scholarly journals Biomarkers Discovery for Colorectal Cancer: A Review on Tumor Endothelial Markers as Perspective Candidates

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Pietrzyk
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Endothelial Markers ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The early detection of CRC, during the promotion/progression stages, is an enormous challenge for a successful outcome and remains a fundamental problem in clinical approach. Despite the continuous advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there is a need for discovery of sensitive and specific, noninvasive biomarkers. Tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) are associated with tumor-specific angiogenesis and are potentially useful to discriminate between tumor and normal endothelium. The most promising TEMs for oncogenic signaling in CRC appeared to be the TEM1, TEM5, TEM7, and TEM8. Overexpression of TEMs especially TEM1, TEM7, and TEM8 in colorectal tumor tissue compared to healthy tissue suggests their role in tumor blood vessels formation. Thus TEMs appear to be perspective candidates for early detection, monitoring, and treatment of CRC patients. This review provides an update on recent data on tumor endothelial markers and their possible use as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and therapy of colorectal cancer patients.

scholarly journals CircRNA circ_0124554 blocked the ubiquitination of AKT promoting the skip lymphovascular invasion on hepatic metastasis in colorectal cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Tang ◽  
Yifei Feng ◽  
Yuanjian Huang ◽  
Ziwei Xu ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Hepatic Metastasis ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Synchronous Liver Metastasis ◽  
Node Negative ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in men and the third most common cancer in women worldwide. The incidence and mortality of CRC was increasing rapidly in China. Lymph node-negative colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis (LNLM1) was defined as “skip” lymph vascular invasion on hepatic metastasis, who presenting poor prognosis. We aiming to investigate the potential mechanism for the “skip” lymph vascular invasion on hepatic metastasis in colorectal cancer. Methods The microarray was applied for screening the transcription landscape of circRNA in lymph node negative CRC patients with synchronous liver metastasis (LNLM1) or without liver metastasis (LNLM0). The gain- and loss-of-function experiments was conducted in CRC cell lines and animal models. The RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation n was further employed in exploring the detailed mechanism of circRNA and associated target genes. Results We identified the aberrant increased circRNA circ_0124554 (also entitled as circ-LNLM) in tumor tissues of LNLM1 patients comparing with either the tumor tissues of LNLM0 or adjacent tissues of LNLM1. Circ-LNLM1 expression was highly corrected with liver metastasis and vascular invasion. Ectopic expression of cytoplasmic located circ-LNLM could promote invasion of CRC cells and induced the liver metastasis in animal models through the direct binding with AKT. The phosphorylation of AKT (T308/S473) was activated due to the blocked ubiquitination site of Lys in 0-52aa peptide of circ-LNLM. Endogenous plasma expression of circ-LNLM induced poor prognosis of LNLM1 and could distinguish LNLM1 patients from LNLM0. Conclusions The circ-LNLM blocked the ubiquitination of AKT could promote the early metastasis especially for the lymph node-negative colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis. The circ-LNLM might be prognosis and diagnosis biomarker for LNLM1 patients.

Early detection of cancer/testis mRNAs in tumor cells circulating in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Novikov ◽  
T. V. Belova ◽  
E. S. Plekhanova ◽  
O. S. Yanchenko ◽  
V. V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Testis

scholarly journals Influence of Iron on the Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2512
Author(s):  
Oliver Phipps ◽  
Hafid O. Al-Hassi ◽  
Mohammed N. Quraishi ◽  
Aditi Kumar ◽  
Matthew J. Brookes
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Oncogenic Signaling ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Carcinogenic Metabolite

Perturbations of the colonic microbiota can contribute to the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer, leading to an increase in pathogenic bacteria at the expense of protective bacteria. This can contribute to disease through increasing carcinogenic metabolite/toxin production, inducing inflammation, and activating oncogenic signaling. To limit disease progression, external factors that may influence the colonic microbiota need to be considered in patients with colorectal cancer. One major factor that can influence the colonic microbiota is iron. Iron is an essential micronutrient that is required by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes for cellular function. Most pathogenic bacteria have heightened iron acquisition mechanisms and therefore tend to outcompete protective bacteria for free iron. Colorectal cancer patients often present with anemia due to iron deficiency, and thus they require iron therapy. Depending upon the route of administration, iron therapy has the potential to contribute to a procarciongenic microbiota. Orally administered iron is the common treatment for anemia in these patients but can lead to an increased gut iron concentration. This suggests the need to reassess the route of iron therapy in these patients. Currently, this has only been assessed in murine studies, with human trials being necessary to unravel the potential microbial outcomes of iron therapy.

