scholarly journals Treatment with Myo-Inositol and Selenium Ensures Euthyroidism in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Nordio ◽  
Sabrina Basciani
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patient ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Complete Restoration

Clinical evidences have highlighted the efficacy of myo-inositol and selenium in the treatment of autoimmune thyroiditis. Aim of this study was to further analyze the role of myo-inositol plus selenium (Myo-Ins-Se) in restoring a normal thyroid function of Hashimoto’s patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Eighty-six patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis having thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels between 3 and 6 mIU/L, elevated serum antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and/or antithyroglobulin (TgAb), and normal free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels were enrolled in the study: one hyperthyroid subject with TSH about 0.14 μU/ml was included in this trial as a single case. Patients were assigned to receive Myo-Ins-Se. TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels were significantly decreased in patients treated with combined Myo-Ins-Se after 6 months of treatment. In addition, a significant fT3and fT4increase, along with an amelioration of their quality of life, was observed. Remarkably, TSH values of the hyperthyroid patient increased from 0.14 μU/ml up to 1.02 μU/ml, showing a complete restoration of TSH values at a normal range. In conclusion, the administration of Myo-Ins-Se is significantly effective in decreasing TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb levels, as well as enhancing thyroid hormones and personal wellbeing, therefore restoring euthyroidism in patients diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Subclinical hypothyroidism

2011 ◽  
pp. 543-547
Author(s):  
Jayne A. Franklyn
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Serum Tsh

Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined biochemically as the association of a raised serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration with normal circulating concentrations of free thyroxine (T4) and free triiodothyronine (T3). The term subclinical hypothyroidism implies that patients should be asymptomatic, although symptoms are difficult to assess, especially in patients in whom thyroid function tests have been checked because of nonspecific complaints such as tiredness. An expert panel has recently classified individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism into two groups (1): (1) those with mildly elevated serum TSH (typically TSH in the range 4.5–10.0 mU/l) and (2) those with more marked TSH elevation (serum TSH >10.0 mU/l).

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of the effect of diosgenin on autoimmune thyroiditis in a rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfei Zhang ◽  
Lingling Qin ◽  
Boju Sun ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Fengying Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Camp Response Element Binding ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Element Binding Protein

AbstractIn a mouse model of Graves’ disease (GD), diosgenin has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on GD by alleviating goitre. However, research on the effect of diosgenin on autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is lacking. In this study, transcriptomics was used to comprehensively analyse the protective effect of diosgenin against AIT in rats and the possible mechanism. The results showed that in the diosgenin-intervention group, compared to the model group, the expression of serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine was decreased and that of thyroid-stimulating hormone was increased; these changes were accompanied by the downregulation of thyroglobulin, TSH receptor antibody and thyroid peroxidase expression in serum. Furthermore, transcriptome detection, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry verification revealed that in thyroid tissue, the relative mRNA and protein expression of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element-binding protein (Creb) were increased and the mRNA expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) was decreased in the diosgenin groups. In summary, diosgenin alleviates the development of AIT, possibly via the activation of the cAMP/PKA/Creb pathway and downregulation of S100A9 gene expression.

Thyroid hormones in fibrocystic breast disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Martinez ◽  
Jose A Castilla ◽  
Teresa Gil ◽  
Jorge Molina ◽  
José L Alarcón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Breast Cyst Fluid ◽  
Fibrocystic Breast Disease

Martinez L, Castilla JA, Gil T, Molina J, Alarcón JL, Marcos C, Herruzo A. Thyroid hormones in fibrocystic breast disease. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:673–6. ISSN 0804–4643 This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of thyroid hormones in fibrocystic breast disease. The concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), free T4 and free triiodothyronine (T3) were determined in serum of 50 women with fibrocystic breast disease without macrocysts (cysts of over 3 mm diameter) and in the serum and breast cyst fluid (BCF) of 60 women with fibrocystic breast disease and macrocysts. Possible relationships between thyroid hormones and estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in the BCF also were analyzed. Serum thyroid hormone levels did not differ between the two groups. Free T3 levels were higher in BCF than in serum (p < 0.001), whereas T4, free T4 and TSH concentrations were lower in BCF as compared to serum (p < 0.001). Cysts were divided according to their K+/Na+ ratio because a ratio above 3 represents a predictor of malignant transformation. Free T3 concentrations were higher in BCF than in serum, in both low K+/Na+ cysts and in cysts with a K+/ Na+ ratio above 3; those cysts with a high K+/Na+ ratio had the highest free T3 concentration. Free T3 in cysts correlated positively to the K+/Na+ ratio (r = 0.831; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the concentration of free T3 in BCF was predicted statistically by the positive regression coefficient for the estradiol concentration. No candidate variable was included in the model to predict concentrations of TSH, free T4 or T4 in BCF. These data suggest an important role of free T3 in the physiology of fibrocystic breast disease. Alfonso Herruzo, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Regional "Virgen de las Nieves", 18014 Granada, Spain

scholarly journals The Role of Alpha Defensins in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Oktayoglu ◽  
Nuriye Mete ◽  
Mehmet Caglayan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanisms

