scholarly journals A Conflict Risk Analysis of MAV\UAV Flight in Shared Airspace

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
ChaoYu Xia ◽  
Chun-Rong Yang ◽  
Kang Xue ◽  
HanBing Yan ◽  
JianHua Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Safety Communication ◽  
Decision Mechanism ◽  
Risk Framework ◽  
Conflict Risk

The intelligent auxiliary decision-making (IADM) is emerging as a feasible solution for air traffic control (ATC) to reduce undesirable conflicts in shared airspace; meanwhile, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be operated with enhanced efficiency and safety using IADM. This paper presents the conflict risk framework of the MAV\UAV flight that improves flight safety of MAVs and UAVs in shared airspace. This is accomplished by focusing on two steps: First, determine the minimum safety communication interval between the UAV and controller; second, build a conflict risk model to detect which decision mechanism will minimize risk. Our approach provides a standard model to start with to improve IADM and allow engineers to focus on the operational purpose of MAV/UAV. Results show that our work presented here is practical and straightforward, and it brings an evident engineering application prospect.

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL BASICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
T. S. Sukhova ◽  
O. V. Aleksashina ◽  
O. N. Grinyuk
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Traffic Control System ◽  
Control Complex

The concept of flight safety is considered, the features and purpose of the air traffic control system, the air traffic control complex, the capabilities of the system that ensure flight safety are presented.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Technology Solutions for Highway Work Zone Temporary Traffic Control Investigations

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Melcher ◽  
Rachel E. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Heavy Trucks ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Forensic Engineering

Incidents or collisions involving pedestrians, bicyclists, motorcycles, automobiles, heavy trucks, or tractor-trailers frequently occur in roadway or roadside areas affected by highway construction projects. When such events arise, the ensuing claims or litigation processes often concern whether or not the temporary traffic control (TTC) system in place at the time was compliant with the applicable standard of care. Due to the short-term and constantly changing nature of construction projects and work zones, the hardest challenge for the forensicengineer is often to determine what was in place at the time and location of the incident. This paper will introduce and expound on the application of modern technology solutions to address these questions. Methods for extraction of useful information from the raw data will be addressed, along with examples demonstrating the engineering application of this data to the underlying legal questions.

scholarly journals Bring Your Own Reputation: A Feasible Trust System for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Mühlbauer ◽  
João Kleinschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Decision Mechanism ◽  
Malicious Behavior ◽  
Trust System ◽  
Digital Certificates ◽  
Hoc Networks

The establishment of trust in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) will require the application of non-conventional measures of information security, such as reputation of the participants. The system proposed in this paper uses the concept of certified reputation, in which vehicles communicate providing digital certificates that include their own reputation level. The vehicles periodically come in contact with certification and traffic control authorities to update their reputation levels, which are determined by the validation of their behavior on the network. Decision-making mechanisms in the receiver vehicles are responsible for evaluating whether the messages are true or false, based on the reputation of the communication nodes. The quantitative analysis of simulated scenarios showed the combination of the central reputation scheme with an appropriate vehicular decision mechanism achieved a total of correct decisions superior than without reputation systems. Considering the constraints of a high mobile network, the proposed system is a feasible way to reduce the risk of anomalous or malicious behavior in a vehicular network.

Part 1. Practical Problems

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (683) ◽  
pp. 773-781
Author(s):  
H. K. Gordon-Burge
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Safety Committee ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
Air Safety

At the outset, I must make it quite clear that any views or opinions expressed are my own and are not necessarily those of either British European Airways or the Flight Safety Committee.In this paper, I have attempted to discuss some of the problems which face those whose task is to obtain and to disseminate safety information. At the end, I have posed a number of questions which I believe are relevant and should be posed, and which Harold Caplan will take up in his subsequent discussion of the legal problems.Air Safety is essentially the prevention of accidents by minimising the risk of encountering foreseeable hazards and the consequences of unforeseen situations. Thus the dissemination of air safety information is simply the spreading of accident prevention material. It is undoubtedly best achieved by a sharing among all concerned of the lessons learned from their incident and accident experience. This activity is one that has to be shared by operators, flight and ground crew, air traffic control, the designers and makers of aircraft, engines and equipment, and regulatory authorities.

