scholarly journals Insight of microRNA role in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan-Liang Lye ◽  
Loh Teng-Hern Tan ◽  
Hui-Min Yap
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
High Association ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

The colorectal cancer is among the most predominant cancer in the world including Malaysia. Numerous factors could contribute towards colorectal carcinogenesis and one of the factors is genetic predisposition. Mutations in the V-KiRas2 (Kras) oncogene have been implicated in 30-50% of the colorectal cancer patients and usually lead to poorer prognosis. The challenging ability for the early detection of colorectal cancer still poses an enormous challenge to oncologist as there are limited or no signs or symptoms in the early stage of colorectal cancer. Many studies were conducted hoping to further understand colorectal cancer for a better diagnosis and prognosis. As early detection of colorectal cancer frequently leads to good prognosis. The gold standard for prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. Lately a group of small, non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibited capable outcomes in cancer research. Numerous miRNAs were discovered to play a key role in regulatory mechanism in numerous cancers. Differential miRNAs expression among tumors and non-tumor controls are highly valuable in recognizing miRNAs that could have vital role in carcinogenesis. Recently some miRNAs were discovered to play a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Thus, miRNAs have emerged as highly useful tool for scientists to comprehend carcinogenesis better. For example, miR-21 and miR-106a were highly expressed in colorectal cancer. While miRNAs including miR-17-92 cluster, miR-21, miR-34, miR-135 and miR-196a also exhibited high association with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this article aims to provide insight of miRNAs role in colorectal cancer for a better understanding of this disease.

scholarly journals Novel genomic classifier for early stage colorectal cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. viii33-viii34
Author(s):  
E. Letellier ◽  
M. Schmitz ◽  
A. Ginolhac ◽  
E. Koncina ◽  
M. Marchese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

scholarly journals IMPACT OF KRAS MUTATIONS IN CLINICAL FEATURES IN COLORECTAL CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Morato ZANATTO ◽  
Gianni SANTOS ◽  
Júnea Caris OLIVEIRA ◽  
Eduardo Marcucci PRACUCHO ◽  
Adauto José Ferreira NUNES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Kras Mutations ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Metastatic Site ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

ABSTRACT Background: KRAS mutations are important events in colorectal carcinogenesis, as well as negative predictors of response to EGFR inhibitors treatment. Aim: To investigate the association of clinical-pathological features with KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer patients treated. Methods: Data from 69 patients with colorectal cancer either metastatic at diagnosis or later, were retrospectively analyzed. The direct sequencing and pyrosequencing techniques were related to KRAS exon 2. The mutation diagnosis and its type were determined. Results: KRAS mutation was identified in 43.4% of patients. The most common was c.35G>T (p.G12V), c.35G>A (p.G12D) and c.38G>A (p.G13D). No correlation was found between KRAS mutation and age (p=0.646) or gender (p=0.815). However, mutated group had higher CEA levels at admission (p=0.048) and codon 13 mutation was associated with involvement of more than one metastatic site in disease progression (p=0.029). Although there was no association between primary tumor site and mutation diagnosis (p=0.568), primary colon was associated with worse overall survival (p=0.009). Conclusion: The KRAS mutation was identified in almost half of patients. Mutated KRAS group had higher levels of CEA at admission and the mutation at codon 13 was associated with involvement of more than one metastatic site in the course of the disease. Colon disease was associated with the worst overall survival.

scholarly journals Risk factors in the recurrence of the colorectal cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ulanska ◽  
A. Dziki ◽  
W. Langner
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Preventive Chemotherapy ◽  
Tnm System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Traditionally, the clinical outcome of colorectal cancer patients may be predicted by pathological staging by either Dukes staging or the UICC-TNM system. However, some of Dukes stage A (approximately 10% of patients) and Dukes B patients (30-40%) will develop local recurrence or distant metastasis years after receiving standard surgical treatments. Therefore it is important to find some other indicators that can predict for recurrence so that we can screen for high-risk early-stage patients who may need preventive chemotherapy or other adjuvant therapy. The aim of this study is determination of risk factor for local recurrence in rectal cancer. In this study there has been used and summarized also research records and publications from different clinical hospitals according to actual international literature. Part of elements connected with patient, tumor and genetic and immunological factors remains independent on curative procedures. However better investigation these factors might affect on therapy, frequency of follow-up examinations, and help to detect recurrence at very early phase. Concomitant treatment factors are able to be moderate by surgeons and therapeutics. Therefore precise definition of risk factors might be helpful in decrease recurrence rate in patients with rectal cancer.

