The Effects of Mind-Body Interventions on Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review

Study Objectives. To evaluate the effect of mind-body interventions (MBI) on sleep.Methods. We reviewed randomized controlled MBI trials on adults (through 2013) with at least one sleep outcome measure. We searched eleven electronic databases and excluded studies on interventions not considering mind-body medicine. Studies were categorized by type of MBI, whether sleep was primary or secondary outcome measure and outcome type.Results. 1323 abstracts were screened, and 112 papers were included. Overall, 67 (60%) of studies reported a beneficial effect on at least one sleep outcome measure. Of the most common interventions, 13/23 studies using meditation, 21/30 using movement MBI, and 14/25 using relaxation reported at least some improvements in sleep. There were clear risks of bias for many studies reviewed, especially when sleep was not the main focus.Conclusions. MBI should be considered as a treatment option for patients with sleep disturbance. The benefit of MBI needs to be better documented with objective outcomes as well as the mechanism of benefit elucidated. There is some evidence that MBI have a positive benefit on sleep quality. Since sleep has a direct impact on many other health outcomes, future MBI trials should consider including sleep outcome measurements.

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Effect of Individually Tailored Biopsychosocial Workplace Interventions on Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Stress Among Laboratory Technicians: Randomized Controlled Trial

January 2018 - Pain Physician ◽

10.36076/ppj.2015/18/459 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5;18 (5;9) ◽

pp. 459-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kenneth Jay

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Body Region ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Randomized Controlled

Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain is prevalent among laboratory technicians and work-related stress may aggravate the problem. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of a multifaceted worksite intervention on pain and stress among laboratory technicians with chronic musculoskeletal pain using individually tailored physical and cognitive elements. Study Design: This trial uses a single-blind randomized controlled design with allocation concealment in a 2-armed parallel group format among laboratory technicians. The trial “Implementation of physical exercise at the Workplace (IRMA09) – Laboratory technicians“ was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov prior to participant enrolment. Setting: The study was conducted at the head division of a large private pharmaceutical company’s research and development department in Denmark. The study duration was March 2014 (baseline) to July 2014 (follow-up). Methods: Participants (n = 112) were allocated to receive either physical, cognitive, and mindfulness group-based training (PCMT group) or a reference group (REF) for 10 weeks at the worksite. PCMT consisted of 4 major elements: 1) resistance training individually tailored to the pain affected area, 2) motor control training, 3) mindfulness, and 4) cognitive and behavioral therapy/education. Participants of the REF group were encouraged to follow ongoing company health initiatives. The predefined primary outcome measure was pain intensity (VAS scale 0 – 10) in average of the regions: neck, shoulder, lower and upper back, elbow, and hand at 10 week follow-up. The secondary outcome measure was stress assessed by Cohen´s perceived stress questionnaire. In addition, an explorative dose-response analysis was performed on the adherence to PCMT with pain and stress, respectively, as outcome measures. Results: A significant (P < 0.0001) treatment by time interaction in pain intensity was observed with a between-group difference at follow-up of -1.0 (95%CI: -1.4 to -0.6). No significant effect on stress was observed (treatment by time P = 0.16). Exploratory analyses for each body region separately showed significant pain reductions of the neck, shoulders, upper back and lower back, as well as a tendency for hand pain. Within the PCMT group, general linear models adjusted for age, baseline pain, and stress levels showed significant associations for the change in pain with the number of physical-cognitive training sessions per week (-0.60 [95%CI -0.95 to -0.25]) and the number of mindfulness sessions (0.15 [95%CI 0.02 to 0.18]). No such associations were found with the change in stress as outcome. Limitations: Limitations of behavioral interventions include the inability to blind participants to which intervention they receive. Self-reported outcomes are a limitation as they may be influenced by placebo effects and outcome expectations

