scholarly journals Linear and Complex Measures of Heart Rate Variability during Exposure to Traffic Noise in Healthy Women

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrela Alves ◽  
David M. Garner ◽  
Anne M. G. G. Fontes ◽  
Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara Sousa ◽  
Vitor E. Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
City Street ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Healthy Female

Previous studies have described significant impact of different types of noise on the linear behavior of heart rate variability (HRV). However, there are few studies regarding the complexity of HRV during exposure to traffic noise. In this study, we evaluated the complexity of HRV during traffic noise exposure. We analyzed 31 healthy female students aged between 18 and 30 years. Volunteers remained at rest seated under spontaneous breathing during 10 minutes with an earphone turned off, and then they were exposed to traffic noise through an earphone for a period of 10 minutes. The traffic noise was recorded from a very busy city street and the sound was comprised of car, bus, and trucks engines and horn (71–104 dB). We observed no significant changes in the linear analysis of HRV. CFP3 (Cohen’s d=1.28, large effect size) and CFP6 (Cohen’s d=1.11, large effect size) parameters of chaotic global analysis and Shannon (Cohen’s d=1.13, large effect size), Renyi (Cohen’s d=1.06, large effect size), and Tsallis (Cohen’s d=1.14, large effect size) entropies significantly increased p<0.005 during traffic noise exposure. In conclusion, traffic noise under laboratory conditions increased the complexity of HRV through chaotic global analysis and some measures of entropy in healthy females.

scholarly journals Chaotic global analysis of heart rate variability following power spectral adjustments during exposure to traffic noise in healthy adult women

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 3739
Author(s):  
D. M. Garner ◽  
M. Alves ◽  
B. P. Da Silva ◽  
L. V. De Alcantara Sousa ◽  
V. E. Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Substantial Impact

Aim. Previous studies have described the substantial impact of different types of noise on the linear behaviour of heart rate variability (HRV). Yet, there are limited studies about the complexity or nonlinear dynamics of HRV during exposure to traffic noise. Here, we evaluated the complexity of HRV during traffic noise exposure via six power spectra and, when adjusted by the parameters of the Multi-Taper Method (MTM).Material and methods. We analysed 31 healthy female students between 18 and 30 years old. Subjects remained at rest, seated under spontaneous breathing for 20 minutes with an earphone turned off and then the volunteers were exposed to traffic noise through an earphone for a period of 20 minutes. The traffic noise was recorded from a busy urban street and the sound involved car, bus, trucks engineers and horn sounds (71-104 dB).Results. The results stipulate that CFP3 and CFP6 are the best metrics to distinguish the two groups. The most appropriate power spectra were, Welch and MTM. Increasing the DPSS parameter of MTM increased the performance of both CFP3 and CFP6 as mathematical markers. Adaptive was the preferred type for Thomson’s nonlinear combination method.Conclusion. CFP3 with the adaptive option for MTM, and increased DPSS is designated as the best mathematical marker on the basis of five statistical tests.

scholarly journals Effects of Heart Rate Variability Coherence Biofeedback Training and Emotional Management Techniques to Decrease Music Performance Anxiety

Biofeedback ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron R. Thurber ◽  
Eugenia Bodenhamer-Davis ◽  
Mark Johnson ◽  
Kris Chesky ◽  
Cynthia K. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Subjective Improvement ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Music Performance Anxiety

Abstract Due to the prevalence of music performance anxiety and the emergence of new biofeedback technologies used to decrease anxiety, student musicians were recruited to participate in an experimental repeated-measures study to identify effects of heart rate variability coherence biofeedback training and emotional self-regulation techniques on music performance anxiety and music performance. Fourteen students were assigned randomly to a treatment or control group following a 5-minute unaccompanied baseline performance. Treatment group participants received 4–5 heart rate variability training sessions of 30–50 minutes each. Training included bibliotherapy, computerized heart rate variability biofeedback training, emotional regulation exercises, and use of a portable heart rate variability training device. Measures included the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Performance Anxiety Inventory, Flow State Scale, average heart rate, and heart rate variability. Quade's rank-transformed analysis of covariance was used to evaluate treatment and no-treatment group comparisons. Combined music performance anxiety scores showed statistically significant improvement at a p  =  .05 level with a large effect size of ηp2  =  .320. State anxiety measurement showed a large effect size of ηp2  =  .291. The Performance Anxiety Inventory showed a large effect size of ηp2  =  .149. Heart rate showed a large effect size of ηp2  =  .143. Heart rate variability showed statistical significance at p  =  .001 level and a large effect size of ηp2  = .698. The treatment group average subjective decrease in music performance anxiety was 71%, and the treatment group average subjective improvement in performance was 62%. This study demonstrated statistical and practical/clinical significance of a relatively quick and inexpensive biofeedback training that had a large effect on decreasing mental, emotional, and physiological aspects of music performance anxiety and subjective improvement of performance for university students.