scholarly journals Chemokines—What Is Their Role in Colorectal Cancer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327482090338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Pączek ◽  
Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając ◽  
Barbara Mroczko
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Common Malignancy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. It is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy in Europe and third worldwide. Colorectal malignancies diagnosed at an early stage offer a promising survival rate. However, advanced tumors often present distant metastases even after the complete resection of a primary tumor. Therefore, novel biomarkers of CRC are sorely needed in the diagnosis and prognosis of this common malignancy. A family of chemokines are composed of small, secreted proteins. They are best known for their ability to stimulate the migration of several cell types. Some investigations have indicated that chemokines are involved in cancer development, including CRC. This article presents current knowledge regarding chemokines and their specific receptors in CRC progression. Moreover, the prime aim of this review is to summarize the potential role of these proteins as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.

scholarly journals Clinical–pathological characteristics and short-term follow-up associated with proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in a prospective cohort of patients with colorectal tumours

Tumor Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 101042831983568
Author(s):  
Maximino Redondo ◽  
Cristina Abitei ◽  
Teresa Téllez ◽  
Rafael Fúnez ◽  
Teresa Pereda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Colorectal Tumour ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

We investigate the clinical and pathological features related to variations in colorectal tumour apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis and the influence of the latter in short-term mortality (2 years); 551 tumour samples from a prospective cohort of patients with colorectal cancer were examined and tumour biology markers were determined as follows: percentage of apoptotic cells, by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick-End Labeling technique; Ki-67 antigen, as a cell proliferation marker and density of microvessels (as a marker of angiogenesis). An increase in the percentage of cellular apoptosis is significantly related to the presence of poorly differentiated tumours, with vascular invasion (p < 0.001). The CD105 angiogenesis marker is not related to any clinical–pathological parameter except that of higher frequency in older patients (p = 0.03). Ki-67 is more frequently expressed in tumours with less nervous invasion (p = 0.05). Neither apoptosis nor angiogenesis present any significant association with short-term survival. The only marker clearly related to 2-year survival is Ki-67, which is shown to be a good prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval = 0.27–0.90). Therefore, in a prospective cohort of colorectal cancer patients, only Ki-67 is a marker of good prognosis in short-term follow-up.

scholarly journals Investigation of miRNA Biology by Bioinformatic Tools and Impact of miRNAs in Colorectal Cancer—Regulatory Relationship of c-Myc and p53 with miRNAs

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 117693510700300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaguang Xi ◽  
John R. Edwards ◽  
Jingfang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Regulatory Relationship ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Mrna Targets ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling ◽  
Relationship Of

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that mediate gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels and have been demonstrated to be involved in diverse biological functions. Mounting evidence in recent years has shown that miRNAs play key roles in tumorigenesis due to abnormal expression of and mutations in miRNAs. High throughput miRNA expression profiling of several major tumor types has identified miRNAs associated with clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cancer treatment. Previously our group has discovered a novel regulatory relationship between tumor suppressor gene p53 with miRNAs expression and a number of miRNA promoters contain putative p53 binding sites. In addition, others have reported that c-myc can mediate a large number of miRNAs expression. In this review, we will emphasize algorithms to identify mRNA targets of miRNAs and the roles of miRNAs in colorectal cancer. In particular, we will discuss a novel regulatory relationship of miRNAs with tumor suppressor p53 and c-myc. miRNAs are becoming promising novel targets and biomarkers for future cancer therapeutic development and clinical molecular diagnosis.

Early detection of cancer/testis mRNAs in tumor cells circulating in the peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Novikov ◽  
T. V. Belova ◽  
E. S. Plekhanova ◽  
O. S. Yanchenko ◽  
V. V. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Testis
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