scholarly journals Upper Bound on the Bit Error Probability of Systematic Binary Linear Codes via Their Weight Spectra

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Mingyu Zhang ◽  
Chaoyong Wang ◽  
Rongjun Chen ◽  
Xiaofeng An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Error Probability ◽  
Linear Codes ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Binary Linear Codes ◽  
Enumerating Function ◽  
Bit Error Probability ◽  
Better Than

In this paper, upper bound on the probability of maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding error for systematic binary linear codes over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels is proposed. The proposed bound on the bit error probability is derived with the framework of Gallager’s first bounding technique (GFBT), where the Gallager region is defined to be an irregular high-dimensional geometry by using a list decoding algorithm. The proposed bound on the bit error probability requires only the knowledge of weight spectra, which is helpful when the input-output weight enumerating function (IOWEF) is not available. Numerical results show that the proposed bound on the bit error probability matches well with the maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding simulation approach especially in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region, which is better than the recently proposed Ma bound.

A New Upper Bound on the Error Probability of Binary Linear Codes

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 2852-2855
Author(s):  
Jun Guo ◽  
Li Yun Dai ◽  
Hong Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Error Probability ◽  
Linear Codes ◽  
Binary Linear Codes ◽  
Union Bound ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Error Probabilities

Performance evaluation of maximum-likelihood (ML) decoded binary linear codes is usually carried out using bounding techniques. In this paper, a new upper bound is presented to improve existing union bounds. The proposed upper bounding is based on probabilities of correct events, while the traditional union bound (UB) is on pair-wise error probabilities. Moreover, the improved upper bounding uses the intersection instead of the union of basic events. The theoretical and simulation results show that the proposed bound is tight than UB.

scholarly journals A new and homogeneous metallicity scale for Galactic classical Cepheids

2018 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. A82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Proxauf ◽  
R. da Silva ◽  
V. V. Kovtyukh ◽  
G. Bono ◽  
L. Inno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Temperature ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Classical Cepheids ◽  
Microturbulent Velocity ◽  
Metal Abundances ◽  
Pulsation Cycle ◽  
Intrinsic Error ◽  
Better Than

We gathered more than 1130 high-resolution optical spectra for more than 250 Galactic classical Cepheids. The spectra were collected with the optical spectrographs UVES at VLT, HARPS at 3.6 m, FEROS at 2.2 m MPG/ESO, and STELLA. To improve the effective temperature estimates, we present more than 150 new line depth ratio (LDR) calibrations that together with similar calibrations already available in the literature allowed us to cover a broad range in wavelength (5348 ≤ λ ≤ 8427 Å) and in effective temperature (3500 ≤ Teff ≤ 7700 K). This gives us the unique opportunity to cover both the hottest and coolest phases along the Cepheid pulsation cycle and to limit the intrinsic error on individual measurements at the level of ~100 K. As a consequence of the high signal-to-noise ratio of individual spectra, we identified and measured hundreds of neutral and ionized lines of heavy elements, and in turn, have the opportunity to trace the variation of both surface gravity and microturbulent velocity along the pulsation cycle. The accuracy of the physical parameters and the number of Fe I (more than one hundred) and Fe II (more than ten) lines measured allowed us to estimate mean iron abundances with a precision better than 0.1 dex. We focus on 14 calibrating Cepheids for which the current spectra cover either the entire or a significant portion of the pulsation cycle. The current estimates of the variation of the physical parameters along the pulsation cycle and of the iron abundances agree very well with similar estimates available in the literature. Independent homogeneous estimates of both physical parameters and metal abundances based on different approaches that can constrain possible systematics are highly encouraged.

scholarly journals A High-Granularity Timing Detector for the Phase-II upgrade of the ATLAS Calorimeter system: detector concept, description and R&D and beam test results

2021 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 11012
Author(s):  
H. Imam
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Liquid Argon ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Forward Region ◽  
Test Beam ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Flux Increase ◽  
Silicon Sensor ◽  
Better Than