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Effects of Pilates-Based Core Stability Training in Ambulant People With Multiple Sclerosis: Multicenter, Assessor-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20150166 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (8) ◽

pp. 1170-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Esther E. Fox ◽

Alan D. Hough ◽

Siobhan Creanor ◽

Margaret Gear ◽

Jennifer A. Freeman

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Core Stability ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Pilates exercise is often undertaken by people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who have balance and mobility difficulties. Objectives The primary aim of the study was to compare the effects of 12 weeks of Pilates exercises with relaxation on balance and mobility. Secondary aims were: (1) to compare standardized exercises with relaxation and (2) to compare Pilates exercises with standardized exercises. Methods A multicenter, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores of 4.0 to 6.5 were randomly allocated to groups receiving 12 weeks of Pilates exercises, standardized exercises, or relaxation. Assessments were undertaken at baseline and weeks 12 and 16 (primary outcome measure: 10-Meter Timed Walk Test [10MTW]). Results One hundred participants (mean age=54 years, 74% female) were randomized to study groups. Six participants relapsed (withdrew from the study), leaving 94 participants for intention-to-treat analysis. There was no significant difference in mean 10MTW measurements between the Pilates and relaxation groups. At 12 weeks, there was a mean reduction of 4.2 seconds for the standardized exercise group compared with the relaxation group (95% confidence interval [relaxation group minus standardized exercise group measurements]=0.0, 8.4) and a mean reduction of 3.7 seconds for the Pilates group compared with the standardized exercise group (95% confidence interval [Pilates group minus standardized exercise group measurements]=−0.4 to 7.8). At 16 weeks, mean 10MTW times for the standardized exercise group remained quicker than those for the Pilates and relaxation groups, although the differences were nonsignificant. There were no significant differences between the Pilates and relaxation groups for any secondary outcome measure. Limitations In this study, therapists were limited to a standardized basket of exercises that may have affected the study outcomes. Furthermore, choosing measures such as posturography to assess balance, accelerometry to assess walking, or a specific trunk assessment scale might have been more responsive in detecting changes in outcome. Conclusion Participants did not improve significantly, either in the short term or at the 4-week follow-up, on the 10MTW after 12 weeks of Pilates exercises compared with 12 weeks of relaxation.

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Safety of Large Volume Liposuction in Aesthetic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aesthetic Surgery Journal ◽

10.1093/asj/sjaa338 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Muholan Kanapathy ◽

Marc Pacifico ◽

Ahmed M Yassin ◽

Edward Bollen ◽

Afshin Mosahebi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Large Volume ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Surgical Complication ◽

Major Complication ◽

Current Data ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Complication Rates

Abstract Background Current literature clearly outlines the complication rates of liposuction in general, however data specific to large-volume liposuction (LVL) remains unclear. Objectives This systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the safety of LVL. Methods A comprehensive search in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases was conducted for primary clinical studies reporting on safety or complications related to aesthetic LVL from 1946 to March 2020. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of surgical complication while the secondary outcome measure was changes in metabolic profile. Meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimated surgical complication incidence and metabolic changes. Results Twenty-three articles involving 3583 patients were included. The average aspirate volume was 7,734.90ml (95%CI=5727.34ml to 9742.45ml). The pooled overall incidence of major surgical complications was 3.35% (95%CI=1.07% to 6.84%). The most common major complication was blood loss requiring transfusion (2.89% (95%CI=0.84% to 6.12%)) followed by pulmonary embolism (0.18% (95%CI=0.06% to 0.33%)), hematoma (0.16% (95%CI=0.05% to 0.32%)), necrotizing fasciitis (0.13% (95%CI=0.04% to 0.29%)), and deep vein thrombosis (0.12% (95%CI=0.03% to 0.27%)). No fat embolism or death was reported in the included studies. The pooled overall incidence of minor surgical complication was 11.62% (95%CI=6.36% to 18.21%), with seroma being the commonest minor complication (5.51% (95%CI=2.69% to 9.27%)). Reductions in lipid profile, glucose profile, body weight and hematocrit level were observed after LVL. Conclusions This study meta-analyzed and highlighted the complication rates specifically related to LVL, however the current data is limited by the lack of Level 1 evidence.

