Effect of Yijin-Tang, an Oriental Traditional Formula, on Allergic Responses Using an Ovalbumin-Induced Murine Asthma Model

Yijin-tang is an oriental traditional herb used to treat inflammatory diseases. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of Yijin-tang water extract (YTE) using an ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthma model, focusing on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the herb. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with OVA on days 0 and 14 and then challenged with OVA on days 21, 22, and 23. The animals were orally administered YTE (200 and 400 mg/kg) from days 18 to 23, and this was found to significantly decrease airway hyperresponsiveness and release of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in mice with asthma. In addition, YTE was associated with a marked reduction in airway inflammation and mucus production in lung tissue of mice with asthma. Furthermore, YTE suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and phosphorylation of ERK in the lungs, which in turn led to a reduction in inducible nitric oxide synthases and an elevation in reduced glutathione and heme oxygenase-1. In conclusion, YTE effectively suppressed allergic responses in mice with asthma and the effect was closely related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the herb. Our results indicate that YTE may be a potential agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.

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Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.614442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ba-Wool Lee ◽

Ji-Hye Ha ◽

Yeongseon Ji ◽

Seong-Hun Jeong ◽

Ju-Hong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Inflammation ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Th2 Cytokines ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mucus Production ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Alnus Hirsuta

Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model. Female BALB/c mice were injected with OVA (40 μg) and aluminum hydroxide (2 mg) on days 0 and 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation. The mice were then challenged with 1% OVA from days 21–23. Mice were treated with AH (50 and 100 mg/kg/day; 2% DMSO) or dexamethasone (positive control; 3 mg/kg/day) from days 18–23. AH treatment effectively attenuated airway resistance/hyperresponsiveness and reduced levels of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, eotaxins, and number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and immunoglobulin E in serums of OVA-challenged mice. In histological analysis, AH treatment significantly inhibited airway inflammation and mucus production in OVA-challenged mice. AH treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha, p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p65NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases with suppression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in lung tissue. Moreover, AH treatment decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th2 cytokines, as well as MUC5AC expression, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65NF-κB in TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. These results indicate that AH might represent a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.

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Anti-Inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, and Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibitory Activities of Ravan Napas, a Formulation of Uighur Traditional Medicine, in a Rat Model of Allergic Asthma

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2011/725926 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sajida Abdureyim ◽

Nurmuhammat Amat ◽

Anwar Umar ◽

Halmurat Upur ◽

Benedicte Berke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Asthma ◽

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Lavage Fluid ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Asthma Model ◽

Traditional Uighur Medicine ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Marked Suppression

Ravan Napas(RN) is a traditional formula used to treat pulmonary symptoms and diseases such as coughing, breathing difficulty, and asthma in traditional Uighur medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulatory activity of RN in a well-characterized animal model of allergic asthma. Rats were sensitized with intraperitoneal (ip) ovalbumin (OVA) and alum, and then challenged with OVA aerosols. The asthma model rats were treated with RN; saline- and dexamethasone- (DXM-) treated rats served as normal and model controls. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cellular differential and the concentrations of sICAM-1, IL-4, IL-5, TNF-α, INF-γ, and IgE in serum were measured. Lung sections underwent histological analysis. The immunohistochemistry S-P method was used to measure the expression of ICAM-1 and HO-1 in the lung. RN significantly reduced the number of inflammatory cells in BALF and lung tissues, decreased sICAM-1, IL-4, IL-5, TNF-α, and IgE in serum, and increased serum INF-γ. There was a marked suppression of ICAM-1 and HO-1 expression in the lung. Our results suggest that RN may have an anti-inflammatory and immuneregulatory effect on allergic bronchial asthma by modulating the balance between Th1/Th2 cytokines.

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Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai Attenuates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Suppression of NF-κB and Enhancement of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9020099 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 99 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tae-Yang Jung ◽

A Yeong Lee ◽

Jun-Ho Song ◽

Min Young Lee ◽

Je-Oh Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Inflammation ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Related Factor ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Mucus Production ◽

Cell Counts

Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai (Scrophulariaceae) is a medicinal herb that grows in Korea and which has been widely used to treat fever, edema, neuritis and laryngitis. Hence, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the ethanol extract (SKE) of S. koraiensis Nakai in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model. We injected 20 μg of OVA with 2 mg of aluminum on day 0 and day 14 to induce allergic airway inflammation in six-week-old BALB/c mice, and mice were challenged with 1% OVA by nebulization for 1 h on days 21, 22, and 23. SKE was orally administered at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg from day 18 to 23, and its effects were compared with those of montelukast treatment. SKE significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell counts, immunoglobulin-E, and airway hyperresponsiveness during the OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation model; it also reduced airway inflammation and mucus production. In addition, SKE reduced the OVA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation in lung tissues while enhancing nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. In conclusion, SKE showed the protective effects on OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation via the suppression of NF-κB phosphorylation and the enhancement of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These results indicate that SKE is a potential therapeutic agent for allergic airway inflammation.

