scholarly journals Angiopoietin-1 Promotes the Integrity of Neovascularization in the Subcutaneous Matrigel of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
ShaoBin LI ◽  
HeQin Zou ◽  
MinMin Gong ◽  
YuQin Chen ◽  
XiaoYong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Junction Protein

Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ang-1 on neovascularization of diabetic organs by subcutaneous Matrigel angiogenesis model, established in type 1 diabetic rats. Methods. Ang-1 adenoviral vector was constructed. The rat model was established by STZ and divided into four group. The Matrigel was inserted subcutaneously into the abdominal cavity of rats at 8 weeks, the treatment group was injected with Ang-1 adenovirus vector via tail vein, and the rats were sacrificed at 10 weeks. Neovascularization of Matrigel was observed with transmission electron microscopy. The marker of vascular endothelial cell and pericyte were detected by immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemical detection of the neovascular endothelial junction protein was performed. RT-PCR was used to determine protein expression of neovascular in Matrigel. Results. Vascular cavity-like structure could be seen in subcutaneous Matrigel of diabetic rats, and the cavity was filled with a lot of red blood cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed that neovascular endothelial structure of the Matrigel was incomplete, while the Ang-1 treatment group had more vascular cavity-like structures, intact vascular endothelial structure, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in Matrigel. Additionally, the integrity of vascularization improved, and the marker of pericyte and the cell tight junctions protein was upregulated in Ang-1 treatment group. Conclusion. Hyperglycemia could induce pathological angiogenesis in subcutaneous Matrigel of diabetic rats, and Ang-1 could upregulate the expression of intercellular junction protein in subcutaneous Matrigel of diabetic rats and promote the integrity of neovascularization in the subcutaneous Matrigel of diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Thickening of T1 Precipitates during Aging of a High Purity Al–4Cu–1Li–0.25Mn Alloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Häusler ◽  
Reza Kamachali ◽  
Walid Hetaba ◽  
Birgit Skrotzki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Purity ◽  
External Load ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Defect Type ◽  
Transmission Electron

The age hardening response of a high-purity Al–4Cu–1Li–0.25Mn alloy (wt. %) during isothermal aging without and with an applied external load was investigated. Plate shaped nanometer size T1 (Al2CuLi) and θ′ (Al2Cu) hardening phases were formed. The precipitates were analyzed with respect to the development of their structure, size, number density, volume fraction and associated transformation strains by conducting transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) studies in combination with geometrical phase analysis (GPA). Special attention was paid to the thickening of T1 phase. Two elementary types of single-layer T1 precipitate, one with a Li-rich (Type 1) and another with an Al-rich (Defect Type 1) central layer, were identified. The results show that the Defect Type 1 structure can act as a precursor for the Type 1 structure. The thickening of T1 precipitates occurs by alternative stacking of these two elementary structures. The thickening mechanism was analyzed based on the magnitude of strain associated with the precipitation transformation normal to its habit plane. Long-term aging and aging under load resulted in thicker and structurally defected T1 precipitates. Several types of defected precipitates were characterized and discussed. For θ′ precipitates, a ledge mechanism of thickening was observed. Compared to the normal aging, an external load applied to the peak aged state leads to small variations in the average sizes and volume fractions of the precipitates.

The Preventive Effect of IL-1beta Antagonist on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Hangping ◽  
Han Ling ◽  
Ji Lijin ◽  
Zhao Wenting ◽  
Liu Xiaoxia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using animal models. Materials: The rat model of diabetic neuropathy was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 65mg/kg. Diabetic rats were randomly divided into two groups (10 each), one treated with 0.9% saline (DMS group) and the other with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) at 50mg/kg (DMI group) twice a day for 5 weeks. Ten normal rats matched for weight, age and sex served as normal controls (Con group) and were treated with saline. Morphologic studies of sciatic nerves were achieved using light and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Transmission electron microscopy of the sciatic nerve showed the ultrastructure of myelin and the axon in the IL-1RA group was highly protected compared to diabetic controls. Conclusions: High levels of circulating IL-1beta may be associated with the risk of DPN and anti-IL-1 treatment may provide a potential strategy for the prevention of diabetic neuropathy.

Transmission electron microscopy and autofluorescence findings in the cornea of diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iclal Yücel ◽  
Gültekin Yücel ◽  
Yusuf Akar ◽  
Necdet Demir ◽  
Nilgün Gürbüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Transmission Electron

scholarly journals Effects of miltefosine treatment in fibroblast cell cultures and in mice experimentally infected withNeospora caninumtachyzoites

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 934-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARIM DEBACHE ◽  
ANDREW HEMPHILL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Human Foreskin Fibroblasts ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Infected Cells

SUMMARYMiltefosine was investigated for its activity againstNeospora caninumtachyzoitesin vitro,and was shown to inhibit the proliferation ofN. caninumtachyzoites cultured in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) with an IC50of 5·2μM. Treatment of infected cells with 25μM miltefosine for a period of 10 h had only a parasitostatic effect, while after 20 h of treatment parasiticidal effects were observed. This was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy ofN. caninum-infected and miltefosine-treated HFF. Administration of miltefosine toN. caninum-infected Balb/c female mice at 40 mg/kg/day for 14 days resulted in 6 out of 10 mice exhibiting weight loss, ruffled coat and apathy between days 7 and 13 post-infection. In the group that received placebo, only 2 out of 8 mice succumbed to infection, but the cerebral burden was significantly higher compared to the miltefosine treatment group. In a second experiment, the time-span of treatment was reduced to 5 days, and mice were maintained without further treatment for 4 weeks. Only 2 out of 9 mice in the miltefosine treatment group exhibited signs of disease, while 8 out of 10 mice succumbed to infection in the placebo group. These results showed that miltefosine hampered the dissemination of parasites into the CNS during experimentalN. caninuminfection in mice.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit the VEGF-A expression in human retinal vascular endothelial cells induced by high glucose

