scholarly journals Single-Blind, Prospective, Randomized Study of Cefmetazole and Cefoxitin in the Treatment of Postcesarean Endometritis

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Chatwani ◽  
Mark Martens ◽  
David A. Grimes ◽  
Molly Chatterjee ◽  
Melvin Noah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Prospective Randomized Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Clinical Responses ◽  
Single Blind

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of cefmetazole given by IV push with that of parenterally administered cefoxitin for the treatment of endometritis following cesarean delivery.Methods: In a single-blind, multicenter, prospective, randomized study, 355 patients with endometritis after cesarean delivery were enrolled and received medication. Administered was either cefmetazole sodium, 2 g by IV push over 1 min q 8 h, or cefoxitin sodium, 2 g IV q 6 h in a 2:1 ratio. The patients were followed for clinical responses and side effects.Results: The cure rate for cefmetazole was 89% and for cefoxitin it was 79% (P = 0.006). The adverse events were similar in both groups.Conclusions: Cefmetazole was significantly more effective than cefoxitin in the treatment of endometritis following cesarean delivery.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy and safety in patients treated with teicoplanin with a target trough concentration of 20 μg/mL using a regimen of 12 mg/kg for five doses within the initial 3 days

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ueda ◽  
Yoshio Takesue ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakajima ◽  
Kaoru Ichiki ◽  
Kaori Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Trough Concentration ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Conventional Regimen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Responses

Abstract Background: A trough concentration (Cmin) ≥20 μg/mL of teicoplanin is recommended for the treatment of serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. However available data are limited because it is difficult to attain this target Cmin.Methods: Pharmacokinetics and adverse events were evaluated in all eligible patients. For clinical efficacy, patients who had bacteremia/complicated MRSA infections were analyzed. The primary endpoint for clinical efficacy was an early clinical response at 72–96 h after the start of therapy. Five dosed of 12 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg was administered as an enhanced or conventional high loading dose regimen, respectively. The Cmin was obtained at 72 h after the first dose.Results: Overall, 512 patients were eligible, and 76 patients were analyzed for treatment efficacy. The proportion of patients achieving the target Cmin range (20–40 μg/mL) by the enhanced regimen was significantly higher than for the conventional regimen (75.2% versus 41.0%, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, Cmin ≥20 μg/mL was an independent factor for an early clinical response (odds ratio 3.95, 95% confidence interval 1.25–12.53). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events between patients who did or did not achieve a Cmin ≥20 μg/mL.Conclusion: A target Cmin ≥20 μg/mL might improve early clinical responses during the treatment of difficult MRSA infections using 12 mg/kg teicoplanin for five doses within the initial 3 days.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy and safety in patients treated with teicoplanin with a target trough concentration of 20 μg/mL using a regimen of 12 mg/kg for five doses within the initial 3 days

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ueda ◽  
Yoshio Takesue ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakajima ◽  
Kaoru Ichiki ◽  
Kaori Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Trough Concentration ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Target Concentration ◽  
Conventional Regimen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Responses

Abstract Background: A trough concentration (Cmin) ≥20 μg/mL of teicoplanin is recommended for the treatment of serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. However, sufficient clinical evidence to support the efficacy of this target Cmin has not been obtained. Even though the recommended high Cmin of teicoplanin was associated with better clinical outcome, reaching the target concentration is challenging.Methods: Pharmacokinetics and adverse events were evaluated in all eligible patients. For clinical efficacy, patients who had bacteremia/complicated MRSA infections were analyzed. The primary endpoint for clinical efficacy was an early clinical response at 72–96 h after the start of therapy. Five dosed of 12 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg was administered as an enhanced or conventional high loading dose regimen, respectively. The Cmin was obtained at 72 h after the first dose.Results: Overall, 512 patients were eligible, and 76 patients were analyzed for treatment efficacy. The proportion of patients achieving the target Cmin range (20–40 μg/mL) by the enhanced regimen was significantly higher than for the conventional regimen (75.2% versus 41.0%, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, Cmin ≥20 μg/mL was an independent factor for an early clinical response (odds ratio 3.95, 95% confidence interval 1.25–12.53). There was no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events between patients who did or did not achieve a Cmin ≥20 μg/mL.Conclusion: A target Cmin ≥20 μg/mL might improve early clinical responses during the treatment of difficult MRSA infections using 12 mg/kg teicoplanin for five doses within the initial 3 days.

