scholarly journals Clinical Relevance of HLA Gene Variants in HBV Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Zou ◽  
Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Hla Polymorphism ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Host gene variants may influence the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans, is one of the most important host factors that are correlated with the clinical course of HBV infection. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near certain HLA gene loci are strongly associated with not only persistent HBV infection but also spontaneous HBV clearance and seroconversion, disease progression, and the development of liver cirrhosis and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). These variations also influence the efficacy of interferon (IFN) and nucleot(s)ide analogue (NA) treatment and response to HBV vaccines. Meanwhile, discrepant conclusions were reached with different patient cohorts. It is therefore essential to identify the associations of specific HLA allele variants with disease progression and viral clearance in chronic HBV infection among different ethnic populations. A better understanding of HLA polymorphism relevance in HBV infection outcome would enable us to elucidate the roles of HLA SNPs in the pathogenesis and clearance of HBV in different areas and ethnic groups, to improve strategies for the prevention and treatment of chronic HBV infection.

scholarly journals Interleukin-16 Gene Polymorphisms Are Considerable Host Genetic Factors for Patients’ Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Romani ◽  
Seyed Masoud Hosseini ◽  
Seyed Reza Mohebbi ◽  
Shabnam Kazemian ◽  
Shaghayegh Derakhshani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

Host genetic background is known as an important factor in patients’ susceptibility to infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-16 (IL-16) cytokine on susceptibility of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients to develop chronic HBV infection. Genotyping was conducted using PCR followed by enzymatic digestion and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis. We genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Il-16 gene (rs11556218 T>G, rs4778889 T>C, and rs4072111 C>T) to test for relationship between variation at these loci and patients’ susceptibility to chronic HBV infection. Allele frequency of Il-16 gene rs4072111 and rs11556218 was significantly different between chronic HBV patients and healthy blood donors. Genotype frequency of rs4778889 polymorphism of Il-16 gene was significantly different when chronic HBV patients and HBV clearance subjects were compared. Our results showed that Il-16 gene polymorphisms are considerable host genetic factors when we chase biomarkers for prognosis of HBV infected patients.

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs2227284, rs2243283 and rs2243288 in the IL-4 Gene Show no Association with Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B in a Chinese Han Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Qin Zhou ◽  
Yu-feng Gao ◽  
Xiao-miao Zhao ◽  
Fa-ming Pan ◽  
Xu Li
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
P Values ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Han Population ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene and outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a Chinese Han population. Methods Total of 501 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and 301 controls with selflimiting HBV infection were studied. Three tag SNPs in the IL-4 gene (rs2227284G/T, rs2243283C/G and rs2243288A/G) were genotyped by the Multiplex snapshot technique. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and analyzed. Results The three SNPs showed no significant genotype/allele associations with chronic HBV infection. Overall allele P values were: rs2227284, P = 0.655, odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.070 (0.793-1.445); rs2243283, P = 0.849, OR (95% CI) = 0.976 (0.758-1.257); rs2243288, P = 0.659, OR (95% CI) = 1.060 (0.818-1.375). Overall genotype P values were: rs2227284, P = 0.771; rs2243283, P = 0.571; rs2243288, P = 0.902. There were no statistically significant differences between patients with chronic HBV infection and controls. Haplotypes generated by these three SNPs also had no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions The three tag SNPs of IL-4 were not associated with the outcome of HBV infection in the Han Chinese population.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnancy: Immunological Response, Natural Course and Pregnancy Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Sirinart Sirilert ◽  
Theera Tongsong
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

This review aimed to provide an update on the impact of pregnancy on the natural course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and also on the impact of HBV infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes, including mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). For the literature review, original research articles, review articles, and guidelines were narratively reviewed and comprehensively validated. The databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were carefully searched for articles in English on topics related to HBV infection, pregnancy, and vertical transmission from 1960 to May 2021. Immunological changes during pregnancy such as suppression of Th1 response and induction of Th2 immunity lead to an impaired immune reaction to HBV and stimulate viral activity along with the reduction of CD8 T cells to escape immune detection. The impact of pregnancy on the natural course of chronic HBV infection seems to be minimal, while pregnancy can increase morbidity and mortality in the case of advanced HBV hepatitis or cirrhosis. Importantly, hepatitis flare or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare can occur during pregnancy and is more common during the postpartum period due to the interaction between HBV and the immune response. Interestingly, the impact of HBV infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes is more serious than ever thought. Updated evidence indicates that pregnancies with chronic HBV infection increase the risk of preterm birth and gestational diabetes, especially in cases of positive hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg).

scholarly journals G‐to‐A Hypermutation in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Clinical Course of Patients with Chronic HBV Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 199 (11) ◽  
pp. 1599-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemi Noguchi ◽  
Michio Imamura ◽  
Masataka Tsuge ◽  
Nobuhiko Hiraga ◽  
Nami Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Recombinant hepatitis B core antigen carrying preS1 epitopes induce immune response against chronic HBV infection

