scholarly journals Inhaling Hydrogen Ameliorates Early Postresuscitation EEG Characteristics in an Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jingru Li ◽  
Jianjie Wang ◽  
Bihua Chen ◽  
Yongqin Li
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
Permutation Entropy ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ctrl Group ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Prognostic Accuracy

Background. Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used to assess the neurological prognosis of comatose patients after cardiac arrest (CA). However, the early prognostic accuracy of EEG may be affected by postresuscitation interventions. Recent animal studies found that hydrogen inhalation after CA greatly improved neurological outcomes by selectively neutralizing highly reactive oxidants, but the effect of hydrogen inhalation on EEG recovery and its prognostication value are still unclear. The present study investigated the effects of hydrogen inhalation on early postresuscitation EEG characteristics in an asphyxial CA rat model. Methods. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated after 5 min of untreated CA in 40 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were randomized for ventilation with 98% oxygen plus 2% hydrogen (H2) or 98% oxygen plus 2% nitrogen (Ctrl) under normothermia for 1 h. EEG characteristics were continuously recorded for 4 h, and the relationships between quantitative EEG characteristics and 96 h neurological outcomes were investigated. Results. No differences in baseline and resuscitation data were observed between groups, but the survival rate was significantly higher in the H2 group than in the Ctrl group (90% vs. 40%, P<0.01). Compared to the Ctrl group, the H2 group showed a shorter burst onset time (21.85 [20.00–23.38] vs. 25.70 [22.48–30.05], P<0.01) and time to normal trace (169.83 [161.63–208.55] vs. 208.39 [186.29–248.80], P<0.01). Additionally, the burst suppression ratio (0.66 ± 0.09 vs. 0.52 ± 0.17, P<0.01) and weighted‐permutation entropy (0.47 ± 0.16 vs. 0.34 ± 0.13, P<0.01) were markedly higher in the H2 group. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the 4 EEG characteristics in predicting survival were 0.82, 0.84, 0.88, and 0.83, respectively. Conclusions. In this asphyxial CA rat model, the improved postresuscitation EEG characteristics for animals treated with hydrogen are correlated with the better 96 h neurological outcome and predicted survival.

scholarly journals Improving neurological outcomes post-cardiac arrest in a rat model: Immediate hypothermia and quantitative EEG monitoring

Resuscitation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Jia ◽  
Matthew A. Koenig ◽  
Hyun-Chool Shin ◽  
Gehua Zhen ◽  
Carlos A. Pardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Quantitative Eeg ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

Abstract 174: Effects of Melatonin (N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamine) on Inflammation and Cerebral Microcirculation After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juntao Hu ◽  
Guanghui Zheng ◽  
Fenglian He ◽  
Weiwei Ge ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Cerebral Microcirculation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tnf Α

Introduction: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury produces inflammation and cerebral microcirculatory dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of melatonin on inflammation and cerebral microcirculation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Hypothesis: Melatonin decreases the systemic inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and will preserve cerebral microcirculation in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Method: Eighteen male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 450-550 g were randomized into three groups: 1) sham: no ventricular fibrillation (VF) and CPR; 2) CPR control: untreated VF for 6 min followed by 8 min CPR; 3) CPR+melatonin: untreated VF for 6 min followed by 8 min CPR. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneal (IP) in line with hypoxia-ischemia animal studies after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Serum TNF- α, IL-1 β and cerebral microcirculation were measured at baseline and 6 h following ROSC. Result: Serum TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly lower in the CPR+melatonin group at 6h after ROSC compared to CPR controls ( p <0.01, Fig. 1). Animals treated with melatonin had improved cerebral microcirculation including perfused vessel density (PVD), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) and microvascular flow index (MFI) compared to control animals ( p <0.05, Fig. 2). Conclusion: In a rat model of cardiac arrest, melatonin reduced systemic inflammation and preserved cerebral microcirculation following resuscitation.

scholarly journals Improved Early Postresuscitation EEG Activity for Animals Treated with Hypothermia Predicted 96 hr Neurological Outcome and Survival in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bihua Chen ◽  
Feng-Qing Song ◽  
Lei-Lei Sun ◽  
Ling-Yan Lei ◽  
Wei-Ni Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Cardiac Pacing ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Burst Frequency ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Favorable Neurological Outcome ◽  
Hypothermic Group