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1820-1827
Author(s):  
Guang-Hui He ◽  
◽  
Meng Dong ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Yu-Chuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

AIM: To determine the effect of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRECs). METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from hUCMSCs using cryogenic ultracentrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting and nanoparticle tracking analysis. HRECs were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A), a high glucose model group (group B), a high glucose group with 25 μg/mL (group C), 50 μg/mL (group D), and 100 μg/mL exosomes (group E). Twenty-four hours after coculture, the cell proliferation rate was detected using flow cytometry, and the VEGF-A level was detected using immunofluorescence. After coculture 8, 16, and 24h, the expression levels of VEGF-A in each group were detected using PCR and Western blots. RESULTS: The characteristic morphology (membrane structured vesicles) and size (diameter between 50 and 200 nm) were observed under transmission electron microscopy. The average diameter of 122.7 nm was discovered by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The exosomal markers CD9, CD63, and HSP70 were strongly detected. The proliferation rate of the cells in group B increased after 24h of coculture. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed that the upregulation of VEGF-A expression in HRECs stimulated by high glucose could be downregulated by cocultured hUCMSC-derived exosomes (F=39.03, P<0.01). The upregulation of VEGF-A protein (group C: F=7.96; group D: F=17.29; group E: F=11.89; 8h: F=9.45; 16h: F=12.86; 24h: F=42.28, P<0.05) and mRNA (group C: F=4.137; group D: F=13.64; group E: F=22.19; 8h: F=7.253; 16h: F=16.98; 24h: F=22.62, P<0.05) in HRECs stimulated by high glucose was downregulated by cocultured hUCMSC-derived exosomes (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: hUCMSC-derived exosomes downregulate VEGF-A expression in HRECs stimulated by high glucose in time and concentration dependent manner.

scholarly journals Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve in Chronic Diabetic Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Carvalho de Vasconcelos ◽  
Valéria Paula Sassoli Fazan ◽  
Kenneth Charles Moore ◽  
Randy Alan Nessler ◽  
Marcelo Moraes Valença
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Vestibulocochlear Nerve ◽  
Transmission Electron

Ultrastructure of antennal sensilla of female Ceratosolen solmsi marchali (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Agaonidae: Agaoninae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongbo Li ◽  
Pei Yang ◽  
Yanqiong Peng ◽  
Darong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Basiconic Sensilla ◽  
Sensilla Trichodea ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractFig-pollinating wasps are phytophagous wasps that mainly use olfaction to locate their fig (Ficus L., Moraceae) hosts. To provide a morphological framework for studying agaonid olfaction, we examined the antennal sensilla of female Ceratosolen solmsi marchali Mayr by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We identified and characterized (ultrastructure, distribution, abundance, and position) 13 types of sensilla: multiporous placoid sensilla (types 1 and 2), basiconic sensilla (types 1 and 2), basiconic capitate peg sensilla, sensilla chaetica (types 1–3), sensilla trichodea, sensilla coeloconica (types 1–3), and one specialized sensillum regarded as a sensillum obscurum. We suggest that five types are chemoreceptors because they are porous and innervated by multiple sensory neurons. Sensilla coeloconica type 1 may also function as chemoreceptors, based on external morphology. Other sensilla may be involved in mechanoreception, thermo- and (or) hygro-reception, or pressure detection. We discuss our results in relation to the lifestyle of C. solmsi marchali.

Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscopy of Fiber-Matrix Interfaces in Aluminum Alloy-Boron Composites by Ion Erosio

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
G. G. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fiber Matrix ◽  
Ion Erosion ◽  
Row Of Fibers

The morphology and composition of the fiber-matrix interface can best be studied by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. For some composites satisfactory samples can be prepared by electropolishing. For others such as aluminum alloy-boron composites ion erosion is necessary.When one wishes to examine a specimen with the electron beam perpendicular to the fiber, preparation is as follows: A 1/8 in. disk is cut from the sample with a cylindrical tool by spark machining. Thin slices, 5 mils thick, containing one row of fibers, are then, spark-machined from the disk. After spark machining, the slice is carefully polished with diamond paste until the row of fibers is exposed on each side, as shown in Figure 1.In the case where examination is desired with the electron beam parallel to the fiber, preparation is as follows: Experimental composites are usually 50 mils or less in thickness so an auxiliary holder is necessary during ion milling and for easy transfer to the electron microscope. This holder is pure aluminum sheet, 3 mils thick.

Direct Observation of Heat Exchanger Deposits by Cross Sectioning

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
R. W. Anderson ◽  
D. L. Senecal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Deposit Layer

A problem was presented to observe the packing densities of deposits of sub-micron corrosion product particles. The deposits were 5-100 mils thick and had formed on the inside surfaces of 3/8 inch diameter Zircaloy-2 heat exchanger tubes. The particles were iron oxides deposited from flowing water and consequently were only weakly bonded. Particular care was required during handling to preserve the original formations of the deposits. The specimen preparation method described below allowed direct observation of cross sections of the deposit layers by transmission electron microscopy.The specimens were short sections of the tubes (about 3 inches long) that were carefully cut from the systems. The insides of the tube sections were first coated with a thin layer of a fluid epoxy resin by dipping. This coating served to impregnate the deposit layer as well as to protect the layer if subsequent handling were required.

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