scholarly journals Photobiomodulation: An Effective Approach to Enhance Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Osteoblasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Daniella Da Silva ◽  
Anine Crous ◽  
Heidi Abrahamse
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Nonthermal Treatment ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation

Osteoporosis is regarded as the most common chronic metabolic bone condition in humans. In osteoporosis, bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have reduced cellular function. Regenerative medicine using adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation can promote the growth and strength of new bones, improve bone stability, and reduce the risk of fractures. Various methods have been attempted to differentiate ADSCs to functioning specialized cells for prospective clinical application. However, commonly used therapies have resulted in damage to the donor site and morbidity, immune reactions, carcinogenic generation, and postoperative difficulties. Photobiomodulation (PBM) improves ADSC differentiation and proliferation along with reducing clinical difficulties such as treatment failures to common drug therapies and late initiation of treatment. PBM is a noninvasive, nonthermal treatment that encourages cells to produce more energy and to undergo self-repair by using visible green and red and invisible near-infrared (NIR) radiation. The use of PBM for ADSC proliferation and differentiation has been widely studied with multiple outcomes observed due to laser fluence and wavelength dependence. In this article, the potential for differentiating ADSCs into osteoblasts and the various methods used, including biological induction, chemical induction, and PBM, will be addressed. Likewise, the optimal laser parameters that could improve the proliferation and differentiation of ADSC, translating into clinical success, will be commented on.

scholarly journals Titanium discs coated with 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine promote osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 9117-9125
Author(s):  
Ting Ma ◽  
Xi-Yuan Ge ◽  
Ke-Yi Hao ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
Yan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

Titanium discs with simple 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine coating enhanced BM-MSC adhesion, spreading, proliferation and differentiation, and upregulated expression of genes involved in focal adhesion in vitro.

scholarly journals Human Fetal Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote the Proliferation and Differentiation of Pancreatic Progenitor Cells and the Engraftment Function of Islet-Like Cell Clusters

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4083
Author(s):  
Xing Yu Li ◽  
Shang Ying Wu ◽  
Po Sing Leung
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Progenitor ◽  
Pancreatic Progenitor Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation

Pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs) are the primary source for all pancreatic cells, including beta-cells, and thus the proliferation and differentiation of PPCs into islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) opens an avenue to providing transplantable islets for diabetic patients. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance the development and function of different cell types of interest, but their role on PPCs remains unknown. We aimed to explore the mechanism-of-action whereby MSCs induce the in vitro and in vivo PPC/ICC development by means of our established co-culture system of human PPCs with human fetal bone marrow-derived MSCs. We examined the effect of MSC-conditioned medium on PPC proliferation and survival. Meanwhile, we studied the effect of MSC co-culture enhanced PPC/ICC function in vitro and in vivo co-/transplantation. Furthermore, we identified IGF1 as a critical factor responsible for the MSC effects on PPC differentiation and proliferation via IGF1-PI3K/Akt and IGF1-MEK/ERK1/2, respectively. In conclusion, our data indicate that MSCs stimulated the differentiation and proliferation of human PPCs via IGF1 signaling, and more importantly, promoted the in vivo engraftment function of ICCs. Taken together, our protocol may provide a mechanism-driven basis for the proliferation and differentiation of PPCs into clinically transplantable islets.

scholarly journals Erythropoietin-induced stimulation of differentiation and proliferation in J2E cells is not mimicked by chemical induction

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Busfield ◽  
SP Klinken
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Erythroid Cell ◽  
Chemical Induction ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Physiologic Stimulus

The J2E cell line is a novel erythroid cell line that differentiates in response to erythropoietin (Epo), the physiologic stimulus for erythropoiesis. After exposure to Epo, the cells synthesize hemoglobin, and we show here that this process is tightly linked to increases in cellular proliferation and DNA synthesis. The hormone-induced terminal differentiation also results in morphologic alterations and the accumulation of transcripts for alpha, beta maj, and beta min globins. c-myc messenger RNA levels increase rapidly after exposure to Epo and precede the increase in cell division, while c-myb undergoes a transient decrease. Differentiation of J2E cells can also be achieved with sodium butyrate, but, in contrast with Epo, this is associated with a retardation of replication and a sudden decrease in c-myc levels. These results show that, in this system, chemically induced differentiation differs from terminal maturation promoted by Epo and that the processes of proliferation and differentiation in J2E cells can be uncoupled.

