Chromium(VI) Toxicity in Legume Plants: Modulation Effects of Rhizobial Symbiosis

Most legume species have the ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with soil nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria that promote plant growth and productivity. There is an increasing evidence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) important role in formation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis and nodule functioning. Environmental pollutants such as chromium compounds can cause damage to rhizobia, legumes, and their symbiosis. In plants, toxic effects of chromium(VI) compounds are associated with the increased production of ROS and oxidative stress development as well as with inhibition of pigment synthesis and modification of virtually all cellular components. These metabolic changes result in inhibition of seed germination and seedling development as well as reduction of plant biomass and crop yield. However, if plants establish symbiosis with rhizobia, heavy metals are accumulated preferentially in nodules decreasing the toxicity of metals to the host plant. This review summarizes data on toxic effects of chromium on legume plants and legume-rhizobium symbiosis. In addition, we discussed the role of oxidative stress in both chromium toxicity and formation of rhizobial symbiosis and use of nodule bacteria for minimizing toxic effects of chromium on plants.

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Oxidative Stress Is Involved In The Activation of NF-κB Signal Pathway And Immune Inflammatory Response In Grass Carp Gill Induced By Cypermethrin And/Or Sulfamethoxazole Exposure

10.21203/rs.3.rs-634863/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Baoying Li ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Hongjing Zhao ◽

Kai Yin ◽

Yachen Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Grass Carp ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Signal Pathway ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Stress Index ◽

Separate Analysis ◽

Fish Gills

Abstract At present, the concentration of environmental pollutants, such as pesticides and antibiotics exposed in environment, especially in aquatic environment is increasing. These contaminants are exposed through aquatic environment to fish and ultimately accumulate in humans. Research on environmental pollutants has exploded in the past two years. However, there are still few studies on the combined effects of pesticides and antibiotics on fish, especially on fish gills. A separate analysis of the toxic effects caused by an environmental pollutant cannot fully show the real situation. In this paper, cypermethrin (CMN) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) were analyzed and found that there was a strong correlation between the pathways affected by the first 30 genes regulated by CMN and SMZ respectively. Therefore, the toxic effects of CMN (0.651 μg/L) and/or SMZ (0.3 μg/L) on grass carp gill were studied in this paper. Histopathology, quantitative real-time PCR and other methods were used to detect the tissue morphology, oxidative stress level, inflammation and apoptosis-related indicators of the fish gills after exposure 42 days. It was found that compared with the single exposure (SMZ/CMN) group, the combined exposure (MIX) group had a more pronounced oxidative stress index imbalance. At the same time, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal pathway was activated and immuno-inflammatory reaction appeared in MIX group. This study reveals the harm of CMN and SMZ to fish, and provides a reference and basis for the rational use of pesticides and antibiotics.

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Oxidative Stress and Chromium(VI) Carcinogenesis

Journal of Environmental Pathology Toxicology and Oncology ◽

10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.v27.i2.10 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 77-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Hua Yao ◽

Lan Guo ◽

Bing-Hua Jiang ◽

Jia Luo ◽

Xianglin Shi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chromium Vi

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Toxic effects on bioaccumulation, hematological parameters, oxidative stress, immune responses and neurotoxicity in fish exposed to microplastics: A review

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125423 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 413 ◽

pp. 125423

Author(s):

Jun-Hwan Kim ◽

Young-Bin Yu ◽

Jae-Ho Choi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Toxic Effects

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Paraoxonase activity, oxidative stress and toxic effects of diazinon in rats

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.752 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 205 ◽

pp. S219

Author(s):

S.Z. Borozan ◽

S. Ivanovic ◽

M. Micic ◽

B. Dimitrijevic ◽

M. Zicari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Paraoxonase Activity

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Toxic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the rat kidney: Involvement of oxidative stress and protective role of ascorbic acid

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.211 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 196 ◽

pp. S53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Fetoui ◽

N. Zeghal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Protective Role ◽

Synthetic Pyrethroid ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Pyrethroid Pesticide ◽