The particle flux increase (pile-up) at the HL-LHC with luminosities of L = 7.5 × 1034 cm−2 s−1 will have a significant impact on the reconstruction of the ATLAS detector and on the performance of the trigger. The forward region and the end-cap where the internal tracker has poorer longitudinal track impact parameter resolution, and where the liquid argon calorimeter has coarser granularity, will be significantly affected. A High Granularity Time Detector (HGTD) is proposed to be installed in front of the LAr end-cap calorimeter for the mitigation of the pileup effect, as well as measurement of luminosity. It will have coverage of 2.4 to 4.0 from the pseudo-rapidity range. Two dual-sided silicon sensor layers will provide accurate timing information for minimum-ionizing particles with a resolution better than 30 ps per track (before irradiation), for assigning each particle to the correct vertex. The readout cells are about 1.3 mm × 1.3 mm in size, which leads to a high granular detector with 3 million channels. The technology of low-gain avalanche detectors (LGAD) with sufficient gain was chosen to achieve the required high signal-to-noise ratio. A dedicated ASIC is under development with some prototypes already submitted and evaluated. The requirements and general specifications of the HGTD will be maintained and discussed. R&D campaigns on the LGAD are carried out to study the sensors, the related ASICs and the radiation hardness. Both laboratory and test beam results will be presented.

Analysis of Stacked Alamouti Coding in Wireless Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 3505-3508
Author(s):  
Yi Peng Li ◽  
Hao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Ergodic Capacity ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Alamouti Scheme ◽  
Alamouti Coding

Stacked Alamouti coding in MIMO wireless communication systems was analyzed through equivalent channel.We derive an upper bound on the portion of the ergodic capacity that the stacked Alamouti scheme can achieve, which is dependent on the ratio of number of transmit antennas to that of receive antennas in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime. As a conclusion, it is shown that the stacked Alamouti scheme can approach the channel capacity as long as the number of transmit antennas is no less than two times that of receive antennas.

2ℓ-Incorrigible set distributions of some linear codes by the finite geometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750012
Author(s):  
Lin-Zhi Shen ◽  
Fang-Wei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Linear Code ◽  
Error Probability ◽  
Linear Codes ◽  
Finite Geometry ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
List Decoding ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Decoding ◽  
Binary Linear Codes ◽  
Erasure Channels

The [Formula: see text]-incorrigible set distributions of binary linear codes over the erasure channels can be used to determine the decoding error probability of a linear code under maximum likelihood decoding and [Formula: see text]-list decoding. In this short paper, we give the [Formula: see text]-incorrigible set distributions of some linear codes by the finite geometry theory.

A COMPARITIVE STUDY OF W-CDMA CELL SEARCH DESIGNS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANAT KAMAL BAHL ◽  
JIM PLUSQUELLIC ◽  
JOSEPH THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Codes ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Cell Search ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Search Designs ◽  
Search Design

In this letter an Improved Cell Search Design using cyclic codes (Improved CSD) is compared with the 3GPP Cell Search Design using comma free codes (3GPP-comma free CSD) in terms of (1) hardware utilization on a field programmable gate array and (2) acquisition time measures for different probabilities of false alarm rates. Our results indicate that for an additive white Gaussian noise channel in a high signal-to-noise ratio the Improved CSD achieves faster synchronization with the base station and has lower hardware utilization when compared with the 3GPP-comma free CSD scheme under the same design constraints.

scholarly journals Recent Helioseismological Results from Space: Solar p-mode Oscillations from IPHIR on the PHOBOS Mission

1990 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
C. Fröhlich ◽  
T. Toutain ◽  
R.M. Bonnet ◽  
A.V. Bruns ◽  
J.P. Delaboudinière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Line Shapes ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Evaluation Of Data ◽  
Very High ◽  
Better Than

AbstractIPHIR (Interplanetary Helioseismology by IRradiance measurements) is a solar irradiance experiment on the USSR planetary mission PHOBOS to Mars and its satellite Phobos. The experiment was built by an international consortium including PMOD/WRC, LPSP, SSD/ESA, KrAO and CRIP. The sensor is a three channel sunphotometer (SPM) which measures the solar spectral irradiance at 335, 500 and 865 nm with a precision of better than 1 part-per-million (ppm). It is the first experiment dedicated to the investigation of solar oscillations from space. The results presented here are from a first evaluation of data gathered during 160 days of the cruise phase of PHOBOS II, launched on July, 12th 1988. The long uninterrupted observation produces a spectrum of the solar p-mode oscillations in the 5-minute range with a very high signal-to-noise ratio, which allows an accurate determination of frequencies and line shapes of these modes.

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