Purpose.To investigate the effect of hypothermia on 96 hr neurological outcome and survival by quantitatively characterizing early postresuscitation EEG in a rat model of cardiac arrest.Materials and Methods.In twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats, cardiac arrest was induced through high frequency transesophageal cardiac pacing. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated after 5 mins untreated arrest. Immediately after resuscitation, animals were randomized to either 2 hrs of hypothermia (N=10) or normothermia (N=10). EEG, ECG, aortic pressure, and core temperature were continuously recorded for 6 hrs. Neurological outcome was evaluated daily during the 96 hrs postresuscitation period.Results.No differences in the baseline measurements and resuscitation outcome were observed between groups. However, 96 hr neurological deficit score (204 ± 255 versus 500 ± 0,P=0.005) and survival (6/10 versus 0/10,P=0.011) were significantly better in the hypothermic group. Quantitative analysis of early postresuscitation EEG revealed that burst frequency and spectrum entropy were greatly improved in the hypothermic group and correlated with 96 hr neurological outcome and survival.Conclusion.The improved burst frequency during burst suppression period and preserved spectrum entropy after restoration of continuous background EEG activity for animals treated with hypothermia predicted favorable neurological outcome and survival in this rat model of cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Melatonin improves neurological outcomes and preserves hippocampal mitochondrial function in a rat model of cardiac arrest

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linghui Yang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
Cansheng Gong ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

Abstract 148: Zoniporide Combined with α-Methylnorepinephrine Appears Highly Effective for Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest in a Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorissa Lamoureux ◽  
Herbert K Whitehouse ◽  
Jeejabai Radhakrishnan ◽  
Raúl J Gazmuri
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Electrical Shocks ◽  
Novel Strategy

Background: We have reported in rat and swine models of cardiac arrest that sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE-1) inhibition facilitates resuscitation, ameliorates myocardial dysfunction, and improves survival. Others have reported that α-methylnorepinephrine (α-MNE) - a selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist - is superior to epinephrine given its lack of β-agonist effects. We examined in a rat model of VF and closed-chest resuscitation the effects of combining the NHE-1 inhibitor zoniporide (ZNP) with α-MNE. Methods: VF was electrically induced in 32 male retired breeder Sprague-Dawley rats and left untreated for 8 minutes after which resuscitation was attempted by an 8 minute interval of chest compression and delivery of electrical shocks. Rats were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive a 3 mg/kg bolus of ZNP or 0.9% NaCl before starting chest compression and a 100 μg/kg bolus of α-MNE or its vehicle at minute 2 of chest-compressions establishing 4 groups of 8 rats each. Successfully resuscitated rats were monitored for 240 minutes. Results: The number of rats that had return of spontaneous circulation and then survived 240 min were: α-MNE(-)/ZNP(-) 4 and 2; α-MNE(-)/ZNP(+) 5 and 5; α-MNE(+)/ZNP(-) 2 and 1; and α-MNE(+)/ZNP(+) 7 and 7 yielding a statistically significant effect on overall survival times corresponding to 105 ± 114, 150 ± 124, 58 ± 108, and 210 ± 85 min, respectively (p < 0.045). Post-resuscitation lactate levels were attenuated in all treatment groups with the greatest effect by the α-MNE(+)/ZNP(+) combination without major differences in hemodynamic function (Table). Conclusion: We confirm a beneficial effect resulting from the combination of ZNP (given to attenuate myocardial reperfusion injury) and α-MNE (given to augment peripheral vascular resistance during chest compression without the detrimental actions of epinephrine). The proposed combination may prove to be a highly effective novel strategy for resuscitation from cardiac arrest.

Abstract 173: The Neuroprotective Effect Of JZL184 is Comparable With Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Guanghui Zheng ◽  
Juntao Hu ◽  
Weiwei Ge ◽  
Jennifer Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cerebral Microcirculation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Introduction: JZL184 is a synthetic monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor that reduces brain edema, infarct size and alleviates inflammation following cerebral ischemia in experimental studies. In this study, we compared its cerebral protective effects with therapeutic hypothermia following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a rat model. Hypothesis: JZL184 will have similar neuroprotective effects to therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest (CA) by reducing brain and blood brain barrier (BBB) injury and preserving cerebral microcirculation following CPR. Methods: Thirty six male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 450-550 g were randomized: 1) control 2) hypothermia 3) JZL184. Ventricular fibrillation was induced and untreated for 6 min for all rats. Resuscitation was attempted with a 4 Joule defibrillation after 8 min of CPR. Immediately following resuscitation, either hypothermia (33+0.5 o C) or JZL184 (16 mg/k, IP) was administered. Cerebral microcirculation, S-100β, NSE and Evan’s Blue (EB) concentrations were analyzed at 6hrs after resuscitation. Results: NSE and S-100β levels were higher in control compared to hypothermia and JZL18 at 6hr post ROSC (p < 0.001) (Fig. 1). Compared with control, there was a significant decrease in brain permeability to EB in Hypothermia and JZL184 after 6hr post ROSC (p<0.001) (Fig. 2). Microvascular flow index (MFI) was reduced in control compared with hypothermia and JZL184 6hr post ROSC (p <0.01). Conclusions: JZL184 administered following resuscitation reduced brain and BBB injury and preserved cerebral microcirculation at 6 hr post arrest to the same extent as hypothermia in a rat model of cardiac arrest.

