scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Extracts from Pomelo Peel By-Products under Enzyme and Ultrasound-Assisted Extractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Van Hung ◽  
Nguyen Hai Yen Nhi ◽  
Ling Yu Ting ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lan Phi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
By Products ◽  
Enzyme Assisted Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) were popular methods used to extract bioactive compounds from citrus peels, by-products of fruit processing industry. In this study, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), naringin and hesperidin contents, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts from pomelo peels using the combined enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extraction (E-UAE) or ultrasound and enzyme-assisted extraction (U-EAE) technique were investigated and compared with those extracted using the EAE and UAE. The optimal EAE conditions were as follows: enzyme concentration of 2%, water-solid ratio of 40 ml/g, incubation temperature of 50°C, and extraction time of 60 min, whereas the optimal UAE conditions were ultrasonic energy of 40 kHz, water-solid ratio of 40 ml/g at room temperature, and extraction time of 60 min. The results indicate that the total phenolics, total flavonoids, naringin, and hesperidin contents of the extracts significantly increased in the following order of the extraction techniques: UAE < EAE < U-EAE < E-UAE (p<0.05). The combined E-UAE technique was the most effective technique for bioactive compound extraction with the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The results also indicate that chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were different depending on the pomelo species.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Antioxidant Polyphenols from the Seed Coats of Red Sword Bean (Canavalia gladiate (Jacq.) DC.)

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Yu Xu ◽  
Ren-You Gan ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Seed Coats

The seed coat of red sword bean (Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC.) is rich in antioxidant polyphenols. It is often discarded as a byproduct with the consumption of red sword bean, since it is very thick and not consumed by people. The aim of this study was to develop an ultrasound-assisted extraction method to extract natural antioxidants from the seed coats. The extraction process was optimized by using response surface methodology. After the single-factor experiments, three key factors, including ethanol concentration, liquid/solid ratio, and extraction time, were selected and their interactions were studied using a central composite design. The optimal extraction condition was 60.2% hydroethanol, a liquid/solid ratio of 29.3 mL/g, an extraction time of 18.4 min, an extraction temperature of 50 °C, and ultrasound power of 400 W. Under the optimal conditions, antioxidant activity of the extract was 755.98 ± 10.23 μmol Trolox/g dry weight (DW), much higher than that from maceration (558.77 ± 14.42 μmol Trolox/g DW) or Soxhlet extraction (479.81 ± 12.75 μmol Trolox/g DW). In addition, the main antioxidant compounds in the extract were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–DAD–MS/MS). The concentrations of digalloyl hexoside, methyl gallate, gallic acid, trigalloyl hexoside, and digallic acid were 15.30 ± 0.98, 8.85 ± 0.51, 8.76 ± 0.36, 4.27 ± 0.21, and 2.89 ± 0.13 mg/g DW. This study provides an efficient and green extraction method for the extraction of natural antioxidants from the bean coat of red sword bean. The extract of antioxidants might be added into functional foods or nutraceuticals with potential beneficial functions.

scholarly journals Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from Gomphrena celosioides Mart. using response surface methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
N. T. H. Yen ◽  
L. P. T. Quoc
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Gomphrena Celosioides ◽  
Experimental Values

In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used to extract bioactive compounds from Gomphrena celosioides Mart. Central composite face design (CCF) was used to optimize the influences of extraction factors on total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH-RSC). The results obtained showed that all factors (solvent to solid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature) strongly affected TPC, TFC, and DPPH-RSC. The optimal extraction conditions for TPC (3.123 mg GAE/g DW), TFC (1.736 mg QE/g DW), and DPPH-RSC (64.118%) were solvent to solid ratio of 27.3/1 (mL/g), extraction time of 40.2 min, and extraction temperature of 69 oC. In addition, under the optimal conditions, the results pointed out that the experimental values agreed with those predicted. Hence, this model has successfully optimized the extraction conditions for TPC, TFC and DPPH-RSC of Gomphrena celosioides extract.                     KEY WORDS: Antioxidant activity, CCF, Flavonoids, Model, Phenolic compounds, Regression equation   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(2), 237-248 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i2.3

A ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION (UAE) OF PHYTOCHEMICALS WITH RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY(RSM) IN Curcuma xanthorrhiza

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Najiba Azemi ◽  
Norazah Basar ◽  
Susilawati Toemen
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

The Curcuma genus belongs to the Zingiberaceae family is commonly known for its usage as spice and medicine.it is widely used in pharmaceutical, food supplement, cosmetic industries lead to economic benefits. Recently, noticing to an eco-friendly extraction approach which provides the extraction efficiency is considered that in the extraction process, exploring the optimum condition of extraction parameters. This study is performed to improve the bioactive compounds extraction from C. xanthorrhiza by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Three independent variables: extraction time (5-20 min), temperature (30-50 ° C) and liquid-solid ratio (6-10 mL / g) are applied using Box-Behnken (BBD) design. Quantification of curcumin and xanthorrhizol are carried out using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) equiped by a photodiode array detector. Extraction time 20 minutes, temperature of 50°C, and LS ratio 8 mL/g are found as the optimum condition of extraction yield and quantification of xanthorrhizol. Curcumin 's optimum state, however, is observed at extraction time 12.50 minutes, temperature 30 ° C, and liquid-solid ratio of 10 mL / g. This study suggests that there are favorable potential using method of ultrasound-assisted extraction under specific parameters in the extraction process which is advantageous for advanced research.  

scholarly journals Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Taxifolin, Diosmin, and Quercetin from Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1401
Author(s):  
Mengxia Wei ◽  
Ru Zhao ◽  
Xiaojin Peng ◽  
Chunte Feng ◽  
Huiyan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Irradiation Power ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Extraction behaviors of the 3 flavonoids taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin have been investigated in Abies nephrolepis leaves and bark. The following operation parameters—ethanol volume fraction, liquid–solid ratio, temperature, ultrasound irradiation power and time, and ultrasound frequency—were varied to study their effect on the yield of the 3 flavonoids during extraction. The results showed that a low extraction efficiency occurred at 293.15 K due to slow kinetics, while the situation was significantly improved at 333.15 K. The kinetic data for the extraction yields of the 3 flavonoids achieved good fits by the first-order kinetic model. From the thermodynamic analysis results, we realized that the ultrasound-assisted extraction of taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin from the leaves and bark of A. nephrolepis was a spontaneous and endothermic process in which the disorder increased (ΔG0 < 0, ΔH0 > 0, and ΔS0 > 0). According to the response surface methodology (RSM) analysis, under the optimal operation conditions (ethanol concentration of 50%, liquid–solid ratio of 20 mL/g, frequency of 45 kHz, extraction time of 39.25 min, ultrasound irradiation power of 160 W and temperature of 332.19 K), the total yield of the 3 flavonoids were 100.93 ± 4.01 mg/g from the leaves of A. nephrolepis (with 31.03 ± 1.51 mg/g, 0.31 ± 0.01 mg/g, 69.59 ± 2.57 mg/g for taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin, respectively), and under the optimal operation conditions (ethanol concentration of 50%, liquid–solid ratio of 20 mL/g, frequency of 45 kHz, extraction time of 36.80 min, ultrasound irradiation power of 150 W and temperature of 328.78 K), 16.05 mg/g ± 0.38 mg/g were obtained from the bark of A. nephrolepis (with 1.44 ± 0.05 mg/g, 0.47 ± 0.01 mg/g, 14.14 ± 0.38 mg/g for taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin, respectively), which were close to the prediction values.

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from the Chinese Medicinal Plant Rhodiola Sachalinensis A. BOR

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1085-1088
Author(s):  
Chuan Jun Zhang ◽  
Feng Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Ultrasonic Power ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Rhodiola Sachalinensis ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Plant

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polysaccharides from the Chinese medicinal plantRhodiola sachalinensisA. BOR (PRs) was studied. The effects of four factors (extraction time, ultrasonic power, liquid-solid ratio and extraction temperature) on the extraction yield of PRs were investigated by the single-factor test, and the optimum UAE conditions were investigated by the orthogonal test. The results demonstrated that the optimum UAE conditions for PRs were as followings: extraction time of 30 min, ultrasonic power of 85 W, liquid-solid ratio of 45 ml/g, and extraction temperature of 45°C. The present data might provide a theoretic base for full utilization ofRhodiola sachalinensisA. BOR.

