The Effect of Cold Exposure on the Plasma Levels of Glucose Lactate, Free Fatty Acids and Glycerol and on the Blood Gas and Acid-Base Status in Young Lambs

Albumin palmitate-1-C14 complex was infused at a constant rate through a carotid cannula (inserted 5–7 days earlier) into otherwise intact non-fasted rats in environments at 30° or 6 °C, after acclimation to 30° or 6 °C. At 6 °C, both warm- and cold-acclimated rats similarly exhaled as CI4O2 a larger proportion of the injected C14 and gave lower terminal amounts of C14 in the extracted free fatty acids (F.F.A.) of plasma than at 30 °C. These results indicate that plasma F.F.A. serve as substrate for cold-thermogenesis. Also, increased turnover and oxidation of F.F.A. are not always inversely related to carbohydrate utilization but may be increased under conditions which result in concomitantly higher rates of turnover and oxidation of glucose.

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PLASMA FREE FATTY ACIDS AND COLD EXPOSURE

Nutrition Reviews ◽

10.1111/j.1753-4887.1965.tb02158.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 238-239

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Plasma Free Fatty Acids

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Alterations in acid-base status and blood gas dynamics during progressive hyperkalaemia in neonatal calves

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/s0034-5288(18)31159-7 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 277-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. SINGH ◽

S.S. RANDHAWA ◽

M.S. SETIA

Keyword(s):

Gas Dynamics ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Acid Base ◽

Acid Base Status ◽

Neonatal Calves

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Cardiorespiratory responses of white sturgeon to environmental hypercapnia

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.2.r617 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 279 (2) ◽

pp. R617-R628 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Carlos E. Crocker ◽

Anthony P. Farrell ◽

A. Kurt Gamperl ◽

Joseph J. Cech

Keyword(s):

Plasma Concentration ◽

Stress Responses ◽

White Sturgeon ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Acid Base ◽

Arterial Ph ◽

Direct Measurements ◽

Adrenergic Modulation ◽

Acid Base Status

Cardioventilatory variables and blood-gas, acid-base status were measured in cannulated white sturgeon ( Acipenser transmontanus) maintained at 19°C during normocapnic and hypercapnic (PwCO2 ∼20 Torr) water conditions and after the injection of adrenergic analogs. Hypercapnia produced significant increases in arterial Pco 2, ventilatory frequency, and plasma concentration of cortisol and epinephrine, and it produced significant decreases in arterial pH and plasma concentration of glucose but no change in arterial Po 2, hematocrit, and concentration of lactate or norepinephrine. Hypercapnia significantly increased cardiac output (Q) by 22%, mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 8%, and heart rate (HR) by 8%. However, gut blood flow (GBF) remained constant. In normocapnic fish, phenylephrine significantly constricted the splanchnic circulation, whereas isoproterenol significantly increased Q and produced a systemic vasodilation. During hypercapnia, propranolol significantly decreased Q, GBF, MAP, and HR, whereas phentolamine significantly decreased MAP and increased GBF. These changes suggest that cardiovascular function in the white sturgeon is sensitive to both α- and β-adrenergic modulation. We found microspheres to be unreliable in predicting GBF on the basis of our comparisons with simultaneous direct measurements of GBF. Overall, our results demonstrate that environmental hypercapnia (e.g., as is experienced in high-intensity culture situations) elicits stress responses in white sturgeon that significantly elevate steady-state cardiovascular and ventilatory activity levels.

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