Assessment by Relatives of Elderly Patients with Psychiatric Illness

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rozenbilds ◽  
R. D. Goldney ◽  
P. N. Gilchrist ◽  
E. Martin ◽  
H. Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Rating Instrument ◽  
Geriatric Evaluation

Participation of relatives to provide clinical information on psychiatric patients is frequently under-utilized resulting in valuable data being bypassed. In an attempt to formalise the gathering of data from relatives we used the Geriatric Evaluation by Relatives Rating Instrument (GERRI), a 49-statement questionnaire in which the relative rates the patient's behaviour in terms of frequency of occurrence, The information obtained from relatives was then compared with that obtained from other forms of patient-assessment—the London Psychogeriatric Rating Scale completed by nursing staff, the Minimental State Screening Test and the Visual Analogue Scale for Depression completed by the patient, and the Activities of Daily Living Instrument completed by the occupational therapist. These instruments were chosen as being valid and reliable procedures with which to compare the GERRI. Subjects were 100 patients aged 65 yr. and over who were admitted consecutively to a psychogeriatric unit in a large psychiatric hospital. Significant correlations between relatives' assessment of cognitive and social function and those completed by the patients and other staff were noted. The relatives' assessment of the patients' mood, however, did not correlate with the patients' self-assessment of mood, suggesting that depression in the elderly may be “masked.”

Scales for Mental State and Daily Living Activities for the Elderly: Clinical Behavioral Scales for Assessing Demented Patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Nishimura ◽  
Toshiko Kobayashi ◽  
Shiro Hariguchi ◽  
Masatoshi Takeda ◽  
Tomoko Fukunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Moderate Dementia

In the diagnosis, treatment, and care of dementia patients in the senile stage, comprehensive evaluation of ability in daily life and mental function is needed. Using a simple behavioral rating scale for the mental states (NM scale) and activities of daily living (N-ADL) of the elderly, we evaluated 250 elderly subjects. According to the NM scale, the scores for subjects in whom the severity was clinically diagnosed were as follows: normal, 50–48; borderline, 47–43; mild dementia, 42–31; moderate dementia, 30–17; and severe dementia, 16–0. Screening for dementia and determining its severity were readily accomplished using the NM scale, and basic activities in the daily life of the elderly could be evaluated effectively using the N-ADL. There was a significant correlation (r=0.863) between the Hasegawa dementia scale and the NM scale (p<0.001), a significant correlation (r=−0.947) between intellectual function scores of the GBS scale and the NM scale, and a significant correlation (r=0.944) between motor function score of the GBS scale and the N-ADL score. Evaluations of daily life activities can be made not only by psychiatrists and clinical psychologists, but by nonspecialists as well, because they are based on data obtained by observation of daily life behaviors; thus, assessment is appropriate both in clinical settings and in places of living.

scholarly journals Effect of multimodal interventions on pain and activities of daily living among the elderly with osteoarthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Shyam Das ◽  
Kavitha Chandran C
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of multimodal interventions on pain and activities of daily living among the elderly with         knee osteoarthritis attending Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation OPD at General Hospital Alappuzha,Kerala. Objectives were to assess the level of joint pain in elderly with knee osteoarthritis, to assess the ability of elderly to perform activities of daily living, to evaluate the effect of multimodal interventions on pain and activities of daily living of elderly with knee osteoarthritis and to find out association between multimodal interventions and analgesic usage. The investigator adopted quantitative experimental approach for the study and research design was quasi experimental non equivalent control group design. The sample size was 74 elderly patients diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis selected using purposive sampling technique. A structured interview schedule was used to assess the socio personal and clinical data; pain and activities of daily living were assessed by numerical pain rating scale and Katz index respectively. Routine care was given to control group, while the experimental group underwent multimodal interventions which included educational session, isometric exercises and moist heat application for three weeks along with routine care. After three weeks, post-test was done in both groups. The findings revealed that there was a significant reduction in pain (P<0.001), improvement in activities of daily living (P<0.001) and also reduction in frequency of analgesic intake (p< 0.001) among elderly with knee osteoarthritis.

Development and Validation of the Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument (Gerri)

1983 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-488E ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerri E. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Rating Instrument ◽  
Geriatric Evaluation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Mental Decline

Because significant others have a unique perspective on a patient's behavior, they can provide information useful in geriatric psychopharmacology. The Geriatric Evaluation of Relative's Rating Instrument (GERRI) is a rating scale for significant others to be used in elderly outpatients who show symptoms of mental decline. This scale covers cognitive and social functioning, mood, and somatic functioning. Items are short sentences designed to assess the frequency of typical behavioral disturbances and complaints. Inter-rater reliability, internal consistency of the scale, and validity are discussed.

