scholarly journals Persistence of Toxic Activity of Fermentation Extracts fromBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisafter More Than Three Decades of Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Jesús Galán-Wong ◽  
Rossana Gamiño-Hernández ◽  
David Fernández-Chapa ◽  
Graciela García-Díaz ◽  
Myriam A. De La Garza-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Coprecipitation Method ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Long Storage ◽  
Toxic Proteins

This study was carried out to determine the persistence of toxicity of fermentation extracts ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisafter more than three decades of storage. For this purpose, a population ofAedes aegyptiwas established. The mortality rate of 20 spore-crystal extracts purified using the acetone-lactose coprecipitation method was measured and evaluated by bioassays according to a modified WHO protocol. The extracts with the highest mortality rate were determined in triplicate by their LD50and LD98. All extracts showed toxicity at the highest tested dose (1000 ppm) and some, such as strains 3260 and 3501, still killed larvae at doses as low as 0.01 ppm. These data are surprising because no study on the activity ofB. thuringiensistoxic proteins after such a long storage time has been reported.

Insecticidal Activity of a Cry1Ca toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Firmicutes: Bacillaceae) and Its Synergism with the Cyt1Aa Toxin Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1852-1856
Author(s):  
Sebastian E González-Villarreal ◽  
Mónica García-Montelongo ◽  
Jorge E Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Joint Action ◽  
Recombinant Strain ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Graphical Method ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Lepidopteran Species ◽  
Gene Coding

Abstract The Cry1C protein family of Bacillus thuringiensis form bipyramidal crystals, which are commonly associated with toxic activity against lepidopteran species; however, some members of this family may also be toxic to dipterans. In the present work, the Cry1Ca16 protein, synthesized by the B. thuringiensis LBIT-1217 strain, was analyzed. The gene coding for this protein was amplified, sequenced, and cloned into the pSTAB vector, which was electro-transferred into the acrystalliferous B. thuringiensis 4Q7 strain. The recombinant strain showed the expected bipyramidal crystal morphology, identical to the original LBIT-1217 strain and exhibited toxicity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (Diptera). Pure crystals from the recombinant strain were used in bioassays against Ae. aegypti larvae, estimating an LC50 of 4.61 μg/ml. Further studies on Cry1Ca16 mosquitocidal potential included joint-action tests with the Cyt1Aa protein crystals from B. thuringiensis israelensis. An LC50 using pure Cyt1Aa crystals was estimated at 0.73 μg/ml, whereas an LC50 of 0.61 μg/ml was estimated when both toxins were tested together. Data from these bioassays was analyzed using joint-action tests such as the Tammes-Bakuniak graphical method and the formula proposed by Tabashnik (1992). Both tests clearly showed a synergistic effect between these two toxins.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Storage Time Formulation of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Aedes aegypti Larvae (Linnaeus, 1757)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Melanie Melanie ◽  
Mia Miranti Rustama ◽  
Inriyani Sintia Sihotang ◽  
Hikmat Kasmara
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Entomopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Time Formulation

Aedes aegypti is known as the main vector of dengue fever in Indonesia which causes a high number of deaths and become an outbreak every year. This disease is generally controlled by breaking the life cycle of mosquitoes with restricted breeds and using synthetic insecticides. So far biological agents from natural enemies and natural pathogens have been developed to anticipate the negative effects of synthetic insecticides. Bacillus thuringiensis is well known as entomopathogenic bacteria that can control various insect pests of cultivated plants and vector insects, such as Ae.aegypti.  B. thuringiensis can form endospores that produced toxin to Ae.aegypti, while the advatages are safe against non-target organisms such as natural predators and parasites, safe for mammals and humans and do not pollute the environment. Effective duration of B. thuringiensis in infecting Ae. aegypti is an important thing to be studied, moreover it is important to know the effectiveness of the expired formulation on the market and the residual effect. This ensures that the use of B. thuringiensis remains safe and does not create new problems such as Ae. aegypti  resistance. The experimental research was used bioassay method, toxicity test was performed B. thuringiensis expired and non expire as comparison at concentration 0 ppm (control), 0,3 ppm; 0.1 ppm; 0.07 ppm; 0.05 ppm; 0.03 ppm; 0.01 ppm. The parameters observed were mortality for 48 hours of toxicity test that results were indicated by LC 50, LC90 and recidual values. The results obtained were LC50 and LC formulations B.thuringiensis expired 0.305 ppm and 1.513 ppm much higher than the non expire LC50 and LC formulations of 0.0363 ppm and 0.8971 ppm. The recidual effect of expired B. thuringiensis on larvae Ae. Aegypti was only effective until day 12, whereas B. thuringiensis  that  non expire formulation was effectively until day 14.Keywords : Ae. aegypti, B. thuringiensis, mortality, recidual values, expired formulation

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis yang Telah Kedaluwarsa Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novia Kurnia Sari ◽  
E Setyaningrum ◽  
Emantis Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Main Factor

