scholarly journals Mitigation of Bullwhip Effect in Closed-Loop Supply Chain Based on Fuzzy Robust Control Approach

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songtao Zhang ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Robust Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
State Transformation ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Set Up

Uncertainties and lead times make the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) more complex, less stable, and then the bullwhip effect (BE) will become more intense. This paper will address a fuzzy robust control (FRC) approach to mitigate the BE in the uncertain CLSC with lead times. For the reverse channels for products in the CLSC, the customers’ used products are recycled by both the manufacturer and the third party recovery provider, and new products bought by customers within a certain period of time can be returned to the retailer. In the CLSC system, the state transformation equations of the inventories and the total operation cost are set up. A new FRC approach is proposed to mitigate the BE and realize the robust stability of the uncertain CLSC with lead times. A simulation example verifies the mitigation effect of the BE under the proposed FRC approach.

scholarly journals The Government’s Environment Policy Index Impact on Recycler Behavior in Electronic Products Closed-Loop Supply Chain

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchao He ◽  
Xigang Yuan ◽  
Xiaoqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Bullwhip Effect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Reverse Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Environment Policy ◽  
Order Rate

We establish the model of multilevel closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) which included raw material supplier, manufacturer, distributor, retailer, and third-party recycler based on system dynamics (SD). Considering factors which influence recycler behavior-environmental policy index and recovery delay, we apply SD software—Vensim—to simulate CLSC model and study recycler behavior’s influence on the entire CLSC through calculating the bullwhip effect of all levels members order rate. Research shows that (1) the larger the environmental policy index, the greater the recycle proportion and the better the effect of weakening retailer’s order rate in forward supply chain, which however, increasingly, strengthen the reverse supply chain bullwhip effect, (2) the shorter the recovery delay, the better the effect of weakening the forward supply chain bullwhip effect and the longer the recovery delay, which increasingly weakens the reverse supply chain bullwhip effect, and (3) the effect of environmental policy index on the bullwhip effect of all levels members order rate is more significant than recovery delay.

Product Resynthesis as a Reverse Logistics Strategy for an Optimal Closed-Loop Supply Chain

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmay Sane ◽  
Conrad S. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Third Party ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Logistics Strategy ◽  
Original Product

With continued emphasis on sustainability-driven design, reverse logistics is emerging as a vital competitive supply chain strategy for many of the global high-tech manufacturing firms. Various original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and multi-product manufacturing firms are enhancing their reverse logistics strategies in order to establish an optimal closed-loop supply chain through which they can introduce refurbished variants of their products back into the market. While a refurbished product strategy helps to mitigate environmental impact challenges as well as provide additional economic benefits, it is limited to an existing product market, possibly a subset of the existing market, and fails to commercialize/target new markets. In addition to refurbishing, the alternatives available for utilizing End-Of-Life (EOL) products are currently restricted to recycling and permanent disposal. In this work, the authors propose employing a new EOL option called “resynthesis” that utilizes existing waste from EOL products in a novel way. This is achieved through the synthesis of assemblies/subassemblies across multiple domains. The “newly” synthesized product can then be incorporated into the dynamics of a closed-loop supply chain. The proposed methodology enables OEMs to not only offer refurbished products as part of their reverse logistics strategy, but also provide them with resynthesized product concepts that can be used to expand to new/emerging markets. The proposed methodology provides a general framework that includes OEMs (manufacturers of the original product), retailers (distributors of the original product and collectors of the EOL products) and third-party firms (managers of the EOL products) as part of a closed-loop supply chain strategy. The proposed methodology is compared with the existing methodologies in the literature wherein a third-party supplies the OEM only with refurbished products and supplies products unsuitable for refurbishing to another firm(s) for recycling/disposal. A case study involving a multi-product electronics manufacturer is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology.

scholarly journals Controlling Waste and Carbon Emission for a Sustainable Closed-Loop Supply Chain Management under a Cap-and-Trade Strategy

