scholarly journals New Developments in Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Automotive Brake Pad Applications and Future Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj ◽  
Rathan Ramesh ◽  
Tharun M. V. Narendhra ◽  
Ishan Nilesh Agarwal ◽  
Utkarsh Chadha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Automotive Brake

The proper functioning of automotive brake pads is of utmost importance to ensure the safety of passengers. Therefore, brake pad materials must be chosen with utmost precision and care to ensure their optimal functioning for long durations. Through a thorough literature review, it is found that the materials used currently for this purpose pose multiple discrepancies. Therefore, it is imperative to shift our focus towards nanomaterials, as they are one of the essential novel materials in this field. This study discusses the multiple constituents used in commercial brake pads, their role in improving and stabilizing their operation, and their desired properties to achieve optimal functioning. Parallelly, this study also reviews some of the potential organic and carbon nanomaterials that could prove to provide tough competition to currently utilized materials for brake pad applications. From this review, the major future commercial brake pad materials obtained include the likes of banana peel powder, crab shell powder, coconut fibers, stark corn fibers, metal oxide composites, metal nitride composites, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and hybrid nanocomposites. These materials are studied on the basis of their performance under high-frictional force applications and analyzed by considering their mechanical, chemical, thermal, and tribological properties. Carbon nanotube-based composites showed improved tribological and braking performances making them more attractive than the materials in commercially available brake pads. In addition to these, the effects of usage of such nanomaterials on the environment and health are reviewed, in order to understand the feasibility of utilization of nanomaterials in automotive brake pad applications. From this analysis, this work suggests that there are a variety of nanomaterials that prove to be capable of automotive brake pad applications and, with further research and technological developments, would prove to be an asset to the automotive brake pad industry.

A retrofit for asbestos-based brake pad employing palm kernel fiber as the base filler material

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (9) ◽  
pp. 1906-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
CH Achebe ◽  
JL Chukwuneke ◽  
FA Anene ◽  
CM Ewulonu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Automotive Brake

The development of automobile brake pad using locally sourced palm kernel fiber was carried out. Asbestos, a carcinogenic material, has been used for decades as a friction material. This development has thus prompted a couple of research efforts geared towards its replacement for brake pad manufacture. Palm kernel fiber was used as an alternative filler material in conjunction with various quantities of epoxy resin as the matrix. Three sets of compositions were made, and the resulting specimens subjected to physical and mechanical tests using standard materials, procedures, and equipment. The essence is to determine their suitability and hence possible performance in service. The result showed that sample C with 40% palm kernel fiber content having hardness, compressive strength, abrasion resistance, specific gravity, water absorption, and oil absorption of 178 MPa, 96.2 MPa, 1.67 mg/m, 1.8 g/cm3, 1.86%, and 0.89%, respectively, had an optimum performance rating. It was equally ascertained that increase in the filler content had the effect of increase in hardness, wear resistance, and specific gravity of the composite brake pad, while water and oil absorption got decreased when compared with results obtained by other researchers using conventional brake pads made of other friction materials including asbestos. This is an indicator that palm kernel fiber is a possible and effective retrofit for asbestos as a filler material in automotive brake pad manufacture.

The effect of boron on the performance of automotive brake

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muzathik ◽  
Y. Nizam ◽  
M. Ahmad ◽  
W. Nik
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Brake Performance ◽  
Single Material ◽  
Automotive Brake

Friction material in an automotive brake system plays an important role for effective and safe brake performance. A single material has never been sufficient to solve performance related issues. Current research aimed to examine properties of Boron mixed brake pads by comparing them with the commercial brake pads. Friction coefficient of Boron mixed brake pads and commercial brake pads were significantly different and increased with the increase in surface roughness. The abrupt reduction of friction coefficient is more significant in commercial brake pad samples than in Boron mixed brake pad formulations. Fade occurred in commercial brake pad sample at lower temperatures. Boron formulations are more stable than their commercial counterparts.

Characterization of Commercial Automotive Brake Pad Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Eko Surojo ◽  
Wijang Wisnu Raharjo ◽  
Jamasri ◽  
Aditya Utama
Keyword(s):  
Spare Part ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Friction Testing ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Automotive Parts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metallic Filler ◽  
Automotive Brake

In automotive parts market, there are two classes of commercial brake pad that are original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and aftermarket (Non-OEM spare part). In manufacturing of commercial brake pad materials, the difference of ingredient or concentration used is important because of differences in characteristics and cost. It is well known that the OEM brake pads are more expensive than the Non-OEM brake pads. In this study, the OEM and the Non-OEM of passenger car brake pad were evaluated in order to obtain a comparison of friction characteristics, composition, and microstructure between them. The OEM and the Non-OEM brake pad were purchased, cut out to form specimen, and then evaluated to obtain material characteristics. Specimens were subjected to friction testing using pin on disc machine and microstructure examinations. The results show that the OEM brake pad material has lower and more stable in coefficient of friction than the Non-OEM brake pad material. The OEM brake pad material also has more wear resistance than the Non-OEM brake pad material. Examinations using SEM/EDS show that the OEM brake pad material contains metallic fillers that are Cu and Fe, on the other hand, the Non-OEM brake pad material does not contain metallic filler. The Non-OEM brake pad material uses asbestos as reinforcement.

