Leiomyoma of the Cheek

Leiomyomas are rare benign tumors that grow in the tunica media of smooth muscle cells. Leiomyomas occur most frequently in the uterus or gastrointestinal tract and only very rarely in the area of the cheek. This study reports on a rare case of a leiomyoma in the cheek of a 43-year-old woman, who presented with a well-circumscribed, asymptomatic, mobile swelling in the right cheek. This swelling was slightly purplish in color and measured approximately 4 cm×3 cm. Surgical excision was the treatment of choice, and the diagnosis was based on histopathological and immunohistochemical stains, which were positive for actin and desmin and negative for AE1/AE3, CD34, and S100. The patient’s follow-up, two years later, showed no recurrence, and she has been asymptomatic since the surgery.

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Deoxynivalenol interferes with intestinal motility via injuring the contractility of enteric smooth muscle cells: A novel hazard to the gastrointestinal tract by environmental toxins

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112656 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 224 ◽

pp. 112656

Author(s):

Xu Ji ◽

Yu Qiao ◽

Weijiang Zheng ◽

Honglin Jiang ◽

Wen Yao

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Intestinal Motility ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Environmental Toxins

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Immunocytochemical characteristics of submucosal uterine myomas

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1012977m ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (12) ◽

pp. 977-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aleksandra Mladenovic-Mihailovic ◽

Zorica Mladenovic-Bogdanovic ◽

Predrag Mitrovic ◽

Irena Tanaskovic ◽

Slavica Usaj-Knezevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Synthetic Activity ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Paraffin Sections ◽

Weak Reaction ◽

Synthetic Phenotype

Background/Aim. Myomas of the uterus, the most common benign tumors, have been studied for decades from the aspects of different basic and clinical disciplines. Despite this fact, their pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine immunocytochemical characteristics of smooth muscle cells and connective tissue components of submucosal myomas of the uterus. Method. During the course of this study, 25 samples of submucosal myomas of the uterus were analyzed, all of them obtained during the surgery, after abdominal histerctomy by Aldridge. The samples were fixed in 4% formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 5 ?m thickness were stained immunocytochemically using the DAKO LSAB+/HRP technique to identify ?- smooth muscle actin (?-SMA), vimentin, desmin, CD34, CD45, CD68 and PCNA (DAKO specification). Results. Our results suggest that submucosal myomas of the uterus are build-up of smooth muscle cells which are immunoreactive to ?-SMA and desmin, but also to a certain number of smooth muscle cells which are immunoreactive to ?-SMA and vimentin. Some of vimentin-immunoreactive cells also show an immunoreactivity of PCNA. In the build-up of connective stroma CD34-immunoreactive fibroblasts and neovascular formations are also present. By examining the distribution of CD45 antigen, at all the analyzed samples we observed a weak reaction. Conclusion. Submucosal myomas of the uterus are made-up of smooth muscle cells of the highly differentiated contractile phenotype (?-SMA- and desminimmunoreactivity), as well as smooth muscle cell of the synthetic phenotype which proliferate (?-SMA-, vimentin- and PCNA-immunoreactivity). In submucosal myoma of the uterus there is a significant presence of connective tissue as a result of synthetic activity of fibroblasts, which clearly differ in their immunocytochemical characteristics from smooth muscle cells of the synthetic phenotype.

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Acquired smooth muscle hamartoma: A case report on the lower extremity with hidrosis

SAGE Open Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1177/2050313x19893834 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 2050313X1989383

Author(s):

Malika A Ladha ◽

Todd Remington

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Case Report ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

English Literature ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Clinical Spectrum ◽

Rare Entity ◽

First Case

Smooth muscle hamartomas are benign dermal proliferations of smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle hamartomas are sub-divided into congenital or acquired; the latter is a rare entity with less than 20 cases being reported in the English literature. Most often asymptomatic, acquired smooth muscle hamartomas follow an indolent course. Treatment in the form of surgical excision can be utilized for symptomatic or cosmetic purposes. Here, we report the first case of an acquired smooth muscle hamartomas of the shin which also uniquely presented with hidrosis. This case highlights the varied clinical spectrum of acquired smooth muscle hamartomas.

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Piloleiomyosarcoma in Seven Ferrets

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.38-6-710 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 710-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B. H. Rickman ◽

L. E. Craig ◽

M. H. Goldschmidt

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

Smooth Muscle Actin ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Muscle Actin ◽

Mustela Putorius ◽

Nuclear Pleomorphism ◽

Complete Surgical Excision

In each of seven ferrets ( Mustela putorius furo) with leiomyosarcoma, a single dermal mass was identified and biopsied. Each mass consisted of a well-demarcated but nonencapsulated proliferation of large spindle- to strap-shaped cells arranged in interwoven bundles. The cells resembled the smooth muscle cells of the adjacent arrector pili muscles, but with marked nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin was positive and staining for myoglobin and cytokeratin was negative. Follow-up on three of the ferrets indicates that the prognosis is good following complete surgical excision.

