scholarly journals Analysis of Sports Knee Fractures Based on X-Ray and Computed Tomography Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bo Cui ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Shuxiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Patella Fractures ◽  
Diagnosis Rate ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Free Body

Objective. To analyse the X-ray and computed tomography (CT) findings of 128 patients with sports-related knee fractures and to improve the diagnosis rate based on the existing methods of diagnosis of sports knee fractures on X-ray and CT images. Method. In this study, we retrospectively analyse the medical records of 128 cases of sports-related fractures in the hospital, analyse the results of X-ray examination and CT imaging of patients with sports knee fractures, and compare the results obtained by the two examination methods, while referring to MRI images performed. Results. CT examination of knee fractures, tibial plateau fractures, and knee joint free body results were compared with X-ray results ( P < 0.05 ), while CT examination of patella fractures and X-ray results were compared. The difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. For imaging examination of knee fractures, a single ordinary X-ray or CT scan should be selected according to the specific situation of the patient. For patients with suspected unstable fractures, when the patient’s informed consent and the condition are not allowed, ordinary X-ray film combined with CT examination is used to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and avoid the existence of hidden fractures, resulting in medical accidents.

Application of CT Image in Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-872
Author(s):  
Yulei Wan ◽  
Jiwei Xiao ◽  
Dawei Wang ◽  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Spiral Ct ◽  
Clinical Classification ◽  
Basal Segment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
The Difference

In order to study the diagnosis of computed tomography (CT) image-assisted pulmonary tuberculosis patients, patients who are diagnosed as tuberculosis in Wuhan No. 6 Hospital Affiliated to Jianghan University are selected as a research object, and multi-slice spiral CT and routine X-ray examination are performed. By analyzing and comparing multi-slice spiral CT and routine X-ray examination, the diagnostic value of tuberculosis is evaluated and the detection rate of lesions in the lung and clinical classification of tuberculosis are also evaluated (including the anterior segment of the upper lobe, the posterior segment of the superior lobe, the dorsal segment of the lower lobe, the basal segment of the lower lobe, and concealment). The results show that compared with conventional X-ray examination, the sensitivity and accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT examination for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis are higher, and the difference is statistically significant. In the upper part of the upper lobe, the posterior part of the upper lobe, the lower part of the lower lobe, and the tuberculosis lesions in the basal segment and hidden part of the lower lobe, the detection rate of multi-slice spiral CT examination is significantly higher than the X-ray examination, and the difference is statistically significant. In the diagnosis of tuberculosis classification, the misdiagnosis rate of multi-slice spiral CT examination is significantly lower than the conventional X-ray examination, and the difference is statistically significant. Therefore, CT images have important reference value in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, the examination of lesions, and the clinical classification of tuberculosis. Although there are still some shortcomings in the research process, it still provides some basis and ideas for more precise research.

scholarly journals Should Preoperative Computed Tomography Be Routine Examination For Cervicofacial Space Infections?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Liang ◽  
Linli Jiang ◽  
Maoye Li ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Operation Rate ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Diagnosis Rate ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Missed Diagnosis

Abstract Background: Cervicofacial space infections are potentially life-threatening, which require accurate diagnosis, early incision, and adequate drainage. The utilization of computed tomography (CT) in cervicofacial space infections has significantly increased. However, the clinical value of preoperative CT imaging in cervicofacial space infections remains controversial. We, therefore, investigated whether CT examination should be used as a routine examination in the treatment of patients with cervicofacial space infections.Methods: A retrospective study of all patients affected by cervicofacial space infections that received incision and drainage surgery from Jan 2016 to Dec 2020 was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the group with preoperative CT and the group without preoperative CT. Outcomes, including re-operation rate, missed diagnosis rate, days of symptom relief, length of stay, duration of surgery, and total cost of hospitalization, were analyzed.Results: Of 153 patients, 108 patients underwent surgery with preoperative CT and 45 patients without preoperative CT. The re-operation rate in the preoperative CT group (6/108, 5.6%) was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that in the group without preoperative CT (10/45, 22.2%). Significant reduction of missed diagnosis rate, days of symptom relief, length of stay, and duration of surgery (P<0.05) were detected in the preoperative CT group. Conclusions: Preoperative CT examination should be recommended as a routine examination in the treatment of cervicofacial space infections for its usefulness in reducing the missed diagnosis rate and repeated surgery complication.

Evaluation of Volumetric Data for Dimensional X-Ray Computed Tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Fujimoto ◽  
Makoto Abe ◽  
Kazuya Matsuzaki ◽  
Osamu Sato ◽  
Toshiyuki Takatsuji
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Volumetric Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Geometric Objects ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Difference

The measurement capability of the dimensional X-ray Computed Tomography (DXCT) is studied by a computer simulation and the result was compared to the observed data obtained by the measurement of calibrated gauges of same shape that consist of simple geometric forms. The simulation showed that the measurement using polychromatic x-ray is different from that of monochromatic x-ray, but the difference was far smaller than expected from the results of observed data. These results indicated that the deviation of the measured values of geometric objects was not caused by simple origin and more causes have to be taken into consideration for the actual apparatus.

scholarly journals Minimization of Dose Load in Algorithms of X-Ray Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
L. A. Bulavin ◽  
Yu. F. Zabashta ◽  
O. V. Motolyha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Minimum Condition ◽  
Regularization Methods ◽  
Dose Load ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minimum Dose ◽  
Inverse Projection ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Difference

An algorithm has been developed for the reconstruction of an X-ray image obtained at the minimum dose load on the researched object and provided a given image accuracy. This algorithm combines approaches typical of the inverse projection and regularization methods. The image is formed by overlaying filtered projections, and the filtering parameters are determined from the minimum condition for the difference between the discrepancy and the experimental error.