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Vascular Protective Role of Samul-Tang in HUVECs: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 and NO

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/9580234 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Eun Sik Choi ◽

Yun Jung Lee ◽

Chang Seob Seo ◽

Jung Joo Yoon ◽

Byung Hyuk Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelium ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Water Extract ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Related Factor ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Ros Production ◽

Herbal Formula ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Monocyte Adhesion

Samul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), composed of four medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula treating hematological disorder or gynecologic disease. However, vascular protective effects of SMT and its molecular mechanisms on the vascular endothelium, known as the central spot of vascular inflammatory process, are not reported. The aim of this study was to investigate vascular protective effects of SMT water extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Water extract of SMT was prepared and identified by HPLC-PDA analysis. Expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined by western blot. Nuclear localization of NF-κB and Nrf2 was visualized by immunofluorescence and DNA binding activity of NF-κB was measured. ROS production, HL-60 monocyte adhesion, and intracellular nitric oxide (NO) were also measured using a fluorescent indicator. SMT suppressed NF-κB translocation and activation as well as expression of CAMs, monocyte adhesion, and ROS production induced by TNF-αin HUVECs. SMT treated HUVECs showed upregulation of HO-1 and NO which are responsible for vascular protective action. Our study suggests that SMT, a traditionally used herbal formula, protects the vascular endothelium from inflammation and might be used as a promising vascular protective drug.

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Reduction of Pulmonary Inflammation by pH Modifiers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1051751/v2 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Wei-ping Zeng

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Pathological Feature ◽

Successful Therapy ◽

Mucus Hypersecretion ◽

Adverse Side Effects ◽

New Class ◽

Asthma Model ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Pulmonary inflammation is a common pathological feature of a variety of diseases, ofwhich successful therapy with currently available anti-inflammatory drugs is limited byresistance and adverse side effects. Using the ovalbumin-induced mouse allergic asthma model,the present study shows that treatments with pH modifiers, particularly simple acids such asacetate or hydrochloric acid, effectively depleted inflammatory cells in the lungs and blood aswell as hyperplastic lung tissue cells while preserving the structure of the blood vessels and lungparenchyma. The acid treatments also suppressed mucus hypersecretion. These resultsdemonstrated pH modifiers as a new class of broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agents with antiproliferationand mucus suppression activities.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lasia spinosa Leaf Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21103439 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 3439 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Thanh Q. C. Nguyen ◽

Tran Duy Binh ◽

Tuan L. A. Pham ◽

Yen D. H. Nguyen ◽

Dai Thi Xuan Trang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Related Factor ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites was used as a traditional medicine to treat many inflammatory diseases for centuries. However, its effects on the inflammatory response are not yet characterized. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of L. spinosa leaf extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. We found that ethanol extracts of L. spinosa leaves showed anti-oxidant activity due to the presence of high levels of polyphenolic compounds. Treatment with the leaf extract significantly repressed the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, L. spinosa leaf extract treatment prevented activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway by inhibiting nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα) degradation. Furthermore, the mitogen-activated kinase and phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways were suppressed upon treatment with the leaf extract. In addition to suppressing inflammatory factors, the extract also activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme-oxygenase-1 pathway. We propose that L. spinosa leaf extract has the potential as an effective therapeutic agent for alleviating oxidative stress and excessive inflammation.

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Heme Oxygenase-1, a Key Enzyme for the Cytoprotective Actions of Halophenols by Upregulating Nrf2 Expression via Activating Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt in EA.hy926 Cells

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/7028478 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xiu E. Feng ◽

Tai Gang Liang ◽

Jie Gao ◽

De Peng Kong ◽

Rui Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heme Oxygenase ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Key Enzyme ◽

Ea.Hy926 Cells ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Mechanistic Basis

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key enzyme triggered by cellular stress, exhibiting cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory abilities. Previously, we prepared a series of novel active halophenols possessing strong antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we demonstrated that these halophenols exhibited significant protective effects against H2O2-induced injury in EA.hy926 cells by inhibition of apoptosis and ROS and TNF-αproduction, as well as induction of the upregulation of HO-1, the magnitude of which correlated with their cytoprotective actions. Further experiments which aimed to determine the mechanistic basis of these actions indicated that the halophenols induced the activation of Nrf2, Erk1/2, and PI3K/Akt without obvious effects on the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, or the expression of PKC-δ. This was validated with the use of PD98059 and Wortmannin, specific inhibitors of Erk1/2 and PI3K, respectively. Overall, our study is the first to demonstrate that the cytoprotective actions of halophenols involve their antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory abilities, which are mediated by the upregulation of Nrf2-dependent HO-1 expression and reductions in ROS and TNF-αgeneration via the activation of Erk1/2 and PI3K/Akt in EA.hy926 cells. HO-1 may thus be an important potential target for further research into the cytoprotective actions of halophenols.

