scholarly journals Neuropharmacological Assessment of the Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Calotropis procera (Ait). R. Br. (Apocynaceae) in Mice

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ernest Obese ◽  
Elvis Ofori Ameyaw ◽  
Robert Peter Biney ◽  
Emmanuel Awintiig Adakudugu ◽  
Eric Woode
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant

Background. Calotropis procera has been widely used traditionally for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. It is also reportedly used in ethnomedicine for mental health disorders including epilepsy even in the absence of supporting scientific data. Thus, the potential of the plant to affect neurological functions was evaluated. Methods. Irwin’s test was performed to determine the effect of the oral administration of the extract (30–3000 mg kg−1) on gross behaviour and physiological function. The activity meter, rotarod, pentylenetetrazol- (PTZ-) induced convulsion, pentobarbitone-induced sleep test, and the tail immersion tests were used to evaluate the spontaneous activity, neuromuscular function, convulsive threshold, sedation, and analgesic effects of the Calotropis procera extract (30–1000 mg/kg), respectively, in mice. Results. Calotropis procera extract (CPE) exhibited significant ( p < 0.0001 ) anticonvulsant and analgesic effects. There was a significant increase in withdrawal latency of the CPE-treated animals in the tail immersion test for analgesia ( p < 0.0001 ), while latency and duration of PTZ-induced convulsions were positively modulated. Calotropis procera extract showed significant ( p < 0.0001 ) central nervous system depressant effects in pentobarbitone-induced hypnosis at 100–1000 mg/kg and spontaneous activity test (30–1000 mg/kg). The extract also depicted impaired motor coordination at 100–1000 mg/kg dose levels. LD50 was estimated to be above 1000 mg kg−1. Conclusions. Calotropis procera extract has significant central nervous system depressant and analgesic effects in mice.

Butanol soluble fractions of Cissus cornifolia methanolic leaf extract and behavioural effects in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Hamza Yaro ◽  
◽  
Musa Aliyu Muhammad ◽  
Abdullahi Balarabe Nazifi ◽  
Mohammed Garba Magaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Soluble Fractions

Cissus cornifolia Baker - Planch (Family: Vitaceae) is used for various central nervous system disorders. The present study reported the sedative and central nervous depressant effects of fractions (butanol soluble portion and its flavonoid rich fraction) obtained from methanolic leaf extract of Cissus cornifolia using diazepam induced sleep, head-dip and motor coordination tests in mice at doses between 5 to 600 mg/kg body weight. The flavonoid rich column fraction 3 (CF3) significantly (p <0.05) prolonged the duration of sleep in mice at the dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg. Similarly, the butanol soluble portion significantly (p <0.001) prolonged the duration of diazepam induced sleep at 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg in a dose dependent manner. It also significantly (p <0.05) decreased the onset of sleep at the dose of 150 and 600 mg/kg. A dose dependent and significant (p <0.001) decrease in the mean number of head-dips was produced by the butanol soluble portion at all the doses tested. The butanol soluble portion at all the doses tested significantly (p <0.005) prolonged the time to complete the beam walk, however the extract did not produce a significant increase in number of foot slips. The results demonstrated that the butanol soluble fractions obtained from methanolic leaf extract of Cissus cornifolia posses sedative and central nervous system depressant activity, thus supporting its ethno medicinal use as a sedative in the management of central nervous system disorders.

PENENTUAN NILAI PARAMETER LIPOFILITAS SENYAWA 4-KLOROBENZOILTIOUREA DAN UJI POTENSIASI TERHADAP TIOPENTAL PADA MENCIT PUTIH (Mus musculus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dini Kesuma
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Log P ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Synthesis of the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound was carried out by acylating thiourea with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride. The 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound  will increase the lipophilic and the electronic properties other than the lead compounds of benzoylthiourea in order to, by expectation, raise the central nervous system depressant as well. The lipophilic would affect the ability of the compounds in penetrating biological membranes, which is highly dependent on the solubility of the drug within lipid/water. Log P is the most common method used in determining the parameter value. This experiment was to mix two dissolvents (octanol and water) which are immissible. The both levels of the compounds were carefully observed by a spectrophotometer UV-Vis. From the test, the result of log P value of the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound was 2.32, while the theoretical log P value of the compounds, by using the π Hansch-Fujita method is 1.62 and the f Rekker-Mannhold method is 2.225. Consequently, the result of the test shows that there is a significant difference between the progress experiment and both theoretical log P methods. Moreover, in the test of the central nervous system depressant through the potentiation test to thiopental using mice indicates that the 4-chlorobenzoylthiourea compound have potentiation effects to thiopental compared to the lead compounds of benzoylthiourea.

