scholarly journals The Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Cervical Colposcopy: A Retrospective Data Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yuqian Zhao ◽  
Yucong Li ◽  
Lu Xing ◽  
Haike Lei ◽  
Duke Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Histopathological Results

Objective. We aimed to evaluate the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) system in detecting high-grade precancerous lesions. Methods. A retrospective and diagnostic study was conducted in Chongqing Cancer Hospital. Anonymized medical records with cytology, HPV testing, colposcopy findings with images, and the histopathological results were selected. The sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the curve (AUC) in detecting CIN2+ and CIN3+ were evaluated for the AI system, the AI-assisted colposcopy, and the human colposcopists, respectively. Results. Anonymized medical records from 346 women were obtained. The images captured under colposcopy of 194 women were found positive by the AI system; 245 women were found positive either by human colposcopists or the AI system. In detecting CIN2+, the AI-assisted colposcopy significantly increased the sensitivity (96.6% vs. 88.8%, p = 0.016 ). The specificity was significantly lower for AI-assisted colposcopy (38.1%), compared with human colposcopists (59.5%, p < 0.001 ) or the AI system (57.6%, p < 0.001 ). The AUCs for the human colposcopists, AI system, and AI-assisted colposcopy were 0.741, 0.765, and 0.674, respectively. In detecting CIN3+, the sensitivities of the AI system and AI-assisted colposcopy were not significantly higher than human colposcopists (97.5% vs. 92.6%, p = 0.13 ). The specificity was significantly lower for AI-assisted colposcopy (37.4%) compared with human colposcopists (59.2%, p < 0.001 ) or compared with the AI system (56.6%, p < 0.001 ). The AUCs for the human colposcopists, AI system, and AI-assisted colposcopy were 0.759, 0.674, and 0.771, respectively. Conclusions. The AI system provided equally matched sensitivity to human colposcopists in detecting CIN2+ and CIN3+. The AI-assisted colposcopy significantly improved the sensitivity in detecting CIN2+.

scholarly journals Optimization of Classification Strategies of Acetowhite Temporal Patterns towards Improving Diagnostic Performance of Colposcopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Karina Gutiérrez-Fragoso ◽  
Héctor Gabriel Acosta-Mesa ◽  
Nicandro Cruz-Ramírez ◽  
Rodolfo Hernández-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Better Than

Efforts have been being made to improve the diagnostic performance of colposcopy, trying to help better diagnose cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries. However, improvements in a number of areas are still necessary, such as the time it takes to process the full digital image of the cervix, the performance of the computing systems used to identify different kinds of tissues, and biopsy sampling. In this paper, we explore three different, well-known automatic classification methods (k-Nearest Neighbors, Naïve Bayes, and C4.5), in addition to different data models that take full advantage of this information and improve the diagnostic performance of colposcopy based on acetowhite temporal patterns. Based on the ROC and PRC area scores, thek-Nearest Neighbors and discrete PLA representation performed better than other methods. The values of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy reached using this method were 60% (95% CI 50–70), 79% (95% CI 71–86), and 70% (95% CI 60–80), respectively. The acetowhitening phenomenon is not exclusive to high-grade lesions, and we have found acetowhite temporal patterns of epithelial changes that are not precancerous lesions but that are similar to positive ones. These findings need to be considered when developing more robust computing systems in the future.

Correlation of Swede score colposcopy scoring system and histopathological results in patients with high-risk HPV infection other than HPV16 and 18

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Murat Alan ◽  
Ilker Gunyeli ◽  
Murat Gultekin ◽  
Muzaffer Sancı ◽  
Kunter Yuce
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Epithelial Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
High Risk Hpv

ObjectiveTriage with HPV genotyping has some caveats and debates for HPV positive cases other than 16 and 18. The Swede score colposcopic scoring system has not previously been evaluated in this group of patients.ObjectiveTo use the Swede score colposcopic scoring system to compare scores and final histopathological results in women who have undergone colposcopy owing to infection with high risk-HPVs other than HPV16 and 18 and to establish new cut-off values to predict pre-malignant lesions in this group of patients.MethodsThis study was conducted in 613 women undergoing colposcopic evaluation because of abnormal cervical cytology together with high-risk HPV infection. All patients referred were evaluated by an expert colposcopist, given a Swede score (using the Swede score colposcopic scoring system) by using five variables (acetowhiteness, margins plus surface, vessel pattern, lesion size, and iodine staining), and had at least one biopsy procedure (either colposcopically directed or by a loop electrical excision procedure). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio values, and receiver operating characteristic curves for each clinico-pathological variable to detect low-grade and high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions, and any squamous cell abnormality (low-grade + high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions) were evaluated individually.ResultsFinal histopathological results of the patients were normal in 53.2% of cases, low-grade lesions in 32.5% of cases, and high-grade lesions in 14.4% of cases. Swede score was ≥8 (median 7.97) for high-grade lesions and ≥5 (median 5.06) for low-grade lesions. The area under the curve values (95% CI) of Swede scores for low-grade and high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions, and low-grade + high grade lesions were 0.92, 0.98, and 0.96, respectively. A Swede score cut-off value ≥6 had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratios of 92%, 98%, 93%, 98%, and 50 (22.6 to 110.8), respectively, for high-grade lesions at the final pathology (P<0.001). One high-risk HPV type (except 16 and 18) was no better than another for calculating the median Swede score during colposcopy (P=0.43).ConclusionsThe Swede score colposcopic scoring system appears to be a useful tool for evaluating atypical cervical cytology in women with high-risk HPV infection other than HPV types 16 and 18.