scholarly journals The Opposite of Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159
Author(s):  
Maria Meier ◽  
Eva Unternaehrer ◽  
Sabine M. Schorpp ◽  
Maya Wenzel ◽  
Annika Benz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Vagal Tone ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Creative Potential ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Healthy Female

Abstract. Cognition is affected by psychophysiological states. While the influence of stress on cognition has been investigated intensively, less studies have addressed how the opposite of stress, a state of relaxation, affects cognition. We investigated whether the extent of parasympathetic activation is positively related to divergent thinking. Sixty healthy female participants were randomly allocated to a standardized vagus nerve massage ( n = 19), a standardized soft shoulder massage ( n = 22), or a resting control group ( n = 19). Subsequently, participants completed the Alternative Uses Test (AUT), a measure of divergent thinking. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), a vagally mediated heart rate variability component, was monitored throughout the experiment. The area under the curve with respect to the increase was calculated for RSA trajectories as an indicator of vagal tone during the relaxing intervention. Regressions tested the effect of vagal tone on AUT outcomes. We found an association between vagal tone and subsequent AUT outcomes. Yet, this association was no longer significant when controlling for the effect of the creative potential of an individual, which was strongly related to AUT outcomes. Being exploratory, we found a positive association between creative potential and vagal tone. These results imply that creative potential might be related to the capacity to relax.

scholarly journals Effects of a 48-h fast on heart rate variability and cortisol levels in healthy female subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mazurak ◽  
A Günther ◽  
F S Grau ◽  
E R Muth ◽  
M Pustovoyt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Female Subjects

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Air Pollution and Noise from Road Traffic in a Panel of Young Healthy Subjects

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanns Moshammer ◽  
Julian Panholzer ◽  
Lisa Ulbing ◽  
Emanuel Udvarhelyi ◽  
Barbara Ebenbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Busy Road

Twenty-four healthy students walked at least four times for 1 hour under each of the four settings: by a busy road; by a busy road wearing ear plugs; in a park; and in a park but exposed to traffic noise (65 dB) through speakers. Particle mass (smaller than 2.5 and 1 µm, PM1 and PM2.5, (respectively)particle number and noise levels were measured throughout each walk. Lung function and exhaled nitric oxide (NO) were measured before, immediately after, 1 hour after, and approximately 24 h after each walk. Blood pressure and heart-rate variability were measured every 15 min during each walk. Air pollution levels reduced lung function levels; noise levels reduced systolic blood pressure and heart-rate variability.

scholarly journals Influence of the insider floater on heart rate, perceived exertion and technical demand in soccer´s small-sided games

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (41) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
The Cross

The aim of our study has been to verify the effect of the insider floater at the heart rate (HR), the perceived exertion (RPE) and the technical actions associated with small-sided games (SSGs) 4vs4 with goal. Sixteen players (17.1 ± 0.8 years, 173.9 ± 4.5 cm height, 65.4 ± 5.4 kg body mass and 54.6 ± 2.8 ml/kg/min VO2max) participated in SSGs 4vs4 with and without insider floater, under an invasion format and another one of goals scored. HR, RPE and technical demand of the SSGs were registered. The results found no significant differences (p < 0.05) in the HR response caused by the presence of the floater. In the invasion format, a large effect size (ES) was obtained in the FC permanence time at values below 80 % HRmax in the floater task (4vs4+C) with respect to 4vs4. In SSGs of cross line, the TE demonstrated large values in 4vs4-L vs 4vs4+C (ES = 1.4). The technical demand was influenced by the presence of the floater, with a greater number of control, conduction and pass actions, as well as collective success of the cross line task. The different responses associated with the presence of the insider floater compel trainers to take into account the objective of the task and the handling of numerical superiorities to modulate the load associated with the training.

The Effects of an Intensive 2-wk Resistance Training Period on Strength Performance and Nocturnal Heart Rate Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1448-1454
Author(s):  
Piia Kaikkonen ◽  
Esa Hynynen ◽  
Arto Hautala ◽  
Juha P. Ahtiainen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Leg Press