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-Based Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Sennoside A, Sennoside B, Aloe-Emodin, Emodin, and Chrysophanol from Senna alexandrina (Aerial Parts): HPLC-UV and Antioxidant Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Perwez Alam ◽  
Omar M. Noman ◽  
Rashed N. Herqash ◽  
Omer M. Almarfadi ◽  
Ali Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Aloe Emodin ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized to maximize the yields of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol from S. alexandrina (aerial parts). The three UAE factors, extraction temperature (S1), extraction time (S2), and liquid to solid ratio (S3), were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken design was used for experimental design and phytoconstituent analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-UV. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be a 64.2 °C extraction temperature, 52.1 min extraction time, and 25.2 mL/g liquid to solid ratio. The experimental values of sennoside A, sennoside B, aloe-emodin, emodin, and chrysophanol (2.237, 12.792, 2.457, 0.261, and 1.529%, respectively) agreed with those predicted (2.152, 12.031, 2.331, 0.214, and 1.411%, respectively) by RSM models, thus demonstrating the appropriateness of the model used and the accomplishment of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. Excellent antioxidant properties were exhibited by S. alexandrina methanol extract obtained using the optimized extraction conditions with a DPPH assay (IC50 = 59.7 ± 1.93, µg/mL) and ABTS method (47.2 ± 1.40, µg/mL) compared to standard ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Skin-Whitening and Anti-Wrinkle Effects of Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Peanut Shell Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1231
Author(s):  
Da Hye Gam ◽  
Ji Woo Hong ◽  
Jun Hee Kim ◽  
Jin Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Experimental Values

Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions for simultaneous optimization of dependent variables, including DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), tyrosinase activity inhibition (TAI), and collagenase activity inhibition (CAI) of peanut shell extracts. The effects of the main variables including extraction time (5.0~55.0 min, X1), extraction temperature (26.0~94.0 °C, X2), and ethanol concentration (0.0%~99.5%, X3) were optimized. Based on experimental values from each condition, quadratic regression models were derived for the prediction of optimum conditions. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the independent variable was in the range of 0.89~0.96, which demonstrates that the regression model is suitable for the prediction. In predicting optimal UAE conditions based on the superimposing method, extraction time of 31.2 min, extraction temperature of 36.6 °C, and ethanol concentration of 93.2% were identified. Under these conditions, RSA of 74.9%, TAI of 50.6%, and CAI of 86.8% were predicted, showing good agreement with the experimental values. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that peanut shell extract decreased mRNA levels of tyrosinase-related protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 genes in B16-F0 cell. Therefore, we identified the skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects of peanut shell extracts at protein as well as gene expression levels, and the results show that peanut shell is an effective cosmetic material for skin-whitening and anti-wrinkle effects. Based on this study, peanut shell, which was considered a byproduct, can be used for the development of healthy foods, medicines, and cosmetics.

Protein Extraction from Spirulina platensis by Using Ultrasound Assisted Extraction: Effect of Solvent Types and Extraction Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Kong Sela ◽  
Wiratni Budhijanto ◽  
Arief Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Protein Recovery ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Solvent Volume

Protein is a substantial nutrition that essentially required by human. Spirulina platensis (Spp), well known as protein source could be a significant source to be used for many industrial applications. This study was investigated the effectiveness of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) method for protein extraction from Spp at various composition of solvent mixture and extraction time. Ethanol and mixture of methanol-ethanol were used as solvent. Extraction was conducted by varying ratios of solvent to biomass at 10:1, 12.5:1, and 15:1 (v/w), and extraction time (20, 35, and 50 min). Optimum protein recovery from dry Spp was 42.55 ± 0.43% obtained by using 20 ml of the mixture of methanol and ethanol at 50 min of extraction time. This study also conducted that mixture of methanol and ethanol was a better solvent on improving the ultrasound assisted extraction, as indicated by high protein recovery with less amount of solvent volume used.

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