scholarly journals Forensic veterinary evaluation of gunshot wounds to a dog’s head based on traditional examination methods and modern imaging techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 6357-2020
Author(s):  
KINGA PANASIUK-FLAK ◽  
MAŁGORZATA GRELA ◽  
PIOTR LISTOS ◽  
MAGDALENA GRYZIŃSKA ◽  
GRZEGORZ BUSZEWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Modern Imaging ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Tomography Scan

At present, the most common method of analysis of gunshot wounds is necropsy, but modern imaging methods, such as X-ray (RTG) and computed tomography (CT), are gaining in popularity. We conducted an experiment involving shooting at test material from various distances (0 m, 1.5 m, 15 m) with bullets of various calibres in order to obtain characteristic gunshot wounds and compare the utility of the traditional autopsy method and modern imaging methods for forensic veterinary purposes. Then, a digital X-ray and computed tomography scan as well as a necropsy, were performed. The analysis of the results of the experiment with ammunition of different calibres showed that damage caused by a shot from a firearm is correlated with the calibre, initial velocity and kinetic energy of the projectile, as well as the distance from the barrel end to the object being shot. In the 12 cases analysed, 80% of the bullets fired from different distances had sufficient kinetic energy to exit the test material after passing through the tissue. A macroscopic necropsy supplemented by modern imaging methods is the most accurate means of forensic veterinary analysis of gunshot wounds in animals.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF MODERN X-RAY EXAMINATION METHODS FOR DIAGNOSTICS OF HIDDEN DENTAL CARIES OF APPROXIMAL LOCALIZATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1264
Author(s):  
Iryna I. Sokolova ◽  
Svitlana I. German ◽  
Tetiana V. Tomilina ◽  
Yuliia O. Slynko ◽  
Anatoliy M. Potapchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

Introduction: In case of hidden carious cavities development on the approximal teeth surfaces, the clinical diagnostics of this process is difficult. Then, the diagnostics of carious lesion is not possible without carrying out X-ray examination. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of clinical and X-ray diagnostics for hidden caries of approximal teeth surfaces. Materials and methods: Condition of 2 963 teeth of 115 people aged from 19 to 55 was analysed. Additionally, a digital panoramic 2D diagnostics (Planmeca ProSensor, Finland) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D Diagnostics (Morita, Japan) were used for clinical examination of patients. Results: In both variants of diagnostics, the number of caries defects in the upper jaw was higher than in the lower one, and the frequency of caries lesion of various teeth groups had the following sequence in descending order: molar teeth, premolar teeth, incisor teeth and canine teeth. Hidden carious cavities of average depth and deep were detected with almost the same frequency in both variants of the study, which by 1.9 - 2.0 times respectively exceeded the frequency of superficial carious cavities detection (p = 0.0001). According to the results of clinical studies, hidden superficial carious cavities occurred in single cases and X-ray examination improved their diagnostics by 9.6 times (p = 0.0000). Conclusions: X-ray examination allows increasing the effectiveness of diagnostics of hidden carious cavities of approximal localization by 1.2 times on the whole (p <0,05). In such cases orthopantomography (OPG) has reasonably sufficient diagnostic capabilities. Definitely, 3D Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has much more diagnostic capabilities, but its use can not be justified for the diagnostics of caries only.

Difference Fourier Analysis of Glucose Embedded and Frozen Hydrated Purple Membrane

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Jules S. Jaffe ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Versus Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Ideal Method

Although difference Fourier techniques are standard in X-ray crystallography it has only been very recently that electron crystallographers have been able to take advantage of this method. We have combined a high resolution data set for frozen glucose embedded Purple Membrane (PM) with a data set collected from PM prepared in the frozen hydrated state in order to visualize any differences in structure due to the different methods of preparation. The increased contrast between protein-ice versus protein-glucose may prove to be an advantage of the frozen hydrated technique for visualizing those parts of bacteriorhodopsin that are embedded in glucose. In addition, surface groups of the protein may be disordered in glucose and ordered in the frozen state. The sensitivity of the difference Fourier technique to small changes in structure provides an ideal method for testing this hypothesis.

Antiphase Boundaries in Ordered Ni3FE Crystals

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Y. H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Domain Size ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardening Mechanism ◽  
Superlattice Structure ◽  
Disordered Phase ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Atomic Scattering ◽  
The Difference

Ordered Ni3Fe crystals possess a LI2 type superlattice similar to the Cu3Au structure. The difference in slip behavior of the superlattice as compared with that of a disordered phase has been well established. Cottrell first postulated that the increase in resistance for slip in the superlattice structure is attributed to the presence of antiphase domain boundaries. Following Cottrell's domain hardening mechanism, numerous workers have proposed other refined models also involving the presence of domain boundaries. Using the anomalous X-ray diffraction technique, Davies and Stoloff have shown that the hardness of the Ni3Fe superlattice varies with the domain size. So far, no direct observation of antiphase domain boundaries in Ni3Fe has been reported. Because the atomic scattering factors of the elements in NijFe are so close, the superlattice reflections are not easily detected. Furthermore, the domain configurations in NioFe are thought to be independent of the crystallographic orientations.

X-ray microtomography

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
H.W. Deckman ◽  
B.F. Flannery ◽  
J.H. Dunsmuir ◽  
K.D' Amico
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Individual Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Images

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

X-Ray Computed Tomography of Ultralightweight Metals

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
J. M. Winter ◽  
R. E. Green ◽  
A. M. Waters ◽  
W. H. Green
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed
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