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Comparison of Outcomes of Colorectal Polypectomy Using Traditional Snare and Rotary Snare: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2019/9123521 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Lu Xu ◽

Zhixing Zhang ◽

Jiarong Xie ◽

Lei Xu ◽

Weihong Wang

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Colorectal Polyps ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Traditional Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Level 1 ◽

Level 2

Background and Objective. The aim of the current study was to compare the efficacy and safety of polypectomy by using rotary snare vs. traditional snare during colonoscopy. Methods. A single-center randomized controlled trial, which included consecutive participants who were ≥18 years old and detected with polyp(s) during routine colonoscopy between July and September 2018, was conducted. Participants with colorectal polyps were randomized to receive polypectomy using rotary snares or traditional snares. The primary outcome measure was the comparison of the average time of removing a polyp between those two groups. The secondary outcome measure was to compare the polyp resection time by using SMSA (size, morphology, site, and access) scores. Results. A total of two hundred participants were included in this study. Of them, 100 participants were randomly assigned to the rotary snare group (214 polyps) and the other 100 participants were randomly assigned to the traditional group (232 polyps). The mean resection time was significantly shorter in the rotary snare group than in the traditional snare group (24.41±18.14 seconds vs. 29.53±25.74 seconds, P=0.021). In the subgroup analysis, the resection time was also shorter in the rotary snare group than in the traditional snare group in SMSA level 1 (18.51±8.26 seconds vs.23.84±15.07 seconds, P=0.013) and in SMSA level 2 (25.03±15.32 seconds vs.29.15±24.82 seconds, P=0.009), respectively. Conclusion. Colorectal polyps could be removed more efficient by using rotary snares than by using traditional snares in SMSA level 1 and SMSA level 2.

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Effect of Rosa damascena on improvement of adults’ sleep quality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Sleep Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Sadegh Ghorbani Rami ◽

Morteza Nasiri ◽

Mohammad Sadegh Aghili Nasab ◽

Zohre Jafari ◽

Mahya Torkaman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Rosa Damascena ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Success of trabeculectomy surgery in relation to cataract surgery: 5-year outcomes

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312972 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 103 (10) ◽

pp. 1395-1400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rashmi G Mathew ◽

Sahar Parvizi ◽

Ian E Murdoch

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Primary Outcome Measure ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Risk Of Failure ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Measure Change ◽

Group 2

AimsTo compare success proportions at 5 years in three surgical groups: group 1, trabeculectomy alone; group 2, trabeculectomy followed by cataract surgery within 2 years; and group 3, trabeculectomy performed on a pseudophakic eye.MethodsA retrospective cohort study. 194 eyes of 194 patients were identified with at least 5 years’ follow-up post trabeculectomy (N=85, 60 and 49 in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively).Main outcome measures1. Primary outcome measure: intraocular pressure (IOP) at 5 years post-trabeculectomy surgery, 2.Secondary outcome measure: change in visual acuity at 5 years.ResultsAt 5 years, the mean IOP (SD) was 12.9 (3.5), 12.5 (4.8) and 12.7 (4.8) mm Hg in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Overall success was almost identical, 58%, 57% and 59% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of percentage IOP reduction, number of medications, proportion restarting medication and reoperation rates at 5 years. Logistic regression for an outcome of failure showed men to be at increased risk of failure OR 1.97 (95% CI 1.10 to 3.52, p=0.02). Nearly 80% of patients retained or improved their vision following their initial trabeculectomy.ConclusionsThe sequence in which surgery is carried out does not appear to affect trabeculectomy function at 5 years, success being similar to trabeculectomy alone. In our study, men may be at increased risk of failure.