Abstract Objectives Defensins are a family of antimicrobial peptides. Elevated levels of human neutrophil peptides (HNP 1–3) are seen in blood samples of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and in many rheumatic diseases. It has been suggested that they may play a significant role in the progression and pathogenesis of these diseases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the levels of HNP 1–3 in sera of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its association with disease activity and other clinical features of AS. Methods A total of 36 patients, who met the Modified New York Criteria for AS, and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. The Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) were used to assess disease activity. The Bath AS Radiology Index (BASRI) was used to assess radiological damage. Spinal and hip measurements were determined by the Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI). An AS Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire was administered to assess the disease-related quality of life. Serum HNP 1–3 levels were determined using the ELISA kit. Results Mean serum HNP 1–3 levels were significantly higher in patients with AS (287.01±201.307 vs. 152.09±43.75 pg/ml) compared with HCs (p=0.001). HNP 1–3 levels did not correlate with BASDAI (p=0.519), ASDAS-CRP (p=0.424), BASRI (p=0.280), BASMI (p=0.168), ASQoL (p=0.307), ESR (p=0.706) and CRP (p=0.157) values. Conclusion Elevated serum levels of HNP 1–3 may play an important role in the pathogenetic mechanisms of AS. This result may give us an opportunity to develop new treatment strategies considering the role of these peptides in the pathogenetic mechanisms of AS.

scholarly journals Role of Argwadha Nitya Virechana in Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus-II): A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
Shilpa Bhaskarrao Deshpande ◽  
Shweta Parwe ◽  
Milind Nisargandha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Number Of Patients

Diabetes Mellitus is now considered a pandemic. Especially in India, the number of patients increased at 14% prediabetic, becoming the capital of Diabetes. It is a clinical syndrome which is characterize by an increased level of blood sugar. In Ayurveda, the ṁadhumeha is explained as a type of prameha. The kinds of madhumeha is of two. One is dhatukshaya, and other is avaranjanya. The avaranjanya type of Madhumeha is allowed to be treated with the shodhana process. In which vamana and virechana are effective. Objective: The objective of this study was to study the efficacy of Nitya Virechana in the management of madhumeha. Case report: A single case study of a 59 yrs old male patient who was already diagnosed with madhumeha before 21 days. Symptoms such as pippasa, shramdaurbalya, Bahumutrata were present; after investigation, he was advised for Nitya Virechana. Result: Symptomatic assessment of the patient was carried out after treatment i.e. after Nitya Virechana and outcome was satisfactory, and the quality of life of patient was significantly improved. Conclusion: Nitya Virechana brought about good relief in symptoms in patients with Madhumeha and controlling the blood sugar level.

Hyperthyroidism in an infant of a mother with autoimmune hypothyroidism with positive TSH receptor antibodies

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kriti Joshi ◽  
Margaret Zacharin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Autoimmune Hypothyroidism ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blocking Antibodies ◽  
Receptor Antibodies

Abstract Background: Neonatal hyperthyroidism is rare, seen in infants of mothers with Graves’ disease (GD), with transplacental transfer of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antibodies (TRAbs). We describe a neonate with severe hyperthyroidism due to TRAbs, born to a mother with autoimmune hypothyroidism. Case presentation: A baby boy born preterm at 35 weeks had irritability, tachycardia and proptosis after birth. The mother had autoimmune hypothyroidism, from age 10, with thyroxine replacement and normal thyroid function throughout her pregnancy. She had never been thyrotoxic. There was a family history of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and GD. The baby’s thyroid function on day 3 demonstrated gross thyrotoxicosis, TSH<0.01 mIU/L (normal range [NR]<10 mIU/L), free thyroxine (FT4)>77 pmol/L (20–35), free triiodothyronine (FT3) 15.4 pmol/L (4.2–8.3) and TRAb 18.4 IU/L (<1.8). The mother’s TRAb was 24.7 IU/L. Thyrotoxicosis required propranolol and carbimazole (CBZ). Thyroid function normalized within 10 days. The baby was weaned off medication by 7 weeks. He remains euthyroid. Conclusions: We postulate that this mother had co-existing destructive thyroiditis and thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) and TSHR blocking antibodies (TBAb), rendering her unable to raise a thyrotoxic response to the TSAbs but with predominant TSAb transmission to her infant. Maternal history of any thyroid disorder may increase the risk of transmission to an infant, requiring a careful clinical assessment of the neonate, with important implications for future pregnancies.

