scholarly journals Influence of Filler from a Renewable Resource and Silane Coupling Agent on the Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiphawadee Pongdong ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Claudia Kummerlöwe ◽  
Norbert Vennemann
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Scanning

Rice husk ash (RHA) was used as a reinforcing filler in epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with various loading levels (0, 10, 20, and 30 phr), and silica filled ENR was also studied for comparison. The effects of RHA content on cure characteristics, mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and thermoelastic behavior of the filled ENR composites were investigated. It was found that the incorporation of RHA significantly affected the cure characteristics and mechanical properties. That is, the incorporation of RHA caused faster curing reactions and increased Young’s modulus and tensile strength relative to the unfilled compound. This might be attributed to the metal oxide impurities in RHA that enhance the crosslinking reactions, thus increasing the crosslink density. Further improvements in the curing behavior and the mechanical properties of the filled composites were achieved byin situsilanization with bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (Si69). It was found that the rubber-filler interactions reinforced the composites. This was indicated by the decreased damping characteristic(tan ⁡δ)and the other changes in the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the ENR composites with Si69 had improved filler dispersion. Temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) results suggest that the metal oxide impurities in RHA promote degradation of the polymer network at elevated temperatures.

Mixing Methods Influencing on Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Polypropylene Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chesidi Hayichelaeh ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Anoma Thitithammawong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Internal Mixer

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/Polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizates were prepared by melt mixing method in an internal mixer. Influences of different mixing methods for incorporation of processing oil into the TPVs on tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the TPVs and crystallinity of the PP were investigated. Results show that distribution of processing oil in the ENR/PP TPV is important due to the processing oil can promote and in the same time can interrupt an improvement in elastomeric properties of the TPV. Incorporation of processing oil into the ENR phase by preparation of oil extended ENR (the mixing method 1) before mixing with the PP was the better way to produce the TPV. It promoted the TPV with superior tensile and dynamic mechanical properties than the TPVs prepared from the mixing method 2 and 3 in which the processing oil was directly added into the PP phase. Furthermore, the TPV from the mixing method 1 had less effect of processing oil on the PP crystallization.

Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanograins on Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber Vulcanizates

2017 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudeerat Suntako
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Permanent Set

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanograins are synthesized by precipitation method filled epoxidized natural rubber compared to conventional ZnO. The synthesized ZnO nanograins are characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and found that average primary size of ZnO synthesized around 40 nm and the specific surface area of 28.72 m2 g-1. Furthermore, the cure characteristics, rubber mechanical properties and permanent set were investigated. The obtained results are found that the ZnO nanograins significantly affected to cure characteristics, rubber mechanical properties and permanent set. This is due to small grain size and large specific surface area.

Fundamental Studies on Cure Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR-30) and Montmorillonite Clay

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Piriyapol Yokkhun ◽  
Bencha Thongnuanchan ◽  
Charoen Nakason
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Cure Characteristics ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Mmt Clay ◽  
Internal Mixer

The present study focused on investigating the cure characteristics and mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on epoxidized natural rubber with 30 mol% epoxide (ENR-30)/nanoclay. ENR-30 based nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding in an internal mixer and cured using a conventional sulphuric system. Two types of nanoclays were used in this study, sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) clay and Na-MMT that had been modified with octadecylamine, also referred to as OC-MMT. Overall results show that OC-MMT was more efficient in enhancing the mechanical properties of the ENR-30 nanocomposite than Na-MMT. This was probably attributed to the higher interlayer distance of OC-MMT, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction results. The incorporation of OC-MMT into ENR-30 led to an increase in both the maximum torque (MH) and torque difference (MH-ML), which suggested an increase in the stiffness and crosslink density of the nanocomposite, respectively. A pronounced improvement in the tensile strength of the ENR-30/OC-MMT nanocomposite as compared to the unfilled ENR-30 was observed at 5 phr of OC-MMT, which appeared to be an optimum loading level. However, a gradual reduction in the elongation at break was observed with increasing OC-MMT loading.

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