scholarly journals Changes in Blood Pressure Levels and Antihypertensive Medication Use before and after Renal Transplantation among Patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary N. Kubo ◽  
Joshua K. Kayima ◽  
Anthony J. Were ◽  
Mohammed S. Ezzi ◽  
Seth O. McLigeyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After

Objectives.To determine the changes in blood pressure levels and antihypertensive medication use in the postrenal transplantation period compared to pretransplantation one.Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out on renal transplant recipients at the Kenyatta National Hospital, a national referral hospital in Kenya. Sociodemographic details, blood pressure levels, and antihypertensive medication use before and after renal transplantation were noted. Changes in mean blood pressure levels and mean number of antihypertensive medications after renal transplantation were determined using pairedt-test.Results. 85 subjects were evaluated. Mean age was 42.4 (SD ± 12.2) years, with a male : female ratio of 1.9 : 1. Compared to the pretransplant period, significantly lower mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels after transplantation were noted (mean SBP 144.5 mmHg versus 131.8 mmHg; mean DBP 103.6 mmHg versus 83.5 mmHg in the pre- and posttransplant periods, respectively,p<0.001). Mean number of antihypertensive medications also reduced significantly after transplantation, with an average of 3.3 (±1.6) versus 2.1 (±0.9) in the pre- and posttransplant periods, respectively (p<0.001).Conclusion. There is a significant reduction in blood pressure levels and number of antihypertensive medications used after renal transplantation. The positive impact of renal transplantation on blood pressure control should be confirmed using prospective cohort studies of patients with end stage renal disease who then undergo renal transplantation.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PEMAIN MUSIK DI SEKOLAH MUSIK TOMS YAMAHA MUSIC SCHOOL MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermin Garusim ◽  
Joice N. A Engka ◽  
Siantan Supit
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Music School ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Music Player

Abstract: Blood pressureand pulse rateis very important in the health sectorin general, and particularly in the field of medicine, since the blood pressure and pulse rateis a factor that can be used as an indicator to assessa person's cardiovascular system. Blood pressure is the force used by the blood against the walls of blood vessels (arteries). Blood pressure is a vital sign in the human body. Numerous studies have shown an relationship between changes of blood pressure with pounding music that are to heard or playing a musical instrument. Physiologically increases and decreasesin blood pressurecan becaused bya particulargenre. As well as the increase and decrease in blood pressure both before and after playing music in fluenced by physical activity while playing certain musical instruments. For example, a drum player, his blood pressure willincrease two-fold in time afterplayingthe music, and theviolin decreased time after playing music. The purpose of this study, was to determine what kind of instrument music that can increase and decrease blood pressure. The type of research is observational with cross sectional study. The variable in this study is a music player and high blood pressure. The subjects was students in the school musical TOM's Yamaha Music School as many as 40 people who have met the criteria for inclusion are aged 10-35 years consisted of men and women, physically and mentally healthy, not suffering from hypertension and signed the informed consent. Measurement of blood pressure used tensimeter aneroid ABN spectrum and Littmann stethoscope. Before playing the music, the averages blood pressure with result that optimal is 106/74mmHg, the averages blood pressure with result that normal is 121/80mmHg, the averages blood pressure with result that high normal is 130/90mmHg, and the averages blood pressure with result that mild hypertension is 140/92mmHg. Based on this research, it was found there are difference in a blood pressure before and after playing music. The normal blood pressure before playing music and will increase or decrease in time after playing the music.Key words: Blood pressure, MusicAbstrak: Tekanan darah dan denyut nadi merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam bidang kesehatan pada umumnya dan khususnya di bidang Kedokteran, karena tekanan darah maupun denyut nadi merupakan faktor yang dapat dipakai sebagai indikator untuk menilai sistem kardiovaskuler seseorang. Tekanan darah adalah tenaga yang di gunakan oleh darah terhadap diding pembuluh darah (arteri). Tekanan darah merupakan salah satu tanda vital di dalam tubuh manusia. Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara perubahan tekanan darah dengan dentuman musik baik yang hanya didengarkan maupun pada saat memainkan alat musik. Secara fisiologis peningkatan dan penurunan tekanan darah dapat diakibatkan oleh aliran musik tertentu. Serta Peningkatan dan penurunan tekanan darah pada saat sebelum dan sesudah bermain musik dipengaruhi oleh aktifitas fisik saat memainkan alat musik tertentu. Misalnya pemain musik drum, tekanan darahnya akan meningkat dua kali lipat pada saat sesudah bermain musik, dan violin (biola) menurun saat sesudah bermain musik.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis alat musik apa yang dapat meningkatkan dan menurunkan tekanan darah. Adapun jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Adapun variable pada penelitian ini adalah pemain musik dan tekanan darah. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa – siswi di sekolah musik TOM’s Yamaha Music school yaitu sebanyak 40 orang yang telah memenuhi criteria inklusi yaitu berumur 10-35 tahun terdiri atas pria dan wanita, sehat jasmani dan rohani, tidak menderita hipertensi dan menandatangani informed consent. Pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan tensimeter aneroid ABN spectrum dan stetoskop Littman. Sebelum bermain musik hasil didapatkan tekanan darah optimal dengan rata – rata tekanan darah 106/74mmHg, tekanan darah normal dengan rata – rata 121/80mmHg, tekanan darah normal tinggi 130/90mmHg, dan tekanan darah dengan hipertensi ringan rata – rata 140/92mmHg. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan adanya perbedaan tekanan darah yang dilakukan saat sebelum dan sesudah bermain musik. Tekanan darah normal pada saat sebelum bermain musik dan akan meningkat atau menurun pada saat sesudah bermain musik.Kata Kunci : tekanan darah, musik