scholarly journals Comparative clinical effectiveness and safety of super bioavailable itraconazole and conventional itraconazole in management of dermatophytosis: a retrospective data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Harshal Mahajan ◽  
Dhiraj Dhoot ◽  
Gaurav Deshmukh ◽  
Hanmant Barkate
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Total Symptom Score ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Complete Clearance ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
The Difference

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A newer itraconazole formulation i.e., super bioavailable itraconazole has been launched recently in India which is claimed to overcome all the pharmacokinetic challenges faced with conventional itraconazole. The present retrospective data analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of super bioavailable itraconazole in comparison with conventional itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophytosis in Indian patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present multi-centric, retrospective data analysis was done at 12 dermatological centers across India from July 2020 to December 2020. Medical records of patients of dermatophytosis, who were prescribed with either super bioavailable itraconazole 50 mg twice daily for four weeks or conventional itraconazole 100 mg twice daily for four weeks were included in the study.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 56% patients (n=30) in super bioavailable itraconazole group achieved complete clearance of their symptoms (cured) compared to only 34% patients (n=17) in conventional itraconazole group and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.02). Significantly more patients achieved complete clearance of their lesions in super bioavailable itraconazole-37 patients (69%) compared to conventional itraconazole group-25 patients (49%) at the end of 4 week therapy (p=0.04). The difference in total symptom score (∆TSS) in super bioavailable itraconazole group was more (5.81) as compared to conventional itraconazole group (4.75) (p=0.09). Both the treatment were well tolerated.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From the findings of the present study, super bioavailable itraconazole was more effective with similar safety profile as compared to conventional itraconazole in the treatment of dermatophytosis.</p>

Prehospital procedure in injuries – injury analysis in the Śląskie Voivodeship in Katowice

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Anna Chowaniec ◽  
Olimpia Karczewska ◽  
Piotr Szwedziński
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
The City

The aim: Analysis of injuries suffered in street and road traffic and in public places in the Śląskie Voivodeship in the city of Katowice from January 1, 2017 to October 10, 2017. Material and methods: The study was based on a retrospective data analysis covering 248 Medical Rescue Activity Cards of the Voivodship Ambulance Service in Katowice – Katowice station from January 1 to October 10 2017. Results: Among 248 victims were 120 men and 128 women. 8 women who were injured were pregnant. In the analyzed material, 234 people (94%) were sober, while 14 people (6%) were found to be under the influence of alcohol. Among 248 victims, 83 people suffered multi-organ trauma, while 62 people were injured. 14 patients (5.6%) assessed pain using the NRS scale, while analgesic treatment was initiated in 22 people (8.9%). Conclusions: The most common type of injuries among victims of street and road traffic and in public places in Katowice from January 1 to October 10 2017 were bruises. Most often injuries occurred on Wednesday and Saturday, the least often on Sunday. None of the persons injured in prehospital procedures had a vacuum mattress, some had an orthopedic board (18.1%) and a cervical collar (32.3%). The personnel of the Emergency Medical Teams do not routinely use tools to assess the intensity of pain (only 5.6% of victims have documented pain assessment using the NRS scale on the MCR card). Consider changing the format of the medical records used by emergency teams to include a separate heading to assess pain intensity.

