scholarly journals Influence of Oxidative Stress on Stored Platelets

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Manasa ◽  
R. Vani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Platelet Storage ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Insight Into

Platelet storage and its availability for transfusion are limited to 5-6 days. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the causes for reduced efficacy and shelf-life of platelets. The studies on platelet storage have focused on improving the storage conditions by altering platelet storage solutions, temperature, and materials. Nevertheless, the role of OS on platelet survival during storage is still unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of storage on platelets. Platelets were stored for 12 days at 22°C. OS markers such as aggregation, superoxides, reactive oxygen species, glucose, pH, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. OS increased during storage as indicated by increments in aggregation, superoxides, pH, conjugate dienes, and superoxide dismutase and decrements in glucose and catalase. Thus, platelets could endure OS till 6 days during storage, due to the antioxidant defense system. An evident increase in OS was observed from day 8 of storage, which can diminish the platelet efficacy. The present study provides an insight into the gradual changes occurring during platelet storage. This lays the foundation towards new possibilities of employing various antioxidants as additives in storage solutions.

scholarly journals Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9326
Author(s):  
Mirza Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Md. Rakib Hossain Raihan ◽  
Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud ◽  
Khussboo Rahman ◽  
Farzana Nowroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System

The generation of oxygen radicals and their derivatives, known as reactive oxygen species, (ROS) is a part of the signaling process in higher plants at lower concentrations, but at higher concentrations, those ROS cause oxidative stress. Salinity-induced osmotic stress and ionic stress trigger the overproduction of ROS and, ultimately, result in oxidative damage to cell organelles and membrane components, and at severe levels, they cause cell and plant death. The antioxidant defense system protects the plant from salt-induced oxidative damage by detoxifying the ROS and also by maintaining the balance of ROS generation under salt stress. Different plant hormones and genes are also associated with the signaling and antioxidant defense system to protect plants when they are exposed to salt stress. Salt-induced ROS overgeneration is one of the major reasons for hampering the morpho-physiological and biochemical activities of plants which can be largely restored through enhancing the antioxidant defense system that detoxifies ROS. In this review, we discuss the salt-induced generation of ROS, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense of plants under salinity.

scholarly journals The role of the Cellular Antioxidant Defense System on Oxidative Stress in Acute Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayetullah TEMİZ ◽  
Mesut IŞIK ◽  
Yavuz ALBAYRAK ◽  
Hatice Esra DURAN ◽  
Adem ASLAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Arsenic: A Cause of Cardiometabolic Syndromes

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Aimen Umer Khan ◽  
◽  
Khawaja Zafar Ahmed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Tabular Form ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Cardiometabolic Syndrome ◽  
Scientific Databases

Objective: The objective of the study is to identify major pathological biomarkers and their possible mechanisms in arsenic-induced cardiometabolic syndrome. Methodology: The present review summarizes the data and literature taken from previously done studies from Research Gate, Science Direct, PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline, and some other scientific databases emphasizing the role of arsenic in cardiometabolic syndrome. The results obtained through this database were assembled, composed, critically elucidated and presented in explanatory and tabular form. Results: The major pathological target of arsenic is antioxidant defense system and increase in Reactive Oxygen Species reduces the Nitric oxide production, reduction in vascular permeability, increases adhesion and production of inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-á,), TCs, TGs, LDL-C, lipid peroxidation, â-cells dysfunction. The persistent accumulation and generation of these pathological biomarkers in blood vessels can induce hyperlipidemias, dyslipidemias, atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: There is a need to propose natural antioxidant with minimum side effects in the treatment of CMTs.

Oxidative stress on mitochondrial antioxidant defense system in the aging process: Role of dl-α-lipoic acid and l-carnitine

2005 ◽  
Vol 355 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sethumadhavan Savitha ◽  
Jayavelu Tamilselvan ◽  
Muthuswamy Anusuyadevi ◽  
Chinnakannu Panneerselvam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System

Skeletal muscle uncoupling-induced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (5) ◽  
pp. E495-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Keipert ◽  
M. Ost ◽  
A. Chadt ◽  
A. Voigt ◽  
V. Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Defense System ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Ectopic expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondria increases lifespan considerably in high-fat diet-fed UCP1 Tg mice compared with wild types (WT). To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we investigated substrate metabolism as well as oxidative stress damage and antioxidant defense in SM of low-fat- and high-fat-fed mice. Tg mice showed an increased protein expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase, markers of lipid turnover (p-ACC, FAT/CD36), and an increased SM ex vivo fatty acid oxidation. Surprisingly, UCP1 Tg mice showed elevated lipid peroxidative protein modifications with no changes in glycoxidation or direct protein oxidation. This was paralleled by an induction of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, an increased redox signaling (MAPK signaling pathway), and increased expression of stress-protective heat shock protein 25. We conclude that increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling in vivo does not reduce the oxidative stress status in the muscle cell. Moreover, it increases lipid metabolism and reactive lipid-derived carbonyls. This stress induction in turn increases the endogenous antioxidant defense system and redox signaling. Altogether, our data argue for an adaptive role of reactive species as essential signaling molecules for health and longevity.

Impact of seasonally frozen soil on germinability and antioxidant enzyme activity of Picea asperata seeds

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Subalpine Zone ◽  
Picea Asperata

In the subalpine zone of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau of China, Dragon spruce (Picea asperata Mast.) is commonly used for reforestation. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of seasonally frozen soil on the germination of P. asperata seeds and to investigate whether these effects were associated with resumption of the antioxidant defense system. The nonfrozen treatment resulted in near failure of germination (1%) and was associated with relatively high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and low activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxide (APX). Germination of P. asperata seeds at 10 cm under the seasonally frozen soil was higher than that at 5 cm by 26%; this higher germination rate was associated with the recovery of SOD, CAT, and APX activities. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in seeds from seasonally frozen treatments were higher than those in the nonfrozen treatment, implying greater lipid peroxidation and that frozen seeds might have suffered from oxidative stress. The results indicate that seasonally frozen soil facilitated the germination of P. asperata seeds and that germination was closely related to the resumption of antioxidant enzymes activity. Overall, these findings suggest that the disappearance of seasonally frozen ground caused by global warming might result in failure of regeneration of P. asperata.

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