scholarly journals Impact of Negative Symptom Domains and Other Clinical Characteristics on Functional Outcomes in Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hiroki Okada ◽  
Dsisuke Hirano ◽  
Takamichi Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia have generally been defined using five factors; however, few studies have examined the relationship between these five factors and functional outcomes. In addition, there is no definitive conclusion regarding the association between negative symptoms and various aspects of functional outcomes (daily living, social, and vocational). This study is aimed at examining the relationship between these five domains of negative symptoms and different functional outcomes. Patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia ( n = 100 ) were selected for the evaluation. We used the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale to assess positive symptoms, the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale to assess cognition, and the Evaluative Beliefs Scale (negative self-assessment) to assess psychological factors. We analyzed their relative impact on Social Functioning Scale domains using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Concerning the relationship between daily living and negative symptoms, cognitive function showed the highest association with residential outcomes, such as self-care and shopping, while avolition appeared to show an additional contribution; however, for recreational outcomes, avolition showed the main association, whereas cognitive function showed no additional contribution. For social outcomes, asociality and negative self-assessment showed the main associations, while vocational outcomes were determined by both cognitive function and multiple negative symptoms, such as avolition, anhedonia, asociality, and alogia. Since negative symptom domains appear to differentially impact each outcome, specifically daily living outcome, it is important to evaluate the residential outcomes and recreational outcomes separately. Overall, the present study points to the importance of formulating psychosocial treatment strategies specific for each type of preferred outcome in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals F83. INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEGATIVE SYMPTOM PROFILE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S252-S252
Author(s):  
Caitlin Yolland ◽  
Wei Lin Toh ◽  
Eric Tan ◽  
Caroline Gurvich ◽  
Erica Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between negative symptom subdomains and cognition

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2169-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lim ◽  
S.-A. Lee ◽  
M. Lam ◽  
A. Rapisarda ◽  
M. Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundNegative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are partially overlapping. However, the nature of the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition remains equivocal. Recent reviews have demonstrated the presence of two negative symptom subdomains, diminished emotional expression (DEE) and avolition. In view of this, we sought to clarify the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive domains.MethodA total of 687 participants with schizophrenia were assessed on measures of psychopathology and cognition. Three cognitive factors, namely executive function, fluency/memory and speed/vigilance were computed from the cognitive tests. Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to examine if a one-factor or two-factor negative model was applicable to our sample. Subsequently, the relationships between negative symptoms and cognition were examined using structural equation modeling.ResultsResults demonstrated that the two-factor model fitted the data well. While negative symptoms were mildly to moderately associated with cognition, we found that DEE had unique associations with cognition compared to social avolition, contributing to the validity of the constructs and suggesting the possibility of common underlying substrates in negative symptoms and cognition.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the need to classify DEE and social avolition separately as both are necessary in refining the complex relationship between negative symptoms and cognition as well as potentially guiding treatment and management of schizophrenia.

Assessment by Relatives of Elderly Patients with Psychiatric Illness

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rozenbilds ◽  
R. D. Goldney ◽  
P. N. Gilchrist ◽  
E. Martin ◽  
H. Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Rating Instrument ◽  
Geriatric Evaluation

Participation of relatives to provide clinical information on psychiatric patients is frequently under-utilized resulting in valuable data being bypassed. In an attempt to formalise the gathering of data from relatives we used the Geriatric Evaluation by Relatives Rating Instrument (GERRI), a 49-statement questionnaire in which the relative rates the patient's behaviour in terms of frequency of occurrence, The information obtained from relatives was then compared with that obtained from other forms of patient-assessment—the London Psychogeriatric Rating Scale completed by nursing staff, the Minimental State Screening Test and the Visual Analogue Scale for Depression completed by the patient, and the Activities of Daily Living Instrument completed by the occupational therapist. These instruments were chosen as being valid and reliable procedures with which to compare the GERRI. Subjects were 100 patients aged 65 yr. and over who were admitted consecutively to a psychogeriatric unit in a large psychiatric hospital. Significant correlations between relatives' assessment of cognitive and social function and those completed by the patients and other staff were noted. The relatives' assessment of the patients' mood, however, did not correlate with the patients' self-assessment of mood, suggesting that depression in the elderly may be “masked.”

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DURATION OF UNTREATED PSYCHOSIS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS USING MODIFIED SCORS (SCHIZOPHRENIA COGNITION RATING SCALE) IN SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS IN SAIFUL ANWAR GENERAL HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Dearisa Yudhantara ◽  
◽  
Laksmi Muliawati ◽  
Zamroni Afif ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Variable Duration ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Mental health is a significant health problem in the world, including Indonesia. Lack of understanding and concern for the community, limitations and unequal distribution of mental health service provider also contribute to obstacles to increase public understanding and concern for mental health. This problem will give an impact on the difficulty of patients in accessing care and treatment. The emergence of the phenomenon of Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP) or untreated psychosis in society contributes to the worsening of the disease course of schizophrenic patients. One of the main clinical manifestations seen in schizophrenic patients is a decline in cognitive function. SCoRS is present as an easy and effective instrument in quantitatively measuring cognitive function. In the study used a modified SCoRS instrument that was more adapted to Indonesian’s culture. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the duration of untreated psychosis and cognitive function using modified SCoRS, especially in schizophrenic patients at Saiful Anwar General Hospital. The research method used observational analytic with cross-sectional approach. Selection of research subjects based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then do the appropriate history taking and psychiatric examination. Correlation analysis using Spearman to determine the relationship of variable duration of psychosis without therapy and cognitive function assessed using SCoRS modification (p <0.05). The results prove that there is a significant relationship between the variable duration of therapy without therapy and cognitive function variables assessed using SCoRS modification with a weak correlation level (correlation coefficient 0.340).