Vaccine ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchun Chen ◽  
Meizhong Li ◽  
Xiaohua Le ◽  
Weimin Ma ◽  
Boping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Recombinant Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Hepatitis B Core Antigen

scholarly journals Expanded circulating follicular dendritic cells facilitate immune responses in chronic HBV infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Li ◽  
Qifan Zhang ◽  
Wanyue Zhang ◽  
Guofu Ye ◽  
Yanchen Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Follicular Dendritic Cells ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Background: The restoration of host hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific antiviral immunity is an effective strategy for hepatitis B recovery. Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) play a crucial role in immune regulation. The goal of the present study was to investigate the characteristics and functions of FDCs in chronic HBV infection. Methods: The frequencies of FDCs in peripheral blood, liver, and spleen were measured in patients with chronic HBV infection. Isolated FDCs from splenic tissues of HBV-related liver cirrhosis-induced hypersplenism patients were cultured with autologous intrasplenic CD4 + T cells and CD19 + B cells.Results: We found that patients with chronic HBV infection had a significantly increased frequency of circulating FDCs compared with that of healthy controls. Additionally, the frequency of circulating FDCs was positively correlated with that of intrahepatic and intrasplenic counterparts. Moreover, a positive correlation between the frequency of circulating FDCs and plasmablast and memory B cells, as well as C-X-C motif chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) + CD4 + T cells and CXCR5 + CD8 + T cells was also observed. Notably, in vitro experiments demonstrated that FDCs derived from splenic tissues of chronic HBV patients facilitated interferon-γ and interleukin-21 production from autologous intrasplenic CD4 + T cells and promoted the proliferation of autologous intrasplenic CD19 + B cells. Conclusions: Expanded FDCs in patients with chronic HBV infection may favor the host immune responses against HBV. The identification of this unique population may contribute to a better understanding of the immune regulatory mechanisms and provide a potential immunotherapeutic target in chronic HBV infection.

A Method to Detect Hepatitis B Virus-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Patients with Acute and Chronic HBV Infection

1994 ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Geert Leroux-Roels ◽  
Els Van Hecke ◽  
Jozef Paradijs ◽  
Chantal Molitor ◽  
Carine Bastin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of SEC24D as a susceptibility gene for hepatitis B virus infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhong Jiang ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Junsheng Zhao ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Haijun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection that have been identified by genome-wide association studies explain only a limited portion of the known heritability, indicating more genetic variants remain to be discovered. In this study, we adopted a new research strategy to identify more susceptibility genes and variants for HBV infection. We first performed genetic association analysis of 300 sib-pairs and 3,087 case-control samples, which revealed that 36 SNPs located in 31 genes showed nominal associations with HBV infection in both samples. Of these genes, we selected SEC24D for further molecular analysis according to the following two main lines of evidence. First, a time course analysis of the expression profiles from HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes (PHH) demonstrated that SEC24D expression increased markedly as time passed after HBV infection (P = 4.0 × 10−4). Second, SNP rs76459466 in SEC24D was adversely associated with HBV risk (ORmeta = 0.82; Pmeta = 0.002), which again indicated that SEC24D represents a novel susceptibility gene for HBV infection. Moreover, SEC24D appeared to be protective against HBV infection in vitro. Consistently, we found that SEC24D expression was significantly enhanced in non-infected liver tissues (P = 0.002). We conclude that SEC24D is a novel candidate gene linked to susceptibility to HBV infection.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Hepatits B Infection Among Patients Attending Liver Unit in Nepalgunj Medical College – Kohalpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
Dipendra Khadka ◽  
Sudhamshu KC ◽  
Niyanta Karki ◽  
Sandip Khadka ◽  
Kiran Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Liver Unit ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Introduction: Hepatitis B infection is a global problem. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection related liver disease is also not an uncommon problem in our country too. Reports regarding pattern of chronic HBV infection are also lacking. The aim of the present study was to determine the spectrum of chronic HBV infection among patients attending the liver clinic in a tertiary care center. Method: A hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Liver unit of Nepalgunj Medical College, Kohalpur, from April 2018 to November 2018. All patients with HBsAg positive were further tested for HBeAg, HBeAb, HBV DNA quantitative and liver function test. Ultrasound examination was advised for any evidence of chronic liver disease. Staging was done according to viral serology, liver biochemistry and ultrasonography of liver Results: Total patients enrolled were 119. Majority of patents were in between 30-60 years (51.3%) with male predominance 59.7%. Most of patients were in the stage of HBeAg negative chronic infection 66.4% with normal transaminase and HBV DNA <2000 IU/ML. Majority of patients having unknown source of infection 90.8%. Incidental detection (67.2%) was common mode of detection. Conclusions: Majority of patients were in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B infection phase with normal transaminase and low HBV DNA not requiring treatment.

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