scholarly journals May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Pakistan-South Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_B) ◽  
pp. B117-B119
Author(s):  
Feroz Memon ◽  
Thomas Beaney ◽  
Jonathan Clarke ◽  
Mohammad Ishaq ◽  
Kavita Bai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract High blood pressure (BP) is well recognized as a huge health problem worldwide and is often described as a silent killer. To develop awareness and screening of this health issue globally, the International Society of Hypertension created ‘May Measurement Month (MMM)’ a campaign to provide BP screening and advice to interested participants. This screening and awareness campaign in Pakistan is a continuation of the efforts of the first MMM programme in Pakistan in 2017. This study was conducted in May and June 2019. This public based cross-sectional study included and screened 6919 individuals of either gender and aged ≥18 years, after informed consent. Information about prior diagnosis and treatment of hypertension with history about comorbidities and life-style were taken by a standard pre-designed form. Participants also asked about previous participation in MMM 2017/18. Arterial BP was measured using the OMRON digital BP apparatus and three successive readings were taken. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg or taking antihypertensives. Participants had a mean age of 45.8 years and 47.1% had never had their BP checked. Of all those screened, 3601 (52.1%) participants had hypertension, of whom 56.2% were aware of their diagnosis, 49.5% were on antihypertensive medication and 19.8% had controlled BP (&lt;140/90 mmHg). Of the 1783 participants on antihypertensive medication, 40.0% had controlled BP. In Pakistan, there are still low levels of awareness, counselling and screening about high BP. Further large-scale studies are required in this region to evaluate these problems and link them with potential solutions.

scholarly journals Medication Errors in Adolescents Using Asthma Controller Medications

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2098134
Author(s):  
Henry Clark ◽  
Delesha Carpenter ◽  
Kathleen Walsh ◽  
Scott A. Davis ◽  
Nacire Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Medication Errors ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asthma Medication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Controller Medication ◽  
Controller Medications