scholarly journals The Mediating Effect of Depression on the Relationship between Cognitive Function and the Activities of Daily Living in Post-stroke Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Kim ◽  
Hwee Wee
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship between cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) in addition to the mediating effect exerted by depression on this relationship in post-stroke patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 182 patients were recruited from two general and three geriatric hospitals in South Korea between July 2017 and June 2018. Cognitive function, depression, and ADL measures were assessed after informed consent was obtained. Data obtained were analyzed using multiple regression and a simple mediation model that applies the PROCESS macro with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval (5,000 bootstrap resampling).Results: The covariates were sex, age, educational level, types of paralysis, and type of hospital. After controlling for the demographic covariates, cognitive function significantly accounted for the variance of ADL. It was also demonstrated that depression partially mediated the relationship between cognitive function and ADL in post-stroke patients.Conclusion: Cognitive function directly influences the ADL in post-stroke patients and indirectly influences it through depression. This suggests that strategies for improving depression in post-stroke patients should be considered while managing cognitive functioning for improving the ADL.

scholarly journals M119. DECONSTRUCTING PSYCHOSIS AND CROSS-VALIDATING THE R-PAS VARIABLES TARGETING ITS CONSTRUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S180-S180
Author(s):  
Kirsten Buckingham ◽  
Gregory J Meyer ◽  
Emily T O’Gorman ◽  
Joni L Mihura
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Traditional Measure ◽  
Reality Testing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Consistent with the contemporary literature that psychosis constructs are best represented as continuous syndromes, this study aims to determine if dimensional psychosis measures outperform traditional categorical measures, thereby improving detection of symptom severity. The Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) contains meta-analytically supported internationally normed scales for assessing disordered thinking and reality testing that have been replicated in many countries. Given the literature trend of utilizing a dimensional approach when assessing psychosis, a dimensional R-PAS scale for assessing disordered thinking was recently developed. Therefore, it is important to determine if this new measure outperforms the traditional measure. We also attempt to replicate recent research by deconstructing the key components of psychosis (e.g., disorganized thinking, hallucinations, and negative symptoms) and evaluating the validity of the R-PAS measures designed to assess these constructs. Methods Our study uses an archival clinical sample of 70 male inpatients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and major depressive disorder (Mean age = 41.9, Range 20 to 63) that were collected as part of an IRB-approved research project. Two trained diagnosticians independently interviewed the patients using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) and blindly assigned diagnoses as well as Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) ratings. Interrater reliability of their ratings using ICCs will be computed. The Rorschach was administered and relevant R-PAS variables were scored by trained research assistants. The new R-PAS dimensional measure of disorganized thinking (SPCT) will be coded by the first author, and a subset of protocols will be blindly coded by the third author. Interrater reliability will be computed for all variables. Results First, we will conduct correlational analyses to test the relationship between clinician ratings of disorganized thinking (on the BPRS Conceptual Disorganization and relevant SCID criteria) and the traditional measure of disorganized thinking on R-PAS (WSumCog). We will then use hierarchical regression analyses to determine whether the new dimensionalized measure of disorganized thinking (SPCT) provides incremental prediction of the clinician ratings of disorganized thinking on the BPRS and SCID-P over the traditional R-PAS measure (WSumCog). To replicate previous research, we will test the relationship between negative symptom ratings (on the BPRS and SCID) and R-PAS measures of behavioral, perceptual, and emotional task engagement (Complexity & FQ-%). Further, we anticipate that clinician ratings of delusions (on the BPRS and the SCID) will correlate with R-PAS measures of inaccurate understanding of human intention and action (M-) and illogical thinking (SPCT Illogical Thinking subscale). Lastly, we use correlational analyses to test the relationship between clinician ratings of hallucinations (on the BPRS and SCID) and an R-PAS measure of visual misperceptions (FQ-%). Discussion Implications of this research provide additional validation for assessing key components of psychosis with a standardized internationally normed measure. Psychosis components (e.g., poor reality testing) limit the accuracy of patients’ self-reported symptoms and inflate rates of misdiagnosis; these R-PAS measures provide a framework for clinicians to behaviorally assess symptoms on a continuum ranging from nonclinical to severe psychosis-level disturbance. This research will aid in more accurate symptom assessment, thereby improving prognosis and treatment planning.

"Predictors of Negative Symptom Domains in Outpatients with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study"

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Octavia Căpățână ◽  
Mihaela Fadgyas Stănculete ◽  
Ioana Micluția
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Domains ◽  
The Relationship

"Background: Current research suggests that negative symptoms may not be a unitary construct. Factor analytic studies typically found evidence for a two-factor solution of the negative symptom domain: the expressive and the volitional deficit. This study aimed to investigate whether the two-factor solution of negative symptoms is supported across different instruments of evaluation: PANSS and NSA-16 in outpatients with schizophrenia and to explore the relationship between these domains and sociodemographic, clinical, and metabolic outcomes, routinely assessed in daily practice.Another aim was to determine clinical predictors of negative symptoms domains among these variables. Materials and methods: 107 patients with schizophrenia were included in this cross-sectional study. The Principal Component Analysis was used to identify negative symptom domains and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between the negative symptom domains and clinical variables. Results: PCA indicated a two-component solution explaining 85.2% of the variance for the NSA-16 subscales, reflecting an expressive deficit and an experiential deficit component. Age of onset of the disease and the cognitive deficit were significant predictors of the expressive deficit , body mass index and the number of admissions in the hospital for the experiential deficit. Conclusions: The current findings indicate that the expressive deficit and the experiential deficit should be considered as distinct domains of the psychopathology and should be rated separately"

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