scholarly journals Concurrent cytologic and colposcopic evaluation of symptomatic cervical erosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Shreya Goel ◽  
Prabha Lal
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
High Grade ◽  
High Grade Lesion ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Preinvasive Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Histopathological Results ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Background: Cervical cancer is amongst the leading causes of deaths due to cancer in developing countries. Moreover, preinvasive lesions of the cervix have a long latency period for conversion into malignancy and are also detectable by screening techniques. Hence, colposcopy in addition to cytology should be carried out wherever facility is available to ensure early detection and timely management.Methods: Simultaneous cytology and colposcopy was done for 80 women with symptomatic cervical erosion followed by a colposcopic directed biopsy in women with MRCI >3. Finally, correlation between cytology, colposcopy and histopathological results was done.Results: 65/80 women were biopsied. 12/80 women had MRCI >6 amongst which 10/80 were confirmed to have a high grade lesion on histopathology. 13/80 had lesser abnormalities (ASCUS and LSIL) amongst which 3/80 had CIN1 on histopathology. Only 2/80 had HSIL on cytology as compared to 8/80 on histopathology that had CIN 2/3. Lastly, only 1/80 had SCC on cytology compared to 2/80 on histopathology. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of cytology and colposcopy for diagnosing cervical dysplasia was 46.1%, 83.5%, 35.2%, 88.8% and 84.6%, 86.5%, 55%, 96.6% respectively making colposcopy a better screening tool than cytology for evaluating cervical malignancy.Conclusions: Colposcopic examination should ideally be carried out in all women with symptomatic cervical erosion in addition to cytology. Moreover, suspicious areas should be biopsied even if cytology is normal to exclude malignancy. 

Comparison Between 18F-Dopa and 18F-Fet PET/CT in Patients with Suspicious Recurrent High Grade Glioma: A Literature Review and Our Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Evangelista ◽  
Lea Cuppari ◽  
Luisa Bellu ◽  
Daniele Bertin ◽  
Mario Caccese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Fet Pet ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Purpose: The aims of the present study were to: 1- critically assess the utility of L-3,4- dihydroxy-6-18Ffluoro-phenyl-alanine (18F-DOPA) and O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) in patients with high grade glioma (HGG) and 2- describe the results of 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT in a case series of patients with recurrent HGG. Methods: We searched for studies using the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The search terms were: glioma OR brain neoplasm and DOPA OR DOPA PET OR DOPA PET/CT and FET OR FET PET OR FET PET/CT. From a mono-institutional database, we retrospectively analyzed the 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT of 29 patients (age: 56 ± 12 years) with suspicious for recurrent HGG. All patients underwent 18F-DOPA or 18F-FET PET/CT for a multidisciplinary decision. The final definition of recurrence was made by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or multidisciplinary decision, mainly based on the clinical data. Results: Fifty-one articles were found, of which 49 were discarded, therefore 2 studies were finally selected. In both the studies, 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET as exchangeable in clinical practice particularly for HGG patients. From our institutional experience, in 29 patients, we found that sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 18F-DOPA PET/CT in HGG were 100% (95% confidence interval- 95%CI - 81-100%), 63% (95%CI: 39-82%) and 62% (95%CI: 39-81%), respectively. 18F-FET PET/CT was true positive in 4 and true negative in 4 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for 18F-FET PET/CT in HGG were 100%. Conclusion: 18F-DOPA and 18F-FET PET/CT have a similar diagnostic accuracy in patients with recurrent HGG. However, 18F-DOPA PET/CT could be affected by inflammation conditions (false positive) that can alter the final results. Large comparative trials are warranted in order to better understand the utility of 18F-DOPA or 18F-FET PET/CT in patients with HGG.

Discriminating Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules: The Nomogram Versus the Kwak and ACR TI-RADS

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 1156-1165
Author(s):  
Juan Xiao ◽  
Qiang Xiao ◽  
Wei Cong ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Shouluan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective To develop an easy-to-use nomogram for discrimination of malignant thyroid nodules and to compare diagnostic efficiency with the Kwak and American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). Study Design Retrospective diagnostic study. Setting The Second Hospital of Shandong University. Subjects and Methods From March 2017 to April 2019, 792 patients with 1940 thyroid nodules were included into the training set; from May 2019 to December 2019, 174 patients with 389 nodules were included into the validation set. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to develop a nomogram for discriminating malignant nodules. To compare the diagnostic performance of the nomogram with the Kwak and ACR TI-RADS, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results The nomogram consisted of 7 factors: composition, orientation, echogenicity, border, margin, extrathyroidal extension, and calcification. In the training set, for all nodules, the area under the curve (AUC) for the nomogram was 0.844, which was higher than the Kwak TI-RADS (0.826, P = .008) and the ACR TI-RADS (0.810, P < .001). For the 822 nodules >1 cm, the AUC of the nomogram was 0.891, which was higher than the Kwak TI-RADS (0.852, P < .001) and the ACR TI-RADS (0.853, P < .001). In the validation set, the AUC of the nomogram was also higher than the Kwak and ACR TI-RADS ( P < .05), each in the whole series and separately for nodules >1 or ≤1 cm. Conclusions When compared with the Kwak and ACR TI-RADS, the nomogram had a better performance in discriminating malignant thyroid nodules.

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