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mowmita Mishra ◽  
Soumya Kanti Hota ◽  
Santanu Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Biswajit Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Carbon Emission Trading

Considering the increasing number of end-of-life goods in the context of improving the ambience and health of a population and their destructive impacts, recycling strategies are important for industries and organizations. In this article, a closed-loop supply chain management containing a single manufacturer, a single retailer, and a third party is introduced in which the manufacturer first propagates newly finished goods and then dispatches some of the finished goods to the retailer considering a single-setup multi-delivery policy. Due to shipping, carbon emission is taken into account as well as a carbon emission trading mechanism to curb the amount of carbon emissions by the retailer. For recycling through collection, inspection, remanufacturing, and landfill, the third party collects the end-of-life goods from its customers and ships perfect products to the manufacturer after a two-stage inspection. In this model, major sources of emissions such as shipping, replenishment orders, and inventory have been taken care of. The minimizing of the total cost relating to the container capacity, shipment numbers, and replenishment cycle length is the main objective of the closed-loop supply chain management for making the system more profitable. Expository numerical explorations, analysis, and graphic representations are conferred to elucidate this model, and it is observed that this model saves some percentage of the cost compared to the existing literature.

scholarly journals How Does Licensing Remanufacturing Affect the Supply Chain Considering Customer Environmental Awareness?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongbao Zou ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Xiaofan Lai ◽  
Jingxian Hong
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
New Products ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Technology Licensing ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain

As sustainability issues are receiving increasing attention in society, in recent years many manufacturers have been adopting remanufacturing via technology licensing. This paper uses a game theory approach to investigate this strategy of a manufacturer under a closed-loop supply chain consisting of one supplier, one manufacturer, and one third-party remanufacturer (TPR), with the consideration of customer environmental awareness. In particular, the supplier supplies the components to the manufacturer and the manufacturer adopts technology licensing remanufacturing via the TPR. We explicitly characterize the reactions between the supplier and the manufacturer as being in equilibrium after adopting the technology licensing. We find that only when remanufacturing is a potential threat to the supplier is the performance of the supply chain improved and the double marginalization effect effectively eliminated. Moreover, remanufacturing by technology licensing only increases the profit of the manufacturer, but decreases the profit of the supplier. Interestingly, contrary to traditional wisdom, the existence of remanufactured products does not reduce the quantity of new products. Furthermore, remanufacturing by technology licensing may not always improve the environment, but customers in the market have environmental awareness that facilitates remanufacturing.

scholarly journals The Reward-Penalty Mechanism in a Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Asymmetric Information of the Third-Party Collector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Wenbin Wang ◽  
Jia Lv ◽  
Ni An ◽  
Jie Guan ◽  
Shiyuan Quan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain ◽  
Effort Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Buy Back

This paper investigates the reward-penalty mechanism (RPM) implemented by the government in a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) with asymmetric information. The manufacturer produces and sells products to consumers, while the collection of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is delegated to the third-party collector, the one who has private information about the collection effort level. An information screening contract for the manufacturer is put forward to obtain the private information from the third-party collector, which is composed of buy-back price and franchise fee. By utilizing principal-agent theory, two cases are mainly examined including the CLSC without the RPM and the CLSC with the RPM. The results demonstrate that (i) the information screening contract is effective in capturing the collector’s collection effort level, (ii) raising the buy-back price to motivate the third-party collector is confirmed to perform well on enhancing the collection quantity from consumers, (iii) H-type collector collects more WEEEs and earns more profits than L-type collector, and (iv) the RPM improves the collection quantity of the enterprise and reaps more environmental benefits. The numerical results verify the validity of the contract and the feasibility of the RPM.

scholarly journals Decision-making in a retailer-led closed-loop supply chain involving a third-party logistics provider

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xu Chen ◽  
◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Jiao-Jiao Li ◽  
Thomas Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Closed Loop Supply Chain
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