The purpose of this study was to describe the number and types of errors that adolescents and caregivers report making when using asthma controller medications. A total of 319 adolescents ages 11 to 17 with persistent asthma and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Adolescent and caregiver reports of asthma medication use were compared to the prescribed directions in the medical record. An error was defined as discrepancies between reported use and the prescribed directions. About 38% of adolescents reported 1 error in using asthma controller medications, 16% reported 2 errors, and 5% reported 3 or more errors. About 42% of caregivers reported 1 error in adolescents using asthma controller medications, 14% reported 2 errors, while 6% reported 3 or more errors. The type of error most frequently reported by both was not taking the medication at all. Providers should ask open-ended questions of adolescents with asthma during visits so they can detect and educate families on how to overcome errors in taking controller medication use.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure and Tooth Loss: A Large Cross-Sectional Study with Age Mediation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
José João Mendes ◽  
João Viana ◽  
Filipe Cruz ◽  
Dinis Pereira ◽  
Sílvia Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Continuous Measures ◽  
Effect Of Age

We aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and tooth loss and the mediation effect of age. A cross-sectional study from a reference dental hospital was conducted from September 2017 to July 2020. Single measures of BP were taken via an automated sphygmomanometer device. Tooth loss was assessed through oral examination and confirmed radiographically. Severe tooth loss was defined as 10 or more teeth lost. Additional study covariates were collected via sociodemographic and medical questionnaires. A total of 10,576 patients were included. Hypertension was more prevalent in severe tooth loss patients than nonsevere tooth lost (56.1% vs. 39.3%, p < 0.001). The frequency of likely undiagnosed hypertension was 43.4%. The adjusted logistic model for sex, smoking habits and body mass index confirmed the association between continuous measures of high BP and continuous measures of tooth loss (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001). Age mediated 80.0% and 87.5% of the association between periodontitis with both systolic BP (p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (p < 0.001), respectively. Therefore, hypertension and tooth loss are associated, with a consistent mediation effect of age. Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension was elevated. Age, gender, active smoking, and BMI were independently associated with raised BP.

scholarly journals 732. Evaulation of Micafungin Treatment at Pediatric Patients: A cross-sectional Study from Tertiary Pediatric Centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S416-S417
Author(s):  
Kamile Arıkan ◽  
Nuri Bayram ◽  
İlker devrim ◽  
Ayküke Akaslan-Kara
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Median Serum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background Micafungin is one of three currently available echinocandin for treatment of candidiasis and candidemia. Methods Children who were treated for micafungin for possible or proven invasive Candidia infection between May 2017 and October 2019 were included. Results In this cross-sectional study, totally 78 children with a median age of 3 months (8 days -17 years), 50 (64.1%, F/M: 0.56) male were included. Thirty four (43.6%) patients were neonate, 26 (76 %) of them were premature. Thirty seven patients (47.4%) received micafungin for candidemia and 41 (52.6%) patients received micafungin empirically for IC. Twelve (32.4%) Candida spp cultured were C. albicans, the rest twenty five (67.6%) Candida spp were non-albicans Candida spp. The most commonly cultured Candida spp was Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis) (n=13) followed by C. albicans (n=12), C. glabrata (n=3), C. tropicalis (n=3), C. guilliermondii (n=3), C. krusei (n=2) respectively. Resistance rate of C. parapsilosis (n=13) isolates to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, micafungin were as follows respectively; 66.7%, 100%, 69.2%, 90.9%, 37.5% respectively. Resistance rate of C. albicans (n=11) isolates to fluconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, caspofungin, micafungin were as follows respectively; 50%, 50%, 12.5%, 42.9%, 0% respectively. None of the C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii and C. krusei isolates were resistant to micafungin. Culture negativity could not be achieved at the end of 14th day of micafungin treatment in the 15 (16.9%) candidemia episodes. The most commonly isolated Candida spp in patients with treatment failure was C. parapsilosis (n=7), the other species were; C. albicans (n=5), C. guilliermondii (n=1), C. tropicalis (n=1) and C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii coinfection (n=1) respectively. Median serum AST, ALT and creatinin levels didn’t increase during and at the end of micafungin therapy. None of these patients had experienced an anormal kidney or liver function tests due to micafungin usage. Characteristics of patients who received micafungin.and cultured Candida spp Antifungal resistance patterns of Candida spp. Laboratory change before and after micafungin treatment Conclusion Increase in fluconazole resistant Candida spp makes micafungin a reasonable and effective choice for suspected or proven invasive candidiasis Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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