Purpose: It is known that modifying the endurance-type training load of athletes may result in altered cardiac autonomic modulation that may be estimated with heart rate variability (HRV). However, the specific effects of intensive resistance-type training remain unclear. The main aim of this study was to find out whether an intensive 2-wk resistance training period affects the nocturnal HRV and strength performance of healthy participants. Methods: Young healthy men (N = 13, age 24 [2] y) performed 2-wk baseline training, 2-wk intensive training, and a 9-d tapering periods, with 2, 5, and 2 hypertrophic whole-body resistance exercise sessions per week, respectively. Maximal isometric and dynamic strength were tested at the end of these training periods. Nocturnal HRV was also analyzed at the end of these training periods. Results: As a main finding, the nocturnal root mean square of differences of successive R-R intervals decreased (P = .004; from 49 [18] to 43 [15] ms; 95% CI, 2.4–10.4; effect size = 0.97) during the 2-wk intensive resistance training period. In addition, maximal isometric strength improved slightly (P = .045; from 3933 [1362] to 4138 [1540] N; 95% CI, 5.4–404; effect size = 0.60). No changes were found in 1-repetition-maximum leg press or leg press repetitions at 80% 1-repetition maximum. Conclusions: The present data suggest that increased training load due to a short-term intensive resistance training period can be detected by nocturnal HRV. However, despite short-term accumulated physiological stress, a tendency of improvement in strength performance was detected.

scholarly journals Effects of simulated highway noise on heart rates of larval monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus : implications for roadside habitat suitability

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Davis ◽  
Hayley Schroeder ◽  
Ian Yeager ◽  
Jana Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Highway Noise ◽  
Non Destructive

Developed countries around the world are criss-crossed with vast networks of roadways. Conservationists have recently focused attention on roadsides as possible locations for establishing pollinator habitat, with the monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus ) featuring prominently in such discussions. However, roadsides are inherently loud, which could negatively affect developing larvae. We conducted a series of experiments testing if simulated highway noise stresses monarch larvae, which we gauged by non-destructive monitoring of heart rates. In two replicated experiments, larvae exposed for 2 h experienced a significant increase in heart rate (16 and 17% elevation), indicating they perceive traffic noise as a stressor. Meanwhile, experiments exposing larvae for either 7 or 12 days to continuous traffic noise both showed no heart rate elevation at the end of larval development, suggesting chronic noise exposure leads to habituation or desensitization. Habituation to stress as larvae may impair reactions to real-world stressors as adults, which could be problematic for a butterfly that undertakes an annual two-month migration that is fraught with dangers. More generally, these results could have far-reaching implications for the billions of insects worldwide that develop near roadways, and argue that further study is needed before promoting roadside habitat for butterfly conservation.

scholarly journals An effect size distribution analysis of heart rate variability studies: Recommendations for reporting the magnitude of group differences

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Body ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Effect Size Distribution

AbstractThe calculation of heart rate variability (HRV) is a popular tool used to investigate differences in cardiac autonomic control between population samples. When interpreting effect sizes to quantify the magnitude of group differences, researchers typically use Cohen's guidelines of small (0.2), medium (0.5), and large (0.8) effects. However, these guidelines were only proposed for use when the effect size distribution (ESD) was unknown. Despite the availability of effect sizes from hundreds of HRV studies, researchers still largely rely on Cohen's guidelines to interpret effect sizes. This article describes an ESD analysis of 297 HRV effect sizes from case-control studies, revealing that the 25th, 50th, and 75th effect size percentiles correspond with effect sizes of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.84, respectively. The ESD for separate clinical groups are also presented. The data suggests that Cohen's guidelines underestimate the magnitude of small and large effect sizes for the body of HRV case-control research. Therefore, to better reflect observed HRV effect sizes, the data suggest that effect sizes of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.85 should be interpreted as small, medium, and large effects. Researchers are encouraged to use the ESD dataset or their own collected datasets in tandem with the provided analysis script to perform bespoke ESD analyses relevant to their specific research area.

scholarly journals Between-subject correlation of heart rate variability predicts movie preferences

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247625
Author(s):  
Tsz Yan So ◽  
Man Yi Erica Li ◽  
Hakwan Lau
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Tv Commercials ◽  
Synchrony Measure ◽  
Better Than

We introduce a novel and simple method for assessing audiences’ emotional responses to audiovisuals (e.g. films). Viewers (N = 21) watched movies and TV commercials from different genres while wearing photoplethysmography (PPG) optic sensors on their wrists. Heart rate variability (HRV) synchrony was observed among the audience. Based on this between-subject synchrony measure, we identified emotionally arousing segments from the materials. New participants (N = 24; N = 16) were then invited to watch these identified segments along with some randomly selected segments as control; they reported that the former was more engaging (effect size w = .67; w = .5). This finding was confirmed in an online study with a larger cohort (N = 300). While some specific effects varied depending on movie genre or gender, HRV-based editing generally performed better than the control. These findings suggest that HRV synchrony can be used as a new tool for audience psychology, and potentially also for automatically creating short trailers out of movies in a principled manner while taking into account the human perspective.

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