Fault Tree Analysis of “Mistakes, Forgetfulness, and Negligence” Accidents in ATC

2011 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 924-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Qing Chen ◽  
Shi Gang Li ◽  
Xin He
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Weak Sense ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Minimal Cut Sets ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
High Control

The "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in Air Traffic Control (ATC) have a great impact on flight safety. On the basis of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), the paper established the "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in ATC fault tree, obtained all the minimal cut sets, and qualitatively analyzed the cause of accidents. According to survey data, the paper calculated the probability of the top event, as well as the probability importance degree coefficients and critical importance degree coefficients of basic events, and quantitatively analyzed the cause of accidents. The results show that the weak sense of responsibility, poor safety awareness, unsound rules and regulations, inadequate enforcement of rules and regulations, and high control office noise are the main factors leading to the accident. The paper provides ATC units with recommendations to establish solutions to "mistakes, forgetfulness, and negligence" accidents in ATC.

scholarly journals Onboard Radar for Unmanned Aircraft

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Yuri S. Tsyplenkov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Unmanned Aircraft ◽  
Airborne Radar ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Radar Station ◽  
Traffic Control System

In order to prevent collisions in conditions of the constantly increasing intensity of flights of aircraft of various types and purposes, it is proposed to develop a small-sized airborne radar station, compatible with the existing air traffic control system (ATC) and with the onboard systems of other aircraft to ensure flight safety.

MODELLING THE ORAL COMMUNICATION PERFORMANCE OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Jin-Ru Yen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Communication Errors

This study proposes a mechanism for measuring pilot-controller communication errors and develops a model to evaluate their communication performance. Empirical data based on 73 transcripts of communication from the Taipei Flight Information Region (FIR) are analyzed to validate the developed model and investigate communication issues. The results show that about 87% of all communication errors found in the transcripts had a relatively low level of influence on flight safety, while 13% had a severe influence. Additionally, the results of performance measurement indicate that the overall level of communication performance is relatively low. These findings are expected to be applicable to other countries whose native languages are not English. The performance model developed in this study can help management in the industry to evaluate radio communication performance of their aviation personnel.

Safe RPAS integration in non-segregated airspace

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier A. Pérez-Castán ◽  
Fernando Gómez Comendador ◽  
Álvaro Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Rosa M. Arnaldo Valdés ◽  
Jose Felix Alonso-Alarcon
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Conflict Duration ◽  
Flight Level ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Safety Metrics ◽  
Calculated Level

Purpose This paper aims to assess the implications in safety levels by the integration of remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS). The goal is to calculate the number of RPAS that can jointly operate with conventional aircraft regarding conflict risk, without exceeding current safety levels. Design/methodology/approach This approach benchmarks a calculated level of safety (CLS) with a target level of safety (TLS). Monte Carlo (MC) simulations quantify the TLS based on the current operation of conventional aircraft. Then, different experiments calculate the CLS associated with combinations of conventional aircraft and RPAS. MC simulations are performed based on probabilistic distributions of aircraft performances, entry times and geographical distribution. The safety levels are based on a conflict risk model because the safety metrics are the average number of conflicts and average conflict duration. Findings The results provide restrictions to the number of RPAS that can jointly operate with conventional aircraft. The TLS is quantified for four conventional aircraft. MC simulations confirm that the integration of RPAS demands a reduction in the total number of aircraft. The same number of RPAS than conventional aircraft shows an increase over 90% average number of conflicts and 300% average conflict time. Research limitations/implications The methodology is applied to one flight level of en-route airspace without considering climbing or descending aircraft. Originality/value This paper is one of the most advanced investigations performed to quantify the number of RPAS that can be safely integrated into non-segregated airspace, which is one of the challenges for the forthcoming integration of RPAS. Particularly, Europe draws to allow operating RPAS and conventional aircraft in non-segregated airspace by 2025, but this demanding perspective entails a thorough analysis of operational and safety aspects involved.

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