Abstract 10773: Curcumin Improves the Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengfei Yang ◽  
Jiangang Wang ◽  
Lu Yin ◽  
Shen Zhao ◽  
Ziren Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Pre Treatment

Introduction: Curcumin has been proven to provide potent protection of vital organs against regional ischemia reperfusion injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on the outcomes of CPR in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Hypothesis: Curcumin reduces the severity of post-CPR myocardial dysfunction and prolong the duration of survival. Method: Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 450-550g were randomized into two groups: 1) Placebo; 2) Curcumin (100 mg/kg) pre-treatment. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced. After 8 mins of VF, CPR was initiated for 8 mins and defibrillation was then attempted. Myocardial function was measured by echocardiography at baseline and hourly for 4 hours following successful resuscitation. The duration of survival was observed for total 72 hours. Result: Six animals in the placebo group and seven in the curcumin group were successfully resuscitated. Post-resuscitation myocardial function was significantly impaired in all animals. However, myocardial function gradually improved 4 hours after resuscitation and was significantly better in the animals pre-treated with curcumin (Figure). Significantly shorter duration of survival of 40±29 hours was observed in the placebo group. Conclusion: In a rat model of cardiac arrest, curcuminim proves post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction and prolongs the duration of survival.

scholarly journals Plasma metabolomics supports the use of long-duration cardiac arrest rodent model to study human disease by demonstrating similar metabolic alterations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoaib ◽  
Rishabh C. Choudhary ◽  
Jaewoo Choi ◽  
Nancy Kim ◽  
Kei Hayashida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Long Duration

AbstractCardiac arrest (CA) is a leading cause of death and there is a necessity for animal models that accurately represent human injury severity. We evaluated a rat model of severe CA injury by comparing plasma metabolic alterations to human patients. Plasma was obtained from adult human control and CA patients post-resuscitation, and from male Sprague–Dawley rats at baseline and after 20 min CA followed by 30 min cardiopulmonary bypass resuscitation. An untargeted metabolomics evaluation using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS was performed for plasma metabolome comparison. Here we show the metabolic commonality between humans and our severe injury rat model, highlighting significant metabolic dysfunction as seen by similar alterations in (1) TCA cycle metabolites, (2) tryptophan and kynurenic acid metabolites, and (3) acylcarnitine, fatty acid, and phospholipid metabolites. With substantial interspecies metabolic similarity in post-resuscitation plasma, our long duration CA rat model metabolically replicates human disease and is a suitable model for translational CA research.

scholarly journals The effect of high-dose intramuscular epinephrine on the recovery of spontaneous circulation in an asphyxia‐induced cardiac arrest rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daesung Lim ◽  
Soo Hoon Lee ◽  
Dong Hoon Kim ◽  
Changwoo Kang ◽  
Jin Hee Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Epinephrine Administration ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Induced Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Background Obtaining vascular access can be challenging during resuscitation following cardiac arrest, and it is particularly difficult and time-consuming in paediatric patients. We aimed to compare the efficacy of high-dose intramuscular (IM) versus intravascular (IV) epinephrine administration with regard to the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in an asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest rat model. Methods Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for these experiments. Cardiac arrest was induced by asphyxia, and defined as a decline in mean arterial pressure (MAP) to 20 mmHg. After asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest, the rats were randomly allocated into one of 3 groups (control saline group, IV epinephrine group, and IM epinephrine group). After 540 s of cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed, and IV saline (0.01 cc/kg), IV (0.01 mg/kg, 1:100,000) epinephrine or IM (0.05 mg/kg, 1:100,000) epinephrine was administered. ROSC was defined as the achievement of an MAP above 40 mmHg for more than 1 minute. Rates of ROSC, haemodynamics, and arterial blood gas analysis were serially observed. Results The ROSC rate (61.5%) of the IM epinephrine group was less than that in the IV epinephrine group (100%) but was higher than that of the control saline group (15.4%) (log-rank test). There were no differences in MAP between the two groups, but HR in the IM epinephrine group (beta coefficient = 1.02) decreased to a lesser extent than that in the IV epinephrine group with time. Conclusions IM epinephrine induced better ROSC rates compared to the control saline group in asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest, but not compared to IV epinephrine. The IM route of epinephrine administration may be a promising option in an asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest.

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