Kidney Involvement

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Evaluation of deoxynivalenol-induced toxic effects on DF-1 cells in vitro: Cell-cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.etap.2013.11.015 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 141-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Daotong Li ◽

Yaqiong Ye ◽

Shaoqing Lin ◽

Li Deng ◽

Xiaolong Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Cell Cycle Arrest ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Cycle Arrest

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Inoculation with Efficient Nitrogen Fixing and Indoleacetic Acid Producing Bacterial Microsymbiont Enhance Tolerance of the Model LegumeMedicago truncatulato Iron Deficiency

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/9134716 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nadia Kallala ◽

Wissal M’sehli ◽

Karima Jelali ◽

Zribi Kais ◽

Haythem Mhadhbi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

High Growth ◽

Fe Deficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fixing ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Negative Effect

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of symbiotic bacteria inoculation on the response ofMedicago truncatulagenotypes to iron deficiency. The present work was conducted on threeMedicago truncatulagenotypes: A17, TN8.20, and TN1.11. Three treatments were performed: control (C), direct Fe deficiency (DD), and induced Fe deficiency by bicarbonate (ID). Plants were nitrogen-fertilized (T) or inoculated with two bacterial strains:Sinorhizobium melilotiTII7 andSinorhizobium medicaeSII4. Biometric, physiological, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Iron deficiency had a significant lowering effect on plant biomass and chlorophyll content in allMedicago truncatulagenotypes. TN1.11 showed the highest lipid peroxidation and leakage of electrolyte under iron deficiency conditions, which suggest that TN1.11 was more affected than A17 and TN8.20 by Fe starvation. Iron deficiency affected symbiotic performance indices of allMedicago truncatulagenotypes inoculated with bothSinorhizobiumstrains, mainly nodules number and biomass as well as nitrogen-fixing capacity. Nevertheless, inoculation withSinorhizobiumstrains mitigates the negative effect of Fe deficiency on plant growth and oxidative stress compared to nitrogen-fertilized plants. The highest auxin producing strain, TII7, preserves relatively high growth and root biomass and length when inoculated to TN8.20 and A17. On the other hand, both TII7 and SII4 strains improve the performance of sensitive genotype TN1.11 through reduction of the negative effect of iron deficiency on chlorophyll and plant Fe content. The bacterial inoculation improved Fe-deficient plant response to oxidative stress via the induction of the activities of antioxidant enzymes.

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Perfluorononanoic acid impedes mouse oocyte maturation by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress

10.1101/2021.07.06.451300 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaofei Jiao ◽

Ning Liu ◽

Yiding Xu ◽

Huanyu Qiao

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Oocyte Maturation ◽

Early Stage ◽

Spindle Assembly ◽

Mouse Oocyte ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽

Maturation In Vitro

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), a member of PFAS, is frequently detected in human blood and tissues, even in follicular fluid of women. The exposure of PFNA, but not PFOA and PFOS, is positively correlated with miscarriage and increased time to pregnancy. Toxicological studies indicated that PFNA exposure is associated with immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and reproductive toxicity in animals. However, there is little information regarding the toxic effects of PFNA on oocyte maturation. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of PFNA exposure on mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. Our results showed that 600 μM PFNA significantly inhibited germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body extrusion (PBE) in mouse oocytes. Our further study revealed that PFNA induced abnormal metaphase I (MI) spindle assembly, evidenced by malformed spindles and mislocalization of p-ERK1/2 in PFNA-treated oocytes. We also found that PFNA induced abnormal mitochondrial distribution and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Consequently, PFNA increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and eventually early-stage apoptosis in oocytes. In addition, after 14 h culture, PFNA disrupted the formation of metaphase II (MII) spindle in most PFNA-treated oocytes with polar bodies. Collectively, our results indicate that PFNA interferes with oocyte maturation in vitro via disrupting spindle assembly, damaging mitochondrial functions, and inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and early-stage apoptosis.

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