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Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Serum Levels of SeP (Selenoprotein P) in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.119.313267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 2553-2562 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nobuhiro Kikuchi ◽

Kimio Satoh ◽

Taijyu Satoh ◽

Nobuhiro Yaoita ◽

Mohammad Abdul Hai Siddique ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Selenoprotein P ◽

Absolute Change ◽

Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle ◽

The Absolute ◽

Change In Mean

Objective: Despite the recent progress in upfront combination therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), useful biomarkers for the disorder still remain to be developed. SeP (Selenoprotein P) is a glycoprotein secreted from various kinds of cells including pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to maintain cellular metabolism. We have recently demonstrated that SeP production from pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells is upregulated and plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of PAH. However, it remains to be elucidated whether serum SeP levels could be a useful biomarker for PAH. Approach and Results: We measured serum SeP levels and evaluated their prognostic impacts in 65 consecutive patients with PAH and 20 controls during follow-up (mean, 1520 days; interquartile range, 1393–1804 days). Serum SeP levels were measured using a newly developed sol particle homogeneous immunoassay. The patients with PAH showed significantly higher serum SeP levels compared with controls. Higher SeP levels (cutoff point, 3.47 mg/L) were associated with the outcome (composite end point of all-cause death and lung transplantation) in patients with PAH (hazard ratio, 4.85 [1.42–16.6]; P <0.01). Importantly, we found that the absolute change in SeP of patients with PAH (ΔSeP) in response to the initiation of PAH-specific therapy significantly correlated with the absolute change in mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance (ΔPVR), and cardiac index (ΔCI; R =0.78, 0.76, and −0.71 respectively, all P <0.0001). Moreover, increase in ΔSeP during the follow-up predicted poor outcome of PAH. Conclusions: Serum SeP is a novel biomarker for diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy and long-term prognosis in patients with PAH.

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Stereotactic Radiosurgery of the Rete Mirabile in Swine: A Longitudinal Study of Histopathological Changes

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/01.neu.0000197335.93538.bd ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 551-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Reza Jahan ◽

Timothy D. Solberg ◽

Daniel Lee ◽

Paul Medin ◽

Satoshi Tateshima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽

Collagen Type ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Collagen Type Iv ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Rete Mirabile ◽

Type Iv

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Stereotactic radiosurgery is an established, effective treatment for brain arteriovenous malformations. The mechanisms of vessel occlusion in arteriovenous malformations has not been extensively evaluated. To better understand these mechanisms, we report histopathological changes in the swine rete mirabile after stereotactic radiosurgery. METHODS: Thirty-five swine were used, 15 as nonradiated controls and 20 as radiated. Two in the control group and five in the radiated group were sacrificed before the study endpoint. Tissue was obtained from 13 nonradiated (4 at 3 mo, 5 at 6 mo, 4 at 9 mo) and 15 radiated swine (2 at 3 mo, 3 at 6 mo, 10 at 9 mo) for histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric analysis. RESULTS: Radiated vessels showed increasing intimal hyperplasia over the follow-up period. Histometrical analysis confirmed this with evidence of progressive luminal narrowing over the follow-up period. Immunohistochemical analysis showed intimal cells to be proliferating smooth muscle cells with surrounding extracellular collagen Type IV. Adventitial fibrosis composed of collagen Type IV was also seen with smooth muscle cells interspersed within the collagen matrix. The nonradiated animals showed no intimal hyperplasia or change in the appearance or size of the vessels over the same follow-up period. Adventitial fibrosis was minimal in the nonradiated animals. CONCLUSION: The vessels show an intimal response to radiation with progressive occlusion caused by migrating, proliferating smooth muscle cells, a likely source of the extracellular collagen in the intima. Cytokine mediated pathways likely produce these morphological changes. Future studies will be directed toward elucidating these underlying molecular mechanisms.

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G-CSF contributes at the healing of tunica media of arteriotomy-injured rat carotids by promoting differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells

Journal of Cellular Physiology ◽

10.1002/jcp.25074 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 231 (1) ◽

pp. 215-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Barbara Rinaldi ◽

Mauro Finicelli ◽

Maria Donniacuo ◽

Giovanni Di Bernardo ◽

Giulia Gritti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Tunica Media

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Interstitial flow through the internal elastic lamina affects shear stress on arterial smooth muscle cells

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.2000.278.5.h1589 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 278 (5) ◽

pp. H1589-H1597 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Shigeru Tada ◽

John M. Tarbell

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Shear Stresses ◽

Interstitial Flow ◽

Internal Elastic Lamina ◽

Tunica Media ◽

Flow Through ◽

Elastic Lamina

Interstitial flow through the tunica media of an artery wall in the presence of the internal elastic lamina (IEL), which separates it from the subendothelial intima, has been studied numerically. A two-dimensional analysis applying the Brinkman model as the governing equation for the porous media flow field was performed. In the numerical simulation, the IEL was modeled as an impermeable barrier to water flux, except for the fenestral pores, which were uniformly distributed over the IEL. The tunica media was modeled as a heterogeneous medium composed of a periodic array of cylindrical smooth muscle cells (SMCs) embedded in a fiber matrix simulating the interstitial proteoglycan and collagen fibers. A series of calculations was conducted by varying the physical parameters describing the problem: the area fraction of the fenestral pore (0.001–0.036), the diameter of the fenestral pore (0.4–4.0 μm), and the distance between the IEL and the nearest SMC (0.2–0.8 μm). The results indicate that the value of the average shear stress around the circumference of the SMC in the immediate vicinity of the fenestral pore could be as much as 100 times greater than that around an SMC in the fully developed interstitial flow region away from the IEL. These high shear stresses can affect SMC physiological function.

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