scholarly journals Relation of chair rising ability to activities of daily living and physical activity in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mon S. Bryant ◽  
Gu Eon Kang ◽  
Elizabeth J. Protas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Many persons living with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have difficulty rising from a chair. Impaired ability to perform the chair rise may be associated with low physical activity levels and reduced ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Methods Cross-sectional analysis was performed in 88 persons with PD to study the association of chair rising ability with ADL and physical activity. Results We found that the participants who pushed themselves up from the chair had more severe PD, higher motor impairment and more comorbidity than those who rose from a chair normally. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale ADL (UPDRS-ADL), Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale (SE-ADL) and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) scores for the participants who pushed themselves up to rise (17.20 ± 7.53; 76.67 ± 13.23; 46.18 ± 52.64, respectively) were significantly poorer than for those who rose normally (10.35 ± 3.79; 87.64 ± 8.30; 112.90 ± 61.40, respectively) (all p < .05). Additionally, PASE scores were significantly poorer for participants who pushed themselves up to rise compared to those who rose slowly (95.21 ± 60.27) (p < .01). Pushing up to rise from a chair was a significant predictor of UPDRS-ADL (β = .357; p < .001; R2 = .403), SE-ADL (β = −.266; p = .009; R2 = .257) and PASE (β = −.250; p = .016; R2 = .162). Conclusions Ability to rise from a chair was associated with ADL limitation and physical activity in persons with PD. Poor ability to rise from a chair may prevent persons from living independently and engaging in physical activity.

Resettlement of Old Long-Stay Psychiatric Patients: the use of the Private Sector

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Perkins ◽  
Sylvia A. King ◽  
Julie A. Hollyman
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Behaviour Rating ◽  
Safety Features

A follow-up study of 17 old long-stay psychiatric patients resettled in private facilities for the elderly is reported. Resident satisfaction with the placement and functioning (using the CAPE Behaviour Rating Scale) was assessed, together with the quality of the physical and social environment, and the regime characteristics in the establishments. All residents were satisfied with life and their functioning had improved significantly. The private facilities were more resident-orientated, and had a generally superior social environment to their local authority ‘old people's home’ counterparts. The physical amenities, safety features, and architectural choice available were of a similar standard to those in local authority old people's homes, but there were fewer prosthetic and orientational aids and on-site recreational amenities.

scholarly journals Impact of Negative Symptom Domains and Other Clinical Characteristics on Functional Outcomes in Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hiroki Okada ◽  
Dsisuke Hirano ◽  
Takamichi Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Negative Symptom ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia have generally been defined using five factors; however, few studies have examined the relationship between these five factors and functional outcomes. In addition, there is no definitive conclusion regarding the association between negative symptoms and various aspects of functional outcomes (daily living, social, and vocational). This study is aimed at examining the relationship between these five domains of negative symptoms and different functional outcomes. Patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia ( n = 100 ) were selected for the evaluation. We used the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale to assess positive symptoms, the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale to assess cognition, and the Evaluative Beliefs Scale (negative self-assessment) to assess psychological factors. We analyzed their relative impact on Social Functioning Scale domains using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Concerning the relationship between daily living and negative symptoms, cognitive function showed the highest association with residential outcomes, such as self-care and shopping, while avolition appeared to show an additional contribution; however, for recreational outcomes, avolition showed the main association, whereas cognitive function showed no additional contribution. For social outcomes, asociality and negative self-assessment showed the main associations, while vocational outcomes were determined by both cognitive function and multiple negative symptoms, such as avolition, anhedonia, asociality, and alogia. Since negative symptom domains appear to differentially impact each outcome, specifically daily living outcome, it is important to evaluate the residential outcomes and recreational outcomes separately. Overall, the present study points to the importance of formulating psychosocial treatment strategies specific for each type of preferred outcome in patients with schizophrenia.

Validity of the Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR)

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Pezzuti ◽  
Caterina Laicardi ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Behavior Assessment ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
State Examination

Summary: An Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR), updating the GERRI ( Schwartz, 1983 ), was administered to relatives (or significant others) of 349 elderly persons, from 60 to over 80 years of age, living at home, in good health and without cognitive impairment. A trained psychologist administered subjects the Life Satisfaction for Elderly Scale (LSES), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and personally answered to an overall elderly behavior rating scale (RA). EBAR items were first examined. The more attractive and less discriminative statements were excluded. A principal components analysis was carried out on the remaining EBAR items. Three factors were extracted. After varimax rotation they were tentatively labeled: Everyday Cognitive Functioning, Depression, and Hostility. Factor-driven EBAR subscales were designed, taking into account simpler items in the factor matrix. Results provide evidence for EBAR construct validity. Everyday Cognitive Functioning is connected to the IADL and the RA scores; Depression is very highly related to the LSES; Hostility is weakly related to RA, IADL, and MMSE, indicating that the scale needs further investigation.

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