scholarly journals Perioperative Screening Gastroscopy for Colorectal Cancer Patients Contributes to Early Detection of Gastric Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. iv112
Author(s):  
Takaharu Kato ◽  
Koichi Suzuki ◽  
Yuta Muto ◽  
Yutaka Kawamura ◽  
Junichi Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Insight of microRNA role in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan-Liang Lye ◽  
Loh Teng-Hern Tan ◽  
Hui-Min Yap
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
High Association ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The colorectal cancer is among the most predominant cancer in the world including Malaysia. Numerous factors could contribute towards colorectal carcinogenesis and one of the factors is genetic predisposition. Mutations in the V-KiRas2 (Kras) oncogene have been implicated in 30-50% of the colorectal cancer patients and usually lead to poorer prognosis. The challenging ability for the early detection of colorectal cancer still poses an enormous challenge to oncologist as there are limited or no signs or symptoms in the early stage of colorectal cancer. Many studies were conducted hoping to further understand colorectal cancer for a better diagnosis and prognosis. As early detection of colorectal cancer frequently leads to good prognosis. The gold standard for prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. Lately a group of small, non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibited capable outcomes in cancer research. Numerous miRNAs were discovered to play a key role in regulatory mechanism in numerous cancers. Differential miRNAs expression among tumors and non-tumor controls are highly valuable in recognizing miRNAs that could have vital role in carcinogenesis. Recently some miRNAs were discovered to play a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Thus, miRNAs have emerged as highly useful tool for scientists to comprehend carcinogenesis better. For example, miR-21 and miR-106a were highly expressed in colorectal cancer. While miRNAs including miR-17-92 cluster, miR-21, miR-34, miR-135 and miR-196a also exhibited high association with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this article aims to provide insight of miRNAs role in colorectal cancer for a better understanding of this disease.

Notch expression and bevacizumab efficacy in colorectal cancer patients.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 612-612
Author(s):  
Francesca Negri ◽  
Roberto Sala ◽  
Cecilia Bozzetti ◽  
Pellegrino Crafa ◽  
Costanza Lagrasta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Angiogenesis Inhibitor ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Antiangiogenic Therapies ◽  
Bevacizumab Treatment ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

612 Background: Antiangiogenic therapies represent a well established additional treatment to standard chemotherapy, nevertheless no markers are available to suggest a successful outcome linked to the use of bevacizumab. To investigate potential mechanisms of resistance to angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab, Notch expression was correlated with response and survival in a series of bevacizumab treated advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: Notch expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 65 primary CRC enrolled within 6 randomized clinical trials assessing first-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy. Notch IHC was conducted using a polyclonal antibody to Cleaved Notch1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA). Notch expression was scored based on intensity of staining (0: none, 1+: weak, 2+: moderate; 3+: strong) and on percentage of immunostained cells. A control series of 21 advanced CRC treated with chemotherapy alone was also examined. Results: Notch positivity was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus of malignant epithelial cells. In all, 11 of 61 (18%) evaluable primary tumours had a high Notch expression (IHC 3+). Six of the 11 cases (55%) with high Notch expression (IHC 3+) experienced progressive disease compared with 5 of 50 (10%) low Notch expression cases (IHC 0 1+ 2+) (p = 0.003). A high Notch expression also demonstrated an inferior median PFS (4.9 vs. 12.1 months; HR = 2.51; 95% CI, 0.96 to 6.58; p = 0.007) and OS (19.3 vs. 30.4 months; HR = 2.21; 95% CI, 0.79 to 6.15; p = 0.039) compared with low Notch expression cases. When the groups were further analyzed considering VEGF expression, the best outcome was found in low Notch (IHC 0 1 +) and high VEGF expressing tumors (IHC 2+ 3+) (response rate 9 of 11, 82 % vs. 1 of 5, 20%, in patients with high levels of Notch and VEGF expression, respectively). No correlation was found between Notch expression and clinical response in the series of patients treated with chemotherapy without bevacizumab. Conclusions: Notwithstanding the limited power of the present analysis, these data seem to suggest that low Notch expression might be a marker for successful bevacizumab treatment.

scholarly journals CircRNA circ_0124554 blocked the ubiquitination of AKT promoting the skip lymphovascular invasion on hepatic metastasis in colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Tang ◽  
Chuan Zhang ◽  
Yuanjian Huang ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Ziwei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Hepatic Metastasis ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Synchronous Liver Metastasis ◽  
Node Negative ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer in men and the third most common cancer in women worldwide. The incidence and mortality of CRC was increasing rapidly in China. Lymph node-negative colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis (LNLM1) was defined as “skip” lymph vascular invasion on hepatic metastasis, who presenting poor prognosis. We aiming to investigate the potential mechanism for the “skip” lymph vascular invasion on hepatic metastasis in colorectal cancer. The microarray was applied for screening the transcription landscape of circRNA in lymph node negative CRC patients with synchronous liver metastasis (LNLM1) or without liver metastasis (LNLM0). We identified the aberrant increased circRNA circ_0124554 (also entitled as circ-LNLM) in tumor tissues of LNLM1 patients comparing with either the tumor tissues of LNLM0 or adjacent tissues of LNLM1. Circ-LNLM1 expression was highly correlated with liver metastasis and vascular invasion. Ectopic expression of cytoplasmic located circ-LNLM could promote invasion of CRC cells and induced the liver metastasis in animal models through the direct binding with AKT. The phosphorylation of AKT (T308/S473) was activated due to the blocked ubiquitination site of Lys in 0-52aa peptide of circ-LNLM. Endogenous plasma expression of circ-LNLM induced poor prognosis of LNLM1 and could distinguish LNLM1 patients from LNLM0. In conclusion, the circ-LNLM blocked the ubiquitination of AKT could promote the early metastasis especially for the lymph node-negative colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis. The circ-LNLM might be prognosis and diagnosis biomarker for LNLM1 patients.

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