scholarly journals Improved Osteogenesis by Mineralization Combined With Double-Crosslinked Hydrogel Coating for Proliferation and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqun Ma ◽  
Yuwang You ◽  
Lu Cao ◽  
Bing Liang ◽  
Bo Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Surface Coatings ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Functional Coating ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Osteoblast Lineage ◽  
Bilayer Coatings

In consideration of improving the interface problems of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) that hindered biomedical use, surface coatings have been explored as an appealing strategy in establishing a multi-functional coating for osteogenesis. Though the layer-by-layer (LBL) coating developed, a few studies have applied double-crosslinked hydrogels in this technique. In this research, we established a bilayer coating with double-crosslinked hydrogels [alginate–gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)] containing bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-2 [alginate-GelMA/hydroxyapatite (HA)/BMP-2], which displayed great biocompatibility and osteogenesis. The characterization of the coating showed improved properties and enhanced wettability of the native PLLA. To evaluate the biosafety and inductive ability of osteogenesis, the behavior (viability, adherence, and proliferation) and morphology of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on the bilayer coatings were tested by multiple exams. The satisfactory function of osteogenesis was verified in bilayer coatings. We found the best ratios between GelMA and alginate for biological applications. The Alg70-Gel30 and Alg50-Gel50 groups facilitated the osteogenic transformation of hBMSCs. In brief, alginate-GelMA/HA/BMP-2 could increase the hBMSCs’ early transformation of osteoblast lineage and promote the osteogenesis of bone defect, especially the outer hydrogel layer such as Alg70-Gel30 and Alg50-Gel50.

scholarly journals Stem Cell Technology in Regenerative Medicines and Cancer Treatment: Towards Revolution in Clinical Success

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mukheed ◽  
◽  
Alisha Khan ◽  
Husnain Karim Riaz ◽  
Irfan S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicines ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation

Stem cells are undifferentiated, immature, and unspecialized cells having huge potential for differentiation and proliferation into the specialized functionalized cells. More recently, CSC has been described in breast cancer and brain tumors where they make up as few as 1% of the cells in a tumor. The features of cancer stem cells are just like normal stem cells but their replication rate many times faster than normal cells. Regenerative medicines are based on stem cells, are potentially useful to regenerate damaged cells, tissues, organs and replace cancer cells with normal cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells are the most important candidates for regenerative medicines, tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, and 3D printing. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have a tumorinitiating capacity and play crucial roles in tumor metastasis, relapse and chemo/ radioresistance. Because CSCs are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and cause recurrence of cancer and also have the ability to be regenerated; they can cause serious problems in the treatment of various cancers. Numerous biocompatible biomaterials, miRNAs, nanomaterial, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are uses to reprograms stem cells into regenerative medicines for the treatment of cancer. The present paper describes the applications and importance of stem cells in regenerative medicines, cancer stem cells targeting therapies, and the role of miRNAs in cancer stem cells targeting.

scholarly journals Hsa_circ_0066523 promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells by repressing PTEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 526-535
Author(s):  
Wei Xin ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Qirong Qian ◽  
Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

Aims Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of non-coding RNA that plays major roles in the development of diverse diseases including osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Here, we explored the impact of hsa_circ_0066523 derived from forkhead box P1 (FOXP1) (also called circFOXP1) on bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which is important for ONFH development. Methods RNA or protein expression in BMSCs was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot, respectively. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) were used to analyze cell proliferation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, ALP staining, and Alizarin Red S staining were employed to evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), luciferase reporter, RNA pull down, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were combined for exploring molecular associations. Results Circ_0066523 was upregulated in osteogenic induction process of BMSCs. Silencing circ_0066523 restrained the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Mechanistically, circ_0066523 activated phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase / AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (PI3K/AKT) pathway via recruiting lysine demethylase 5B (KDM5B) to epigenetically repress the transcription of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Functionally, AKT signalling pathway agonist or PTEN knockdown counteracted the effects of silenced circ_0066523 on BMSC proliferation and differentiation. Conclusion Circ_0066523 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs by epigenetically repressing PTEN and therefore activating AKT pathway. This finding might open new avenues for the identification of therapeutic targets for osteoblast differentiation related diseases such as ONFH. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):526–535.

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