, we have made an attempt to opine that the incident was self- inflicted with suicidal intentions.

scholarly journals Phytosome Loading the Combined Extract of Mulberry Fruit and Ginger Protects against Cerebral Ischemia in Metabolic Syndrome Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Nut Palachai ◽  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Supaporn Muchimapura ◽  
Wipawee Thukham-mee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Neurological Deficit Score ◽  
Mulberry Fruit

The prevalence of ischemic stroke in metabolic syndrome (MetS) is continually increasing and produces a great impact on both qualities of life and annual healthcare budget. Due to the efficiency limitation of the current therapeutic strategy, the poor availability of polyphenol substances induced by the first pass effect and the beneficial effects of mulberry fruit and ginger on brain and MetS-related diseases together with the synergistic concept, the neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke in MetS condition of phytosome containing the combined extract of mulberry fruit and ginger (PMG) has been considered. To explore the neuroprotective effect and possible underlying mechanism of PMG on brain damage in cerebral ischemic rat with MetS, male Wistar rats were induced MetS by high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHF) for 16 weeks and subjected to the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) at the right middle cerebral artery (Rt. MCAO). PMG at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg were orally fed with for 21 days, and they were assessed brain damage, neurological deficit score, and the changes of oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers, PPARγ expression, and epigenetic modification via DNMT-1 were performed. All doses of PMG significantly improved brain infarction, brain edema, and neurological deficit score. In addition, the reduction in DNMT-1, MDA level, NF-κB, TNFα, and C-reactive protein together with the increase in SOD, CAT, and GPH-Px activities, and PPARγ expression in the lesion brain were also observed. The current data clearly revealed the neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia with MetS condition. The possible underlying mechanism might occur partly via the suppression of DNMT-1 giving rise to the improvement of signal transduction via PPARγ resulting in the decreasing of inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, PMG is the potential neuroprotectant candidate against ischemic stroke in the MetS condition. However, the clinical trial is still essential.

scholarly journals Multiple foreign bodies in the facial region from a penetrating stab injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e228393
Author(s):  
Mabel Okiemute Etetafia
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Glass Particle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Stab Injury ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Hair Strand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stab Injuries ◽  
Orbital Region

Penetrating injuries can lead to multiple retained foreign bodies. To present a case of a penetrating stab injury on to the right orbital region of a 37-year-old woman which resulted in lacerations on both eyelids, loss of vision in addition to the retention of glass particle and woven artificial hair strands at the anterior end of the floor of the orbit. The woven artificial hair strand, being flexible in nature, was apparently logged in by the penetrating force of the broken glass used as the stab injury object. Under local anaesthesia, a gentle intermittent pull on one hair strand led to the dislodgement of a piece of broken glass particle along with the other end of the hair strand. The resultant wound was repaired. Stab injuries can result in retained multiple foreign bodies. This possibility should be considered during assessment and management of facial injuries to avoid complications of retention.

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