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Determinants of Sports Injury in Young Female Swedish Competitive Figure Skaters

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living ◽

10.3389/fspor.2021.686019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Moa Jederström ◽

Sara Agnafors ◽

Christina Ekegren ◽

Kristina Fagher ◽

Håkan Gauffin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measure ◽

Sports Injury ◽

Young Female ◽

Older Age ◽

Point Prevalence ◽

Severe Injury ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Multiple Model ◽

Figure Skaters

Introduction: Although figure skating attracts several hundred thousand participants worldwide, there is little knowledge about physical health and sports injuries among young skaters. The present study aimed to describe the health status of a geographically defined Swedish population of licensed competitive figure skaters and to examine injury determinants.Methods: All licensed competitive skaters in the southeastern region of Sweden were in April 2019 invited to participate in a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. Multiple binary logistic regression was used for the examination of injury determinants. The primary outcome measure was the 1-year prevalence of a severe sports injury episode (time loss >21 days). The secondary outcome measure was the point prevalence of an ongoing injury. The determinants analyzed were age, skating level, relative energy deficiency indicators, and training habits.Results: In total, 142 (36%) skaters participated, 137 (96%) girls [mean (SD) age: 12.9 (SD 3.0) years]. Participating boys (n = 5) were excluded from further analysis. The 1-year prevalence of a severe sports injury episode was 31%. The most common injury locations for these injuries were the knee (25%), ankle (20%), and hip/groin (15%). In the multiple model, having sustained a severe injury episode was associated with older age (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4; p = 0.002) and an increased number of skipped meals per week (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.3; p = 0.014). The point prevalence of an ongoing injury episode was 19%. The most common locations were the knee (24%), ankle (24%), and foot (24%). Having an ongoing injury episode was associated with older age (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.7; p < 0.001) and an increased number of skipped meals per week (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.3; p = 0.049).Conclusion: One-third of young female Swedish competitive figure skaters had sustained a severe injury episode during the past year, and a fifth reported an ongoing episode. Older age and an increased number of skipped meals per week were associated with a sports injury episode. Long-term monotonous physical loads with increasing intensity and insufficient energy intake appear to predispose for injury in young female figure skaters. Further examination of injury determinants among competitive figure skaters is highly warranted.

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The importance of perioperative optimisation to facilitate safe regional anaesthesia and their improved outcomes in fracture neck of femur patients

Journal of Perioperative Practice ◽

10.1177/17504589211064042 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 175045892110640

Author(s):

Benjamin Thomas Vincent Gowers ◽

Michael Sean Greenhalgh ◽

Kathryn Dyson ◽

Karthikeyan P Iyengar ◽

Vijay K Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hip Fracture ◽

General Anaesthesia ◽

Regional Anaesthesia ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

General Anaesthetic ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Neck Of Femur ◽

One Year ◽

To Receive

Background: Hip fractures are common presentations to orthopaedic departments, and their surgical management often results in blood transfusions. Compared with general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia reduces the need for transfusions and mortality in the wider surgical population. Aims: In hip fracture patients, our primary outcome measure was to examine any relationship between anaesthetic modality and transfusion rates. The secondary outcome measure was to assess the relationship between anaesthetic modality and one-year mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 280 patients was carried out in 2017 and 2018. Data were collected from patient records, local transfusion laboratory and the national hip fracture database. Results: A total of 59.6% had regional and 40.4% general anaesthesia. Regional anaesthesia patients were younger with fewer comorbidities (p < .05). About 19.8% regional and 34.5% general anaesthesia patients received transfusions (odds ratio (OR) = 0.47, p < .05); 13.6% were taking anticoagulants and were less likely to receive a regional anaesthetic (31.6% versus 64%, OR = 0.26, p < .05). One-year mortality was 27% for regional and 37% for general anaesthetic patients (OR = 0.64, p = .09). Conclusion: Regional anaesthesia halved the risk of blood transfusion. Anticoagulated patients were 74% less likely to receive regional anaesthetics, but had no additional transfusion risk. With optimisation, a larger proportion of patients could have regional anaesthesia.