Iodine intakes of 100–300 μg/d do not modify thyroid function and have modest anti-inflammatory effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1783-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Soriguer ◽  
Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso ◽  
Elehazara Rubio-Martin ◽  
Francisca Linares ◽  
Isabel Cardona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Little information is available as to whether doses of iodide similar to those recommended in clinical practice for the prevention of iodine deficiency in pregnant women affect thyroid function. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether doses of iodide can affect thyroid function in adults, and evaluate its effect on plasma markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and acute-phase proteins. A total of thirty healthy volunteers (ten men and twenty women) with normal thyroid function were randomly assigned to three groups (n10). Each group received a daily dose of 100, 200 or 300 μg of iodide in the form of KI for 6 months. Free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) levels at day 60 of the study were higher in the groups treated with 200 and 300 μg (P = 0·01), and correlated with the increase in urinary iodine (r0·50,P = 0·007). This correlation lost its significance after adjustment for the baseline FT4. The baseline urinary iodine and FT4 correlated positively with the baseline glutathione peroxidase. On day 60, urinary iodine correlated with C-reactive protein (r0·461,P = 0·018), and free triiodothyronine correlated with IL-6 (r− 0·429,P = 0·025). On day 60, the changes produced in urinary iodine correlated significantly with the changes produced in α1-antitrypsin (r0·475,P = 0·014) and ceruloplasmin (r0·599,P = 0·001). The changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone correlated significantly with the changes in α1-antitrypsin (r− 0·521,P = 0·005) and ceruloplasmin (r− 0·459,P = 0·016). In conclusion, the administration of an iodide supplement between 100 and 300 μg/d did not modify thyroid function in a population with adequate iodine intake. The results also showed a slight anti-inflammatory and antioxidative action of iodide.

scholarly journals Valproate use and thyroid dysfunction in children with idiopathic epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-7
Author(s):  
Josephine Juliana Sibarani ◽  
Melda Deliana ◽  
Johannes H. Saing
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Long-term administration of valproic acid (VPA) has side effects, including thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) identified by elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations with normal thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), or normal free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) has been demonstrated in idiopathic epilepsy patients receiving VPA. Objective To evaluate for associations between age at initiation of VPA treatment and duration of treatment with thyroid dysfunction. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2012 to May 2013 in Haji Adam Malik and Pirngadi Hospitals, Medan, North Sumatera. Subjects were children ranging from 0 and below 18 years who had been diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy. Blood specimens were taken to evaluate serum T3, T4, and TSH levels in all subjects. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results A total of 49 subjects were included in the study. Age of ≤ 4 years at initiation of VPA was found to be a significant risk factor for SCH in the bivariate analysis (OR 6.67; 95%CI 1.215 to 36.594, P=0.036). Three factors had P values <0.25 in the bivariate analysis and were subsequently analyzed by stepwise multivariate regression test: age at initiation of VPA, duration of treatment, and drug dosage. The VPA initiation at age <4 years had 6.67 times the risk of SCH than the age of >4 years (95%CI 1.215 to 36.594; P=0.029). Duration of treatment and VPA dosage were not significantly associated with SCH on multivariate analysis Conclusion Age ≤ 4 years old at the initiation of VPA is associated with thyroid dysfunction. However, no significant association was found between duration of treatment as well as drug dosage with  thyroid dysfunction.  

scholarly journals An Update on the Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Inappropriate Secretion of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6611
Author(s):  
Kenji Ohba
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Inappropriate Secretion ◽  
Hpt Axis ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Inappropriate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (IST), also known as central hyperthyroidism, is a clinical condition characterized by elevated free thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations concurrent with detectable thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. Similarly, the term syndrome of IST (SITSH) is widely used in Japan to refer to a closely related condition; however, unlike that for IST, an elevated serum free triiodothyronine concentration is not a requisite criterion for SITSH diagnosis. IST or SITSH is an important indicator of resistance to thyroid hormone β (RTHβ) caused by germline mutations in genes encoding thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) and TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Recent evidence has accumulated for several conditions associated with IST, including RTH without mutations in the TRβ gene (non-TR-RTH), the phenomenon of hysteresis involving the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT-axis), methodological interference, and Cushing’s syndrome after surgical resection. However, little information is available on the systematic pathophysiological aspects of IST in previous review articles. This report presents an overview of the recent advances in our understanding of the etiological aspects of IST that are relevant for diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the report focuses on the potential mechanism of IST caused by hysteresis in the HPT-axis (lagging TSH recovery) in terms of epigenetic regulation.

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