Early Maternal Feeding Following Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Randomized Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
G. Bar ◽  
E. Sheiner ◽  
A. Lezerovizt ◽  
T. Lazer ◽  
M. Hallak
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Prospective Randomized Study

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Finasteride (5 alpha-reductase inhibitor) monotherapy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A critical review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Gian Maria Busetto ◽  
Francesco Del Giudice ◽  
Daniele D'Agostino ◽  
Daniele Romagnoli ◽  
Andrea Minervini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Reductase Inhibitor ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

Background: Combination therapy with 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) and alpha-blocker can be considered as a gold standard intervention for medical management of lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). On the other hand, 5-ARI monotherapy and in particular Finasteride alone is currently getting focus of attention especially due to lack of systematic reviews investigating efficacy outcomes and/or adverse events associated. Objectives: Aim of the present critical review was to analyze current knowledge of clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse events associated with 5-ARI treatment for LUTS/BPH. Materials and methods: A systematic review of clinical trials of the literature of the past 20 years was performed using database from PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration and Embase. A total of 8821 patients were included in this study and inclusion criteria for studies selection were: data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) focusing their attention on the clinical role of Finasteride monotherapy for symptomatic BPH. Parameters of research included prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume (PV), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPPS), postvoid residual urine (PVR), voiding symptoms of IPSS (voiding IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and adverse events (AEs). Results: Overall 12 original articles were included and critically evaluated. Sample sizes of patient actively treated with finasteride varied from 13 to 1524 cases analyzed in a single study. Follow-up after treatments ranged from 3 to 54 months. The effect of finasteride in reducing prostate volume (PV) was moderate (standardized mean difference (SMD) effect between 0.5 to 0.8 for all trials evaluable) while the effect on IPSS score and Qmax was considered significant (SMD in the 0.2 to 0.5 variation range). No severe AEs and/or psychiatric disorders were retrieved among the studies. Sexual health dysfunctions were significantly influenced by finasteride therapy when compared with placebo treated patients. Conclusions: Although significant clinical benefits of finasteride monotherapy were demonstrated, the effective size of the available reports included in the analysis is limited. Additional head-to-head studies would be needed to re-evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of 5-ARI in combination or not with alpha blockers.

Tocilizumab in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study of 34 Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Régent ◽  
Serge Redeker ◽  
Alban Deroux ◽  
Pierre Kieffer ◽  
Kim Heang Ly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Severe Adverse Events ◽  
Retrospective Multicenter Study

Objective.To report the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) for giant cell arteritis (GCA).Methods.A retrospective multicenter study that included 34 patients receiving TCZ for GCA.Results.TCZ was effective in all but 6 patients, who still had mild symptoms. Mean glucocorticoid dose was tapered. One patient died and 3 patients had to stop TCZ therapy because of severe adverse events. Twenty-three patients stopped treatment; 8 of these experienced relapses after a mean of 3.5 ± 1.3 months.Conclusion.TCZ is effective in GCA. However, side effects occur. Whether this treatment has only a suspensive effect remains to be determined.

scholarly journals Impact of cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphisms on the clinical efficacy and safety of voriconazole: an update systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xu Hao ◽  
Kelu Hou ◽  
Lei Hu ◽  
Jingyuan Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cyp2c19 Polymorphisms

Aims: To assess the impact of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 polymorphisms on the clinical efficacy and safety of voriconazole. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and three Chinese databases from their inception to March 18, 2021 using a predefined search algorithm to identify relevant studies. Studies that reported voriconazole-treated patients and information on CYP2C19 polymorphisms were included. The efficacy outcome was success rate. The safety outcomes included overall adverse events, hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Results: A total of 20 studies were included. Intermediate metabolizers (IMs) and Poor metabolizers (PMs) were associated with increased success rates compared with normal metabolizers (NMs) (risk ratio (RR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03~1.34, I2=0%, p=0.02; RR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.06~1.54, I2=0%, p=0.01). PMs were at increased risk of overall adverse events in comparison with NMs and IMs (RR: 2.18, 95%CI: 1.35~3.53, I2=0%, p=0.001; RR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.23~2.64, I2=0%, p=0.003). PMs demonstrated a trend towards an increased incidence of hepatotoxicity when compared with NMs (RR: 1.60, 95%CI: 0.94~2.74, I2=27%, p=0.08), although there was no statistically significant difference. In addition, there was no significant association between CYP2C19 polymorphisms and neurotoxicity. Conclusions: IMs and PMs were at a significant higher success rate in comparison with NMs. PMs were significantly associated with an increased incidence of all adverse events compared with NMs and IMs. Researches are expected to further confirm these findings. Additionally, the relationship between hepatotoxicity and CYP2C19 polymorphisms deservers clinical attention.

Double-Blind Comparison of Maternal Analgesia and Neonatal Neurobehaviour following Intravenous Butorphanol and Meperidine

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hodgkinson ◽  
Robert W Huff ◽  
Robert H Hayashi ◽  
Farkhanda J Husain
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Foetal Heart Rate ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cervical Dilation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blind Comparison

Butorphanol (1 mg and 2 mg) and meperidine (40 mg and 80 mg), given intravenously, were evaluated for analgesic efficacy and safety in a double-blind randomized study employing 200 consenting pre-partum patients in moderate to severe pain during the late first stage of labour. Both drugs provided adequate relief of pain to the mothers. There was no significant difference in the rate of cervical dilation, the foetal heart rate, the Apgar score, pain relief or neonatal neurobehavioural scores between those receiving butorphanol and those receiving meperidine. Twenty-two mothers who received butorphanol and eleven who received meperidine nursed their infants with no adverse effects observed. Side-effects were generally infrequent in this study; however, more side-effects were reported by the patients and observed by the investigator in the meperidine-treated cases (13%) than in the cases treated with butorphanol (2%).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document