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi efektif dan mortalitas Bti kedaluwarsa terhadap larva nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2018 di Laboratorium Zoologi II, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Lampung. Rancangan penelitian yaitu RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) menggunakan Bti kedaluwarsa sebagai faktor utama dengan 6 taraf konsentrasi : 0 ppm (kontrol positif), 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm dan Bti normal 20 ppm sebagai kontrol negatif yang terdiri dari 4 ulangan. Parameter yang di uji adalah tingkat mortalitas larva Ae. aegypti. Data di olah dengan uji ANOVA dan dilanjut uji BNT pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Bti kedaluwarsa 300 ppm merupakan konsentrasi Bti kedaluwarsa yang paling tinggi dan lamanya waktu kontak yang paling cepat menyebabkan kematian larva Ae. aegypti hingga 100%. Kesimpulannya Bti kedaluwarsa masih efektif dan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kematian larva Ae. aegypti. Kata kunci : Ae. aegypti , Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis, Mortalitas ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effective concentration and mortality of Bti who have expired mosquito larvae Ae. aegypti. This research was conducted in December 2018 at the Zoology Laboratory II, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. This research was conducted with RAL (Complete Random Design) using Bti expiration as the main factor with 6 levels of concentration: 0 ppm (positive control), 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, 250 ppm, 300 ppm and normal Bti 20 ppm as a negative control consisting of 4 replications. As a parameter is the mortality rate of larvae Ae. aegypti. Data was analyzed using ANOVA test and continued with LSD test at the 5% level. The results showed that the Bti concentration expiry of 300 ppm the highest expiration Bti concentration and the longest contact time to cause death to the larvae Ae. aegypti up to 100%. In conclusion, the Bti expired has an effective and influence on the death of the larvae Ae. aegypti. Keywords: Ae. aegypti, Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis, Mortality

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Storage Time Formulation of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Aedes aegypti Larvae (Linnaeus, 1757)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Melanie ◽  
Mia Miranti Rustama ◽  
Inriyani Sintia Sihotang ◽  
Hikmat Kasmara
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Time Formulation

The Sterility of Reusable Surgical Instruments with Pouches Packaging on One of the Private Hospital in Bandung

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniawansyah I. S. ◽  
Mita S. R. ◽  
Najla E. ◽  
Nindayani E.
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Sterility Testing ◽  
Reusable Instruments ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Infection ◽  
Long Storage

Healthcare associated infection is one of the common infection that happens in Indonesia. One form control to prevent healthcare associated infection is the sterilization process of the materials and medical instruments that used for taking care of patients. At the private hospital whereas a place of research, there’s never been done the study of sterility test for reusable instrument with pouches, based on previous studies showed that 8 sets from 40 sets of reusable instrument with linen were not sterile moreover there were positively influence from the amount of time to the sterility of reusable instrument. The purpose of these studies was to determining the relationship between a long storage time and the sterility of reusable instruments with pouches. The method that used in this study was the sterility testing of reusable instrument with pouches which were stored in a central operations room storage with a long storage time of 1 and 2 months. From 30 reusable instruments with pouches which were stored for nine months there were 5 instruments were not sterile. The results of statistic analysis showed that the amount of storage time not significantly associated to the sterility of reusable instrument with pouches in the operating room central storage space.

Characterization of a novel Bacillus thuringiensis toxin active against Aedes aegypti larvae

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106088
Author(s):  
Jiangyu Wu ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Jiali He ◽  
Kang Fu ◽  
Xinxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Toxin

scholarly journals Evaluación de dos formulaciones de Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 para el control de larvas de Aedes aegypti

Biomédica ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco F. Suárez ◽  
Dwight Ayala ◽  
Michael J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti

scholarly journals Cloning and Expression of Two Crystal Protein Genes, cry30Ba1 and cry44Aa1, Obtained from a Highly Mosquitocidal Strain, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus INA288

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 5673-5676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ito ◽  
Tomonori Ikeya ◽  
Ken Sahara ◽  
Hisanori Bando ◽  
Shin-ichiro Asano
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Crystal Protein ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Crystal Protein Genes

ABSTRACT Two novel crystal protein genes, cry30Ba and cry44Aa, were cloned from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus INA288 and expressed in an acrystalliferous strain. Cry44Aa crystals were highly toxic to second-instar Culex pipiens pallens (50% mortality concentration [LC50] = 6 ng/ml) and Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 12 ng/ml); however, Cry30Ba crystals were not toxic.

scholarly journals Effects of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae under laboratory conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Milenka Peric ◽  
Mirjana Prijovic ◽  
Goran Andric
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Zero Time

Toxicity and persistence of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis applied to Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were tested under laborabory conditions. The formulations were: a) water dispersible granules (product VectoBac WDG), and b) aqueous suspension (product VectoBac 12AS). The effects of both products on mosquito larvae were tested immediately after their dilution in pure water (zero time) and in 1-, 2-, 8- and 13-day old solutions. The two products were also tested in mixtures of water and clay at a rate of 0.5 g clay/150 ml water immediately after product dilution, and in one-day old solutions containing 0.1 and 0.05 g of clay in the same amount of water. The product VectoBac WDG was persistent and highly effective against Ae. aegypti larvae in pure water after the longest experimental period of 13 days, and significantly more effective than VectoBac 12AS at equal rates of application. The effectiveness of VectoBac 12AS weakened significantly after 8 and 13 days of treatment, compared to the effects at zero time and in 1- and 2-day old solutions. High clay content in water significantly reduced the larvicidal effectiveness of both products, indicating its possible compromising role during product application in practice.

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