Central nervous system active compounds. VI. Reissert compounds as precursors of 1-(3-phthalidy1)isoquinolines

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
TV Hung ◽  
BA Mooney ◽  
RH Prager ◽  
AD Ward
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Reissert Compounds

The reactions of isoquinoline and phthalazine Reissert compounds with phthalaldehydic acids and their derivatives have been investigated as a means of synthesizing 1-(3-phthalidyl)isoquinolines. Of a variety of conditions tried those involving phase transfer were found, in general, to be the most suitable. The products, which are analogues of the convulsant alkaloid bicuculline, showed weak central nervous system depressant activity.

5-(2-Aminoethyl)-2-oxazolidinones with central nervous system depressant and antiinflammatory activity

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1129-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Welstead ◽  
Grover C. Helsley ◽  
C. Roy Taylor ◽  
Lennox B. Turnbull ◽  
John P. Da Vanzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiinflammatory Activity ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant

scholarly journals Lavandulae aetheroleum Oil: A Review on Phytochemical Screening, Medicinal Applications, and Pharmacological Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9836-9847
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Experimental Pharmacology ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Lavandulae aetheroleum, the oil, was obtained by vapor condensation from the flower of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel (Lamiaceae) plant. Other names of Lavandulae aetheroleum oil are Al birri, common or English lavender. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant is spreading in the Mediterranean, southern Europe, Bulgaria, Russia, and USA. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant, is an odor shrub with 1-2 m in height. The oil is a clear, colorless, or pale yellow. The gas chromatography studies reported the following percentage of the major chemical constituents in the oil: linalyl acetate (25-46%), linalool (20-45%), terpinen-4-ol (1.2-6.0%), lavendulyl acetate (> 1.0%), 1,8-cineole (1,8-cineol, cineol, cineole, eucalyptol) (< 2.5%), 3-octanone (< 2.5%), camphor (< 1.2%), limonene (< 1.0%), and α-terpineol (< 2.0%). Medicinal applications of the oil include the treatment of restlessness, anxiety, cardiovascular disorders, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders, burns, diarrhea, headache, sore throats, and wounds. Pharmacological effects include experimental and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant effects. Clinical pharmacology includes anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects. The oil dose by inhalation = 0.06-0.2 ml/ 3 times/day while oil dose internally = 1-4 drops approximately 20-80 mg on a sugar cube per day. In conclusion, Lavandulae aetheroleum oil had an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects.

scholarly journals Analgesic Effects of Thiamine in Male Long Evans Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayema Ainan ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Taskina Ali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Pain ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanisms ◽  
Significant Decrement ◽  
Pain Models ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Long Evans ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: The concept of analgesic effects of thiamine along with other B vitamins has been supported since long by various clinical and experimental evidences, though effects of individual thiamine on pain are yet to be clearly demonstrated.Objective: To assess the effects of increasing doses of thiamine supplementation on pain.Methods: Forty-eight (48) male Long Evans rats (200±20 gm) were given thiamine (100, 200, 250, mg/kg/day; experimental) or normal saline (5 ml/kg/day; control) intraperitonealy (i.p) for 7 consecutive days. The analgesic activity was evaluated by three experimental pain models, hot (52±0.50C) water tail immersion test, the interphase (6th-15th minutes) of formalin (50?l, 2.5%, subcutaneous) test and acetic acid (2%, i.p) induced writhing test. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test and p?0.05 was considered as significant.Results: In tail immersion test, %MPE significantly increased after 200 (p?0.05) and 250 (p?0.001) mg/kg of thiamine. In the formalin test, thiamine significantly lowered the jerking frequency (p?0.05, p?0.001, p?0.001, respectively) and duration of flexing and licking (p?0.001, in all doses), compared to control. In addition, in writhing test, significant increment in latency of appearance of 1st writhe (p?0.001, in higher 2 doses) and significant decrement in frequency of writhes (p?0.01, p?0.001, p?0.001, respectively, in all doses) were observed.Conclusion: The results of this study conclude that, repetitive administration of thiamine may cause alleviation of pain through central as well as peripheral inhibitory mechanisms, which is dose dependent as well.Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2017, June; 12(1): 1-9

ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF SOME BICYCLIC AMIDES

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
P. AEBERLI ◽  
J. H. GOGERTY ◽  
W. J. HOULIHAN ◽  
L. C. IORIO
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant

scholarly journals Analgesic and central nervous system depressant activities of methanol extract of Ziziphus rugosa Lam. Leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 849-853
Author(s):  
Jahan Bulbul Israt ◽  
Firoz Khan Mohammad ◽  
A. Rashid Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant

P.030 Loneliness and dependence on central nervous system depressant drugs in older patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. S20-S21
Author(s):  
S. Cheng ◽  
T.G. Siddiqui ◽  
M. Gossop ◽  
E.S. Kristoffersen ◽  
C. Lundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Central Nervous System Depressant
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document