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Update on the Role of Cannabinoid Receptors after Ischemic Stroke

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2012/824093 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Luciano S. A. Capettini ◽

Silvia Q. Savergnini ◽

Rafaela F. da Silva ◽

Nikos Stergiopulos ◽

Robson A. S. Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Cannabinoid Receptors ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Receptor Activation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Peripheral Tissues ◽

Transmembrane Receptors ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Cannabinoids are considered as key mediators in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis. In particular, they have been shown to reduce the ischemic injury after acute cardiovascular events, such as acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. These protective and anti-inflammatory properties on peripheral tissues and circulating inflammatory have been demonstrated to involve their binding with both selective cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) transmembrane receptors. On the other hands, the recent discoveries of novel different classes of cannabinoids and receptors have increased the complexity of this system in atherosclerosis. Although only preliminary data have been reported on the activities of novel cannabinoid receptors, several studies have already investigated the role ofCB1andCB2receptors in ischemic stroke. WhileCB1receptor activation has been shown to directly reduce atherosclerotic plaque inflammation, controversial data have been shown on neurotransmission and neuroprotection after stroke. Given its potent anti-inflammatory activities on circulating leukocytes, theCB2activation has been proven to produce protective effects against acute poststroke inflammation. In this paper, we will update evidence on different cannabinoid-triggered avenues to reduce inflammation and neuronal injury in acute ischemic stroke.

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Scutellaria baicalensis Ameliorates Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x17500100 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (01) ◽

pp. 137-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jian-Jung Chen ◽

Chung-Chun Huang ◽

Heng-Yuan Chang ◽

Pei-Ying Li ◽

Yu-Chia Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Injury ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Water Extract ◽

Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Scutellaria baicalensis has been widely used as both a dietary ingredient and traditional herbal medicine in Taiwan to treat inflammation, cancer, and bacterial and viral infections of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. This paper aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of S. baicalensis. In HPLC analysis, the fingerprint chromatogram of the water extract of S. baicalensis (WSB) was established. The anti-inflammatory effects of WSB were inverstigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) in vitro and LPS-induced lung injury in vivo. WSB attenuated the production of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-[Formula: see text], interleukin-[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text], and IL-6 in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with WSB markedly reduced the LPS-induced histological alterations in lung tissues. Furthermore, WSB significantly reduced the number of total cells and the protein concentration levels in the BALF. WSB blocked protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phosphorylation of I[Formula: see text]B-[Formula: see text] protein and MAPKs in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LPS-induce lung injury was also blocked. This study suggests that WSB possesses anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, and the results suggested that WSB may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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HO-1 Is Essential for Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Anti-Inflammation Process in LPS-Treated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/1818575 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Weihua Yu ◽

Xiaodi Zhang ◽

Hao Wu ◽

Qingbiao Zhou ◽

Zhao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽

Polygonum Multiflorum ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

And Function ◽

Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside

2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), an important monomer extracted from Polygonum multiflorum, can prevent a number of inflammation associated chronic diseases. However, the mechanism involved in TSG inducing anti-inflammatory role remains unclear. As an inducible antioxidant enzyme, Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), is crucial for protecting the mammalian cells against adverse stimuli. Here, we found that the TSG treatment strongly induces the expression of HO-1 in an NRF2-depended manner. Meanwhile, TSG increased the mitochondrial mass through upregulation of the mitochondrial biogenesis activators (PGC-1α, NRF1, and TFAM) as well as the mitochondrial complex IV. Furthermore, TSG attenuated Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated RAW264.7 cells activation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Zinc Protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a selective inhibitor of HO-1 activity, was able to attenuate TSG mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and anti-inflammatory process. Finally, we observed that LPS induced obvious mtDNA depletion and ATP deficiency, which indicated a severe damage of mitochondria. TSG restored the LPS induced mitochondrial dysfunction via activation of the mitochondrial biogenesis. ZnPP treatment markedly reversed the inhibitory effects of TSG on mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in LPS stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these findings suggest that TSG enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and function mainly via activation the HO-1. TSG can be developed as a potential drug for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

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