Effect of Pressing Pressure on Density and Hardness of Powder Miscanthus Reinforced Brake Pads

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Unaldi ◽  
Recai Kus
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Density ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Moulding Pressure ◽  
Automotive Brake

The aim of this paper is to develop new natural fibre reinforced for automotive brake pad application. For this purpose, new brake pad sampleswere produced using Miscanthus as reinforcement ingredient. The other ingredients are Cashew, Alumina, Phenolic Resin, and Calcite. Three different laboratory formulations were prepared with varying Miscanthus fibre contents from 10, 25, and 40 (wt) and these formulations were moulded four different moulding pressure values such as 50, 100, 200, and 300 MPa. Sieve analysis, density, apparent density, and hardness properties of brake pad samples produced are examined.

Evaluation of natural fibers for the production of automotive brake pads replacement for asbestos brake pad

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Paramasivam ◽  
Jeya Jeevahan Jayaraj ◽  
Kumarasubramanian Ramar ◽  
Yuvaraja Subramani ◽  
K. Ajithkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Automotive Brake

scholarly journals Development of Asbestos-free Brake Pads Using Bamboo Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-351
Author(s):  
N. O. Adekunle ◽  
K. A. Oladejo ◽  
S. I. Kuye ◽  
A. D. Aikulola
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
Steel Dust ◽  
Automotive Brake

Asbestos-based brake pads are not desirable due to the carcinogenic nature of asbestos. Organic asbestos-free brake automotive brake pad produced from bamboo leaves was evaluated in this study. Ground bamboo leaves were sieved into sieve grades of 100, 200, and 350 μm. The sieved bamboo leaves particles were then combined with 15 % steel dust, 10% graphite, 20% resin, Silicon Carbide varied five (5) times between 35-55 % and 0-20% respectively for each sieve grade to make brake pads of different ratios. The mechanical properties (hardness, compressive strength, density, porosity, wear rate, and flame resistance) of the produced samples were investigated. The results showed that the finer the particle size of the bamboo leaves, the better the mechanical properties of the produced samples. The results of this work when compared with those of the commercial (asbestos based) brake pad showed they were in close agreement except for the wear rate and porosity property. Therefore, bamboo leaves could be used in the production of asbestos free brake pads if the wear rate and porosity properties of the produced samples could be improved.

Wear behavior of rice straw powder in automotive brake pads

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-461
Author(s):  
İbrahim Mutlu ◽  
Ahmet Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Automotive Brake

Abstract This paper investigates the use of rice straw powder in a brake pad as a substitute for asbestos which is a carcinogenic with detrimental effects on health. Rice straw powder was used as a novel material in a brake pad. Rice straw powder has a silica content which gives the pad a c eramic-like action. Rice straws were ground after drying in order to produce the powder. Five laboratory varieties were produced, altering the rice straw powder ingredients from 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.-%, respectively added to other abrasive materials, binder, friction modifiers, solid lubricant, and filler material utilizing conventional techniques. In this study, the friction surface temperature, the wear amount, and the change of the friction coefficient were determined. Additionally, the microstructure specifications of the brake pads were determined using scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results showed that a 15 wt.-% fraction of rice straw powder yielded better wear and thermo-mechanical features as compared with other combinations. The micro-structure shows a uniform distribution of the rice straw powder in the matrix. Hence, rice straw powder can be a possible candidate friction material for producing non-asbestos new brake pad without any detrimental impact.

The effect of reduced contact area on the occurrence of disc brake squeals for an automotive brake pad

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Bergman ◽  
M Eriksson ◽  
S Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Contact Length ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Trailing Edges ◽  
Squeal Noise ◽  
Automotive Brake

Three sets of brake pads were subjected to a series of squeal tests. The pad area in contact with the brake disc was successively reduced down to 50 per cent of the original by removal of friction material either at the leading and trailing edges, at the outer and inner edges or spotwise removal of interior area by drilling. The pad surface geometry strongly affected the occurrence of brake squeals, with a significant reduction for all three pads with 50 per cent contact area. However, the average squeal noise level seems to be controlled by the pad contact length in the sliding direction.

Production of Asbestos-free Brake Pad Using Groundnut Shell as Filler Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Solomon ◽  
M. T. Lilly ◽  
J. I. Sodiki
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
The Cost

The development and evaluation of brake pads using groundnut shell (GS) particles as substitute material for asbestos were carried out in this study. This was with a view to harnessing the properties of GS, which is largely deposited as waste, and in replacing asbestos which is carcinogenic in nature despite its good tribological and mechanical properties. Two sets of composite material were developed using varying particle sizes of GS as filler material, with phenolic resin as binder with percentage compositions of 45% and 50% respectively. Results obtained indicate that the compressive strength and density increase as the sieve size of the filler material decreases, while water and oil absorption rates increase with an increase in sieve size of GS particle. This study also indicates that the cost of producing brake pad can be reduced by 19.14 percent if GS is use as filler material in producing brake pad. The results when compared with those of asbestos and industrial waste showed that GS particle can be used as an effective replacement for asbestos in producing automobile brake pad. Unlike asbestos, GS-based brake pads are environmental friendly, biodegradable and cost effective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document