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Impact of blood group on survival following critical illness: a single-centre retrospective observational study

BMJ Open Respiratory Research ◽

10.1136/bmjresp-2019-000426 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000426

Author(s):

Robert Slade ◽

Raza Alikhan ◽

Matt P Wise ◽

Lam Germain ◽

Simon Stanworth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Critical Illness ◽

Blood Group ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Current Data ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Transfusion Requirements ◽

Significant Difference

BackgroundPredicting patient outcomes following critical illness is challenging. Recent evidence has suggested that patients with blood group AB are more likely to survive following major cardiac surgery, and this is associated with a reduced number of blood transfusions. However, there are no current data to indicate whether a patient’s blood group affects general intensive care outcomes.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine if ABO blood group affects survival in intensive care. The primary outcome measure was 90-day mortality with a secondary outcome measure of the percentage of patients receiving a blood transfusion.DesignRetrospective analysis of electronically collected intensive care data, blood group and transfusion data.SettingGeneral intensive care unit (ICU) of a major tertiary hospital with both medical and surgical patients.PatientsAll patients admitted to ICU between 2006 and 2016 who had blood group data available.InterventionNone.Measurements and main results7340 patients were included in the study, blood group AB accounted for 3% (221), A 41% (3008), B 10.6% (775) and O 45.4% (3336). These values are similar to UK averages. Baseline characteristics between the groups were similar. Blood group AB had the greatest survival benefit (blood group AB 90-day survival estimate 76.75, 95% CI 72.89 to 80.61 with the overall estimate 72.07, 95% CI 71.31 to 72.82) (log-rank χ2 16.128, p=0.001). Transfusion requirements were similar in all groups with no significant difference between the percentages of patients transfused (AB 23.1%, A 21.5%, B 18.7%, O 19.9%, Pearson χ2 5.060 p=0.167).ConclusionAlthough this is primarily a hypothesis generating study, intensive care patients with blood group AB appeared to have a higher 90-day survival compared with other blood groups. There was no correlation between blood group and percentage of patients receiving transfusion.

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Stratification of chronic and complex wounds according to healing characteristics: a retrospective study

Journal of Wound Care ◽

10.12968/jowc.2019.28.7.446 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 446-452

Author(s):

Nicole E. Spruijt ◽

Maarten M. Hoogbergen ◽

Servaas J.E. Buijs ◽

Marcel J.W. Grosveld ◽

Jaap Buth

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Wound Dehiscence ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Secondary Outcome Measure ◽

Risk Categories

Objective: Wound risk-stratified analyses are clinically relevant as they can assist in identifying hard-to-heal wounds. The aim of the study is to develop risk categories for wound healing based on a limited number of reliably recordable clinical data. Method: This retrospective study used observational data. The primary outcome measure was wound healing at the end of treatment and the secondary outcome measure was the time to wound healing. A stratification model using regression analyses was developed to assign the patients to risk categories for wound healing and the time-to-heal. Results: The study cohort comprised of 540 patients. The most common wound diagnoses were diabetic ulcers, wounds in irradiated areas and wound dehiscence after surgery. Average wound duration before starting treatment at the wound centre was 11.7 months. Healing was achieved in 382 (71%) wounds, after an average treatment time of 4.4 months. A total of four risk categories for wound healing were developed by combining wound diagnosis (favourable versus unfavourable) and duration (<3 months versus >3 months). These risk categories demonstrated healing percentages ranging from 69–97% (p=0.0004) and mean time-to-healing varying from 2.7–5.9 months (p=0.01). Conclusion: Using two clinical wound variables, diagnosis and duration, stratification categories were identified with significant associations with wound healing outcomes. Longer wound duration and unfavourable diagnoses, when combined into unfavourable risk categories, were associated with a lower